FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MENDUKUNG KEBERADAAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DI KOTA TANGERANG

Ruang terbuka hijau menjadi bagian yang sangat penting di kota besar. Keberadaannya dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mendukung keberadaan RTH di Kota Tangerang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara terstruktur dan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masing-masing SKPD telah memahami tupoksi dan SOP yang harus dijalankan, komunikasi antar pihak pun telah berjalan cukup baik. Dalam rangka pemenuhan kapasitas SDM, Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kota Tangerang melakukan kegiatan pelatihan bagi polisi taman dalam kurun waktu tertentu. Namun demikian, pada masa pandemi terjadi penundaan pembangunan RTH oleh karena adanya pemotongan anggaran sebesar 50% dari pemerintah. Pengurangan anggaran ini juga berdampak pada beberapa fasilitas RTH yang rusak dan kurang terawat. Hingga kini, belum ada aturan bagi para perusak fasilitas RTH seperti kegiatan vandalism. Oleh sebab itu, sosialisasi perlu dilakukan kepada masyarakat guna mewujudkan kesadaran bersama akan pentingnya menjaga lingkungan RTH di Kota Tangerang

Synthesis of Biodiesel via Interesterification Reaction of <i>Calophyllum inophyllum</i> Seed Oil and Ethyl Acetate over Lipase Catalyst: Experimental and Surface Response Methodology Analysis

Biodiesel is increasingly being considered as an alternative to the fossil fuel as it is renewable, nontoxic, biodegradable, and feasible for mass production. Biodiesel can be produced from various types of vegetable oils. Calophyllum inophyllum seed oil (CSO) is among the prospective nonedible vegetable oils considered as a raw material for biodiesel synthesis. The most common process of the biodiesel manufacturing is the transesterification of vegetable oils which results in glycerol as a by-product. Thus, product purification is necessary. In this work, an alternative route to biodiesel synthesis through interesterification reaction of vegetable oil and ethyl acetate was conducted. By replacing alcohol with ethyl acetate, triacetin was produced as a side product rather than glycerol. Triacetin can be used as a fuel additive to increase the octane number of the fuel. Therefore, triacetin separation from biodiesel products is needless. The interesterification reaction is catalyzed by an alkaline catalyst or by a lipase enzyme. In this study, biodiesel synthesis was carried out using a lipase enzyme since it is a green and sustainable catalyst. The interesterification reaction of CSO with ethyl acetate in the presence of a lipase catalyst was conducted using the molar ratio of CSO and ethyl acetate of 1:3. The reaction time, lipase catalyst concentration, and reaction temperature were varied at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h, 10%,15%, 20%, and 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, respectively. The experimental results were also analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM) with the Box–Behnken design (BBD) model on Design Expert software. Data processing using RSM revealed that the highest conversion within the studied parameter range was 41.46%, obtained at a temperature reaction of 44.43 °C, a reaction time of 5 h, and a lipase catalyst concentration of 20%