Clathrocaspia isseli

Clathrocaspia isseli (Logvinenko & Starobogatov, 1969) Fig. 2a–d Pyrgula (Caspia) isseli Logv. et Star. sp. n. — Logvinenko & Starobogatov 1969: 378, fig. 367(6). Pyrgula isseli Logvinenko et Starobogatov, 1968 — Kantor & Sysoev 2006: 100, pl. 45, fig. P. Clathrocaspia isseli (Logvinenko & Starobogatov, 1969) — Wesselingh et al. 2019: 70. Clathrocaspia isseli (Logvinenko & Starobogatov, 1969) — Anistratenko et al. 2021: 174, fig. 12i–l, q. Type material. Holotype (ZIN 1 /532-2021) and 32 paratypes (ZIN 2 /532-2021) derive from the same lot, labeled “50/1957” (Tab. 1, locality 16), collected by B.M. Logvinenko off Cheleken Peninsula on 4 August 1957. Further 128 paratypes (ZIN 3 /532-2021–8/532-2021, 11/532-2021 and 12/532-2021) are stored in eight separate tubes, labels only marked with the number of station and year, collected in various parts of the Middle (Tab. 1, locality 2) and South (localities 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 42) Caspian Sea between 26 June 1956 and 2 August 1957 (Fig. 1). Type locality. Originally given as “Southern Caspian Sea between 40–75 m water depth” without further details (Logvinenko & Starobogatov 1969). The holotype was collected in the Caspian Sea off the Cheleken Peninsula, Turkmenistan (Table 1, locality 16) from 71 m depth. Remarks. Recently rediscovered material determined by Starobogatov as the paratypes of C. isseli contain a variety of morphologies. Some match the typical C. isseli as described by Logvinenko & Starobogatov (1969) and the morphology of the holotype (Fig. 2a, b). However, some paratypes (Fig. 2i, j, o–r) resemble C. pallasii (Clessin & W. Dybowski in W. Dybowski, 1887) closely and study of these and additional material confirms that some of the paratypes were classified under that species correctly (Anistratenko et al. 2021). Despite their overall similarity in shell shape, C. pallasii can be distinguished from C. isseli by the consistently lower whorl base, the less convex whorl profile, the slightly detached aperture and the larger and more bulbous protoconch. Clathrocaspia isseli differs from C. gmelinii (Clessin & W. Dybowski in W. Dybowski, 1887) in its more slender shape (see Anistratenko et al. 2021 for further details). Distribution. Endemic to the Caspian Sea, only known from 8 localities (see above) in the Middle and South Basins from water depths of 40 and 107 m. Also found in the Holocene deposits of the Kura delta (Anistratenko et al. 2021).Published as part of Anistratenko, Vitaliy V., Sitnikova, Tatiana Ya. & Anistratenko, Olga Yu., 2021, Holotypes for three Caspian gastropods of the family Hydrobiidae tracked down description and taxonomic interpretations, pp. 408-416 in Zootaxa 5027 (3) on page 412, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5027.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/544976

Laevicaspia B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki 1917

Genus Laevicaspia B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1917 Type species. Rissoa caspia Eichwald, 1838; by subsequent designation (Logvinenko & Starobogatov 1969). Caspian Sea, Pleistocene (?).Published as part of Anistratenko, Vitaliy V., Sitnikova, Tatiana Ya. & Anistratenko, Olga Yu., 2021, Holotypes for three Caspian gastropods of the family Hydrobiidae tracked down description and taxonomic interpretations, pp. 408-416 in Zootaxa 5027 (3) on page 414, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5027.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/544976

Clathrocaspia Lindholm 1930

Genus Clathrocaspia Lindholm, 1930 Type species. Caspia pallasii Clessin & W. Dybowski in W. Dybowski, 1887; by original designation (Lindholm 1930: 313). Caspian Sea, Recent. There are seven species of Clathrocaspia presently accepted within the Ponto-Caspian region; two inhabit only the Black Sea and five are endemic to the Caspian Sea (Anistratenko et al. 2021).Published as part of Anistratenko, Vitaliy V., Sitnikova, Tatiana Ya. & Anistratenko, Olga Yu., 2021, Holotypes for three Caspian gastropods of the family Hydrobiidae tracked down description and taxonomic interpretations, pp. 408-416 in Zootaxa 5027 (3) on page 411, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5027.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/544976

