Comercio y crecimiento económico inclusivo: China y América Latina (2004-2021)

China has consolidated itself as a global economic power, and its growth has been remarkable. China’s economic influence in Latin America has significantly increased, and the country has become one of the region’s most important and relevant trade partners. Therefore, the trade relations between Latin America and China are considered “strategic.” In this context, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between international trade with China and inclusive economic growth in Latin America from 2004 to 2021, using data from 13 countries in the region (Uruguay, Peru, Paraguay, Panama, Mexico, El Salvador, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Colombia, Chile, Brazil, Bolivia, and Argentina). Our research is quantitative in nature, with a non-experimental design and a correlational scope. The econometric model used panel data and the Newey-West estimator to account for first-order autocorrelation in the error. The results indicate a statistically significant and negative relationship between Latin American exports to China, which has a 10% impact on inclusive economic growth. Similarly, imports from China to Latin America show a statistically significant and negative relationship of 5% with inclusive economic growth. However, no discernible evidence was found to support a relationship between China’s foreign direct investment (FDI) in Latin American countries and inclusive economic growth.China se ha consolidado como una potencia global y su crecimiento ha sido notable. La influencia económica china en América Latina ha aumentado significativamente y el país es uno de los aliados comerciales más relevantes de la región. Por lo tanto, la relación comercial entre América Latina y China es estratégico. En este contexto, el estudio tiene como propósito analizar la relación entre el comercio internacional con China y el crecimiento económico inclusivo en América Latina entre 2004 y 2021, utilizando datos de 13 países de la región (Uruguay, Perú, Paraguay, Panamá, México, El Salvador, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Colombia, Chile, Brasil, Bolivia y Argentina). Nuestra investigación es de naturaleza cuantitativa, su diseño es no experimental y su alcance es correlacional. El modelo econométrico utilizado empleó datos de panel y el estimador Newey-West para tener en cuenta la autocorrelación de primer orden en el error. Los resultados indican una relación estadísticamente significativa y negativa entre las exportaciones latinoamericanas hacia China, lo cual tiene un impacto del 10 % en el crecimiento económico inclusivo. De manera similar, las importaciones desde China hacia América Latina muestran una relación estadísticamente significativa y negativa del 5 % con el crecimiento económico inclusivo. No se identificó evidencia que respalde una relación entre la inversión extranjera directa (IED) china en los países latinoamericanos y el crecimiento económico inclusiv

Comercio y crecimiento económico inclusivo: China y América Latina (2004-2021)

China se ha consolidado como una potencia global y su crecimiento ha sido notable. La influencia económica china en América Latina ha aumentado significativamente y el país es uno de los aliados comerciales más relevantes de la región. Por lo tanto, la relación comercial entre América Latina y China es estratégico. En este contexto, el estudio tiene como propósito analizar la relación entre el comercio internacional con China y el crecimiento económico inclusivo en América Latina entre 2004 y 2021, utilizando datos de 13 países de la región (Uruