Perfil epidemiológico da Covid-19 em um município do interior do Estado de São Paulo

Since the description of the first cases of Covid-19 in China in December 2019, the disease has spread rapidly across the globe. In Brazil, the first case was described in late February 2020, in the state of São Paulo, becoming the first country in South America to notify a case of Covid-19. The disease spread quickly through the interior of the country, reaching all cities in a short time. In Catanduva, a medium-sized city in the northwest region of São Paulo, the first cases were identified at the end of March 2020. This study aims to demonstrate some epidemiological aspects of the behavior of the pandemic in a medium-sized municipality from Sao Paulo. METHOD: descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were obtained on the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with Covid-19 and residing in the city of Catanduva, from March to December 2020. Data were obtained from the e-SUS and Information System of the Epidemiological Surveillance (SIVEP), provided by the Municipal Health Department. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CEP) of Centro Universitário Padre Albino with protocol number 4,871,572. RESULTS: In the selected period, 5705 cases of Covid-19 were reported, with 5122 classified as mild cases and 583 as severe cases (SRAG). Among the severe cases, 186 evolved to death. The mean age were different when comparing the groups, with the most severe cases showing higher means. Females predominated in mild cases and males in severe cases and deaths. The most frequent symptoms were fever, cough, dyspnea and odynophagia. Comorbidities such as heart disease, diabetes, obesity and lung disease were more frequent, especially among severe cases and deaths. Among hospitalized patients, the death rate was 32.1%. This rate increases to 50.5% for patients who required intensive care and to 79.2% for patients who required orotracheal intubation. CONCLUSION: The results presented in the present study are in accordance with the findings in the literature and demonstrate the impact the pandemic has had on the health of the population.Desde a descrição dos primeiros casos de Covid-19 na China em dezembro de 2019, a doença se espalhou rapidamente por todo o globo. No Brasil o primeiro caso foi descrito no final de fevereiro de 2020, no estado de São Paulo, tornando-se o primeiro país da América do Sul a notificar um caso de Covid-19. Rapidamente a doença se disseminou pelo interior do país, atingindo em pouco tempo praticamente todas as cidades. Em Catanduva, cidade de médio porte da região noroeste paulista, os primeiros casos foram identificados no final do mês de março de 2020. Esse estudo tem o objetivo de demonstrar alguns aspectos epidemiológicos do comportamento da pandemia em um município de médio porte do interior do estado de São Paulo. MÉTODO: estudo descritivo transversal. Foram obtidos dados sobre o perfil clínico e epidemiológico dos pacientes diagnosticados com Covid-19 e residentes na cidade de Catanduva, no período de março a dezembro de 2020. Os dados foram obtidos dos bancos de dados e-SUS e Sistema de Informação da Vigilância Epidemiológica (SIVEP), fornecidos pela Secretaria de Saúde do município. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa (CEP) do Centro Universitário Padre Albino com número do protocolo 4.871.572. RESULTADOS: No período selecionado, foram notificados 5705 casos de Covid-19, sendo 5122 classificados como casos leves e 583 como casos graves (SRAG). Dentre os casos graves 186 evoluíram para óbito. A média de idade e a mediana foram diferentes na comparação entre os grupos, com os casos mais graves mostrando médias mais altas. Sexo feminino predominou nos casos leves e o masculino nos casos graves e óbitos. Os sintomas mais frequentes foram febre, tosse, dispneia e odinofagia. Comorbidades como cardiopatias, diabetes, obesidade e pneumopatias foram mais frequentes principalmente entre os casos graves e óbitos. Dentre os pacientes internados a taxa de óbito foi de 32,1%. Essa taxa aumenta para 50,5% para os pacientes que necessitaram de terapia intensiva e para 79,2% para os pacientes que necessitaram de intubação orotraqueal. CONCLUSÃO: os resultados apresentados no presente estudo se mostraram em conformidade com os achados na literatura e demonstraram o impacto que a pandemia causou e tem causado na saúde da população

The Ingestion and Perspective of Magnesium Consumption by Medicine Students: An Observational Brazilian Study

Magnesium is an important nutrient for the organism present in several enzymatic reactions. The reduced daily intake of this mineral (below 310 to 320 mg, for women, and 400 to 420 mg, for men) is associated with several chronic diseases. Thus, based on the hypothesis that medical students have a deficient intake of the mineral, this study sought to examine the intake of macronutrients by medical students at a college in the northwest of São Paulo and their thinking about the importance of the presence of the mineral of the diet. This research is a cross-sectional quali-quantitative study. The data used were obtained through a virtual questionnaire that contained several questions to identify gender, the notion of the importance of correct magnesium intake and the frequency of food consumption. The questionnaire was made available to academics between July and August 2020. The responses to the questionnaire were validated only after acceptance of the informed consent form. Thus, 147 responses were validated, with 92 responses from women and 55 from men. Then, from the amounts of magnesium present in food and the minimum and maximum frequencies of magnesium intake by students, the minimum (male 133.2 mg and female 128.5 mg) and maximum (male 232, 8 and female 229.5) of the daily magnesium intake by the students analyzed and their respective standard deviations, using these data, the Figure of the normal distribution for each type of daily average intake was plotted. Also, an opinion was obtained about the importance of magnesium intake on a scale of 1 to 5 (1 being irrelevant and 5 essential) and, from these data, it was observed that those who considered magnesium intake to be irrelevant (3 responses) presented a minimum and a maximum average (57.03 mg / day and 149.4 mg/day, respectively) of daily mineral intake below the 64 that considered it essential (140.06 mg/day and 238 mg / day) day, respectively). Finally, it is noted that the consumption of both sexes of the interviewees is close and both the maximum mean daily magnesium intake resides below the recommended amounts for daily consumption - mainly individuals of the sex but culino, who have a recommended intake value higher daily dose (400 to 420 mg/day) than females (300 to 310 mg). Thus, this data supports the initial hypothesis of the existence of a deficient daily consumption of magnesium by medical students, also, it can be related to a lower importance attributed to the presence of magnesium in the diet to a lower average daily intake