Laevicaspia B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki 1917

Genus <i>Laevicaspia</i> B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1917 <p> <b>Type species</b>. <i>Rissoa caspia</i> Eichwald, 1838; by subsequent designation (Logvinenko & Starobogatov 1969). Caspian Sea, Pleistocene (?).</p>Published as part of <i>Anistratenko, Vitaliy V., Neubauer, Thomas A., Anistratenko, Olga Yu., Kijashko, Pavel V. & Wesselingh, Frank P., 2021, A revision of the Pontocaspian gastropods of the subfamily Caspiinae (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae), pp. 151-197 in Zootaxa 4933 (2)</i> on page 186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.2.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4550146">http://zenodo.org/record/4550146</a&gt

Andrusovia cyrensis Anistratenko & Neubauer & Anistratenko & Kijashko & Wesselingh 2021, sp. nov.

† <i>Andrusovia cyrensis</i> sp. nov. <p>Fig. 5</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3A413153-1A98-47A7-A93A-B00CC7CE8E04</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype: RGM 1310292: 0.83 x 0.90 mm (Fig. 5a, j, k, r). Paratypes: RGM 1310293: 0.93 x 0.99 mm (Fig. 5b, m); RGM 1310294: 0.81 x 0.89 mm (Fig. 5c, d, l, q, s); RGM 1310295: 0.75 x 0.81 mm (Fig. 5e, f, i, p, t).</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> South Caspian Basin off Kura delta, Azerbaijan (locality 25f, sample 14-1); GPS coordinates: 39°17’13.14”N, 49°36’7.62”E (WGS84).</p> <p> <b>Age.</b> Subfossil, late Holocene (Hoogendoorn <i>et al</i>. 2005).</p> <p> <b>Other material.</b> Three specimens from localities 25d and 25f (RGM 1310296–1310298).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> From Cyrus, the Latin name of the Kura River.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Low trochiform, conical, small <i>Andrusovia</i> with up to three convex, slightly stepped whorls, wide umbilicus, broadly ovoid aperture, weakly sinuate and weakly thickened peristome, strongly wrinkled protoconch with faint spiral threads and teleoconch microsculpture consisting of fine, densely spaced, slightly irregular, raised spiral threads, which are typically dissected into elongate beads.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Small shell, slightly broader as high, with up to three whorls with stepped appearance. Protoconch low domical, cap-like, consisting of 1 whorl that measures c. 290–305 µm; protoconch covered with densely malleate sculpture that may become wider meshed and spikier on second half; faint traces of up to four spiral threads appear on first half near lower suture in some specimens; final triangular portion reaching from lower suture to end of protoconch, starting at c. 0.75 whorls, devoid of malleate sculpture but bearing growth rims that increase in strength towards transition to teleoconch; transition marked by growth stop and onset of fine prosocyrt growth lines. Teleoconch whorls covered with dense microsculpture consisting of fine, densely spaced, slightly irregular, raised spiral threads, which are typically dissected into elongate beads. Suture incised and deep. Body whorl attains c. 80% of total shell height, forms shallow base. Aperture wide, ovoid, with weak notch at contact to penultimate whorl; umbilicus circular, wide, deep. Peristome slightly thickened, sinuate.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The new species resembles <i>A. dybowskii</i> superficially concerning the low trochiform shape, but it is distinctly smaller, has a lower spire, a smaller protoconch (290–305 µm versus 380–415 µm) at approximately the same number of whorls, more convex whorls and a teleoconch microsculpture that is so far unknown in any other <i>Andrusovia</i> species. Only specimens formerly attributed to <i>Andrusovia andrusovi</i> (here considered a synonym of <i>A. dybowskii</i>; see above) more closely match <i>A. cyrensis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> in terms of the depressed shell, but we consider the larger size, larger protoconch, more thickened shell and (apparent) lack of teleoconch microsculpture (Fig. 2 ae), 3c, h) sufficient to distinguish them on the species level. The Pleistocene <i>Andrusovia antecessor</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> is even larger and has a higher spire with more whorls.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Caspian Sea. So far only known from the late Holocene of the Kura delta deposits (South Caspian Basin).</p>Published as part of <i>Anistratenko, Vitaliy V., Neubauer, Thomas A., Anistratenko, Olga Yu., Kijashko, Pavel V. & Wesselingh, Frank P., 2021, A revision of the Pontocaspian gastropods of the subfamily Caspiinae (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae), pp. 151-197 in Zootaxa 4933 (2)</i> on pages 163-165, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.2.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4550146">http://zenodo.org/record/4550146</a&gt

