Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for gastrointestinal cancers in appendectomy patients, stratified by duration of follow-up.

<p>Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for gastrointestinal cancers in appendectomy patients, stratified by duration of follow-up.</p

Description of appendectomies in Sweden during 1970–2009, grouped by underlying diagnoses.

<p>Description of appendectomies in Sweden during 1970–2009, grouped by underlying diagnoses.</p

The secular trends in age-standardized incidence of appendectomy among men and women, stratified by discharge diagnosis.

<p>Panel A. the secular trends in age-standardized incidence of appendectomy among men, stratified by discharge diagnosis; Panel B. the secular trends in age-standardized incidence of appendectomy among women, stratified by discharge diagnosis.</p

The age-standardized incidence of appendectomy in Sweden, during 1987–2009 (n = 269,185).

<p>Panel A. the age-standardized incidence of appendectomy over years among overall population; Panel B. the age-standardized incidence of appendectomy over years, stratified by sex; Panel C. the age-standardized incidence of appendectomy over years, stratified by age group; Panel D. the age-standardized incidence of appendectomy over years, stratified by discharge diagnosis.</p

Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for gastrointestinal cancers in appendectomy patients with different discharge diagnoses.

<p>Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for gastrointestinal cancers in appendectomy patients with different discharge diagnoses.</p

Distributions of cases and controls from the Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology study and associations of lung cancer with lung disease diagnosed at least one year prior, stratified by time since diagnosis of lung disease (latency).

*<p>OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval. Adjusted for study age, gender, region, pack-years, amount of cigarette smoking, bronchitis (unless main effect or COPD), emphysema (unless main effect or COPD), and pneumonia.</p>†<p>Does not sum to total due to missing values in multivariate analysis.</p>‡<p>COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema).</p>∥<p>OR for females with asthma diagnosed 1–5 years prior  = 0.50 (95% CI = 0.09–2.9) and for asthma diagnosed >5 years prior  = 1.7 (95% CI = 0.75–4.0, LRT p-value  = 0.4).</p

Associations of lung cancer with lung disease diagnosed at least one year prior and lung cancer in the Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology case-control study restricted to current smokers (968 cases, 524 controls) and stratified by smoking status (tertiles among controls).

*<p>OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval. Adjusted for study age, sex, region, bronchitis (unless main effect or COPD), emphysema (unless main effect or COPD), pneumonia, pack-years, and amount of cigarette smoking (average packs/day).</p>†<p>LRT = likelihood ratio test, using continuous smoking variables.</p>‡<p>COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema).</p

Associations of lung cancer with lung disease diagnosed at least one year prior in the Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology case-control study.

*<p>OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval. Adjusted for study age, sex, and region.</p>†<p>OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval. Adjusted for study age, sex, region, pack-years, amount of cigarette smoking (average packs/day), bronchitis (unless main effect or COPD), emphysema (unless main effect or COPD), and pneumonia.</p>‡<p>COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema).</p

Distribution of cases and controls in the Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology study who provided data on chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or asthma diagnosed at least one year prior to study entry.

*<p>Does not sum to total due to missing values.</p>†<p>COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema).</p

Associations between self-reported diabetes and 78 circulating markers of inflammation, immunity, and metabolism among adults in the United States

<div><p>Inflammation is increasingly thought to be associated with diabetes; however, only a few inflammation markers have been assessed concurrently in relation to history of diabetes. In the most comprehensive evaluation of inflammation markers and diabetes to date using a Luminex bead-based assay, we measured 78 inflammation-, immune-, and metabolic-related markers detectable in at least 10% of serum samples collected from participants from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) screening trial (n = 1,814). At baseline, 6.6% (n = 120) of PLCO participants self-reported a history of diabetes. Cross-sectional associations between these markers and self-reported diabetes were assessed using weighted logistic regression adjusting for sex, smoking status, blood draw age and year, body mass index, and cohort sub-study. Including chemokines [C-C motif ligand (CCL) 19, CCL20, CCL21, C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL) 6, CXCL10, and CXCL11] and soluble cytokine and chemokine receptors [soluble (s) interleukin (IL) 6 receptor (R), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR) 1, sTNFR2, and sIL-R2], ten inflammation-related markers, were nominally associated with diabetes (<i>P</i><0.05). In addition to these associations, higher levels of insulin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and pancreatic polypeptide remained significantly associated with self-reported diabetes with a false discovery rate <5%, indicating that the assay was able to detect markers associated with diabetes. In summary, self-reported diabetes was nominally associated with circulating cytokines, chemokines, and soluble cytokine and chemokine receptors in the most expansive examination of diabetes and inflammation- and immune-related markers to date. These results highlight the need to explore in future prospective studies the role of inflammation markers in diabetes.</p></div