Clathrocaspia Lindholm 1930

Genus <i>Clathrocaspia</i> Lindholm, 1930 <p> <b>Type species</b>. <i>Caspia pallasii</i> Clessin & W. Dybowski in W. Dybowski, 1887; by original designation. Caspian Sea, Recent.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Because of the number of <i>Clathrocaspia</i> species presently accepted and the different concepts that have been applied to these species (see Remarks sections below), we provide here an overview of all accepted <i>Clathrocaspia</i> species to allow for comparison of relevant shell traits (Fig. 7).</p>Published as part of <i>Anistratenko, Vitaliy V., Neubauer, Thomas A., Anistratenko, Olga Yu., Kijashko, Pavel V. & Wesselingh, Frank P., 2021, A revision of the Pontocaspian gastropods of the subfamily Caspiinae (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae), pp. 151-197 in Zootaxa 4933 (2)</i> on page 167, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.2.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4550146">http://zenodo.org/record/4550146</a&gt

Clathrocaspia stanislavi

<i>Clathrocaspia stanislavi</i> (Alexenko & Starobogatov, 1987) <p>Fig. 18 i–m</p> <p> <i>Caspia gmelinii stanislavi</i> Alexenko et Starobogatov subsp. n. — Alexenko & Starobogatov 1987: 33, fig. 1.</p> <p> <i>Caspia stanislavi</i> Alexenko et Starobogatov, 1987 — Kantor & Sysoev 2006: 88, pl. 41, fig. H.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype and 44 paratypes should be in the ZIN collection; despite major effort, none of the specimens could be located in this institution. One paratype, being a subadult specimen with partially destroyed aperture, was retrieved in the collection of the NMNH NASU (IKOFZ-It-167).</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Dnieper river near Kherson, Kherson region, Ukraine (Table 1, locality 30a). The only retrieved paratype was collected from the Dnieper delta (locality 30d).</p> <p> <b>Other material.</b> One specimen from the type locality, collected in 1982 by T.L. Alexenko and determined by her in cooperation with Ya.I. Starobogatov (UGSB 25237). One specimen from the late Holocene deposits of near Kiliya, Odessa region, Ukraine (IZAN unnumbered, locality 32).</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Alexenko & Starobogatov (1987) considered this species similar to the Caspian <i>C. gmelinii</i>, from which it is said to differ only in the more inflated whorls, the weaker sculpture and a slightly smaller shell. In combination with the measurements provided with the original description, <i>C. stanislavi</i> rather resembles the holotype of <i>C. makarovi</i>, which is present considered a synonym of <i>C. knipowitschii</i>. Thus, <i>C. stanislavi</i> is very likely too a synonym of <i>C. knipowitschii</i>, but a final decision requires investigation of the type material, foremost the holotype, and/or a genetic study once fresh material becomes available (Wesselingh <i>et al</i>. 2019). The species is treated as a taxon inquirendum.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Endemic to the Black Sea Basin, known today only from the delta of the Dnieper River in the vicinity of Stanislav village and Dnieper-Bug liman (Ukraine). One shell was retrieved from late Holocene deposits of the Danube Delta.</p>Published as part of <i>Anistratenko, Vitaliy V., Neubauer, Thomas A., Anistratenko, Olga Yu., Kijashko, Pavel V. & Wesselingh, Frank P., 2021, A revision of the Pontocaspian gastropods of the subfamily Caspiinae (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae), pp. 151-197 in Zootaxa 4933 (2)</i> on pages 184-185, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.2.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4550146">http://zenodo.org/record/4550146</a&gt

Laevicaspia derzhavini Anistratenko & Neubauer & Anistratenko & Kijashko & Wesselingh 2021, comb. n.

<i>Laevicaspia derzhavini</i> (Logvinenko & Starobogatov, 1969) comb. n. <p>Fig. 19 f–h</p> <p> <i>Pyrgula</i> (<i>Ulskia</i>) <i>derzhavini</i> Logv. et Star. — Logvinenko & Starobogatov 1969: 379, fig. 367(9).</p> <p> <i>Pyrgula derzhavini</i> Logvinenko et Starobogatov, 1968 — Kantor & Sysoev 2006: 99, pl. 45, fig. J.</p> <p> ? <i>Ulskia derzhavini</i> (Logvinenko & Starobogatov, 1969) — Wesselingh <i>et al</i>. 2019: 73.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Kantor & Sysoev (2006: 99) stated that in ZIN no identified material of this species is found. We detected a lot in the ZIN collection of Starobogatov with six specimens and determined as “ <i>Caspia derzhavini</i> ”. Since this material is a single lot that was labelled by Starobogatov himself it is very likely the type material.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Caspian Sea, probably near Cheleken Peninsula (Table 1, locality 21).</p> <p> <b>Other material.</b> None.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The shells of this species have a very slender elongate shape, and the protoconch ornamentation differs largely of that found in Caspiinae, showing irregular spiral threads on a smooth surface. Shape and protoconch features strongly remind of <i>Laevicaspia</i> (Neubauer <i>et al</i>. 2018). The small size and the short shell with only about five whorls suggest <i>L. derzhavini</i> is a juvenile <i>Laevicaspia</i>, and it might well be a synonym of a previously described <i>Laevicaspia</i> species. This problem cannot be properly solved from the material available for the species, which is why we consider <i>L. derzhavini</i> as a nomen dubium.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Middle and South Caspian Sea, 45–81 m (Logvinenko & Starobogatov 1969). Tarasov (1996b) mentioned the species from 311– 870 m.</p>Published as part of <i>Anistratenko, Vitaliy V., Neubauer, Thomas A., Anistratenko, Olga Yu., Kijashko, Pavel V. & Wesselingh, Frank P., 2021, A revision of the Pontocaspian gastropods of the subfamily Caspiinae (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae), pp. 151-197 in Zootaxa 4933 (2)</i> on page 186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.2.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4550146">http://zenodo.org/record/4550146</a&gt

Clathrocaspia knipowitschii subsp. aluschtensis

† <i>Clathrocaspia knipowitschii aluschtensis</i> (Golikov & Starobogatov, 1966) comb. n. <p>Fig. 13e</p> <p> <i>Pyrgula</i> (<i>Caspia</i>) <i>gmelini</i> [sic] <i>aluschtensis</i> subsp. n.— Golikov & Starobogatov 1966: 354, fig. 1(8).</p> <p> <i>C.</i> [<i>aspia</i>] <i>gmelini</i> [sic] <i>aluschtensis</i> (Golikov et Starobogatov, 1966)— Golikov & Starobogatov 1972: 100, pl. 2, fig. 19. <i>C.</i> [<i>aspia</i>] (<i>Cl.</i> [<i>athrocaspia</i>]) <i>makarovi aluschtensis</i> (Gol. et St.)— Alexenko & Starobogatov 1987: 32–33, 37.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype (ZIN 4438 /1) and 18 paratypes (ZIN 4439 /2–4443/6). Collected by S.A. Zernov in 15/08– 15/09/1909, steamship “Meotida”.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Black Sea, offshore of Crimea near Alushta (Table 1, locality 29). The material comes from phaseoline silts, which typically contain reworked Neoeuxinian (Late Pleistocene) shells (Wesselingh <i>et al</i>. 2019). The preservation of the type material is typical for this kind of reworked material (pers. obs. F.P.W. 06/2020). Likely, the subspecies is an extinct Late Pleistocene lineage of <i>C. knipowitschii</i>.</p> <p> <b>Other material.</b> None.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Slender shell with five low convex whorls. Shell surface poorly preserved, only traces of reticulate sculpture are visible. Aperture ovoid, adjoined, leaving no umbilicus. Base steep.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Originally this taxon was described as the Black Sea’s fossil subspecies of <i>Clathrocaspia gmelinii</i>, but later Alexenko & Starobogatov (1987) considered it to belong as subspecies in <i>Clathrocaspia makarovi</i>, based on the co-occurrence of that species in the Azov-Black Sea Basin. Kantor & Sysoev (2006: 88) went a step further and listed <i>aluschtensis</i> as a synonym of <i>makarovi</i>. The holotype (Fig. 13e), which is illustrated here for the first time, indeed shows a close resemblance to the type of <i>Clathrocaspia makarovi</i> (= <i>knipowitschii</i>; Fig. 13f) but differs by a slightly more slender shell and more flattened whorls. Given the differences in morphology and stratigraphy, we consider <i>aluschtensis</i> as an extinct subspecies of <i>C. knipowitschii</i> that inhabited the Black Sea during the Holocene.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Known only from the type locality/stratum.</p>Published as part of <i>Anistratenko, Vitaliy V., Neubauer, Thomas A., Anistratenko, Olga Yu., Kijashko, Pavel V. & Wesselingh, Frank P., 2021, A revision of the Pontocaspian gastropods of the subfamily Caspiinae (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae), pp. 151-197 in Zootaxa 4933 (2)</i> on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4933.2.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4550146">http://zenodo.org/record/4550146</a&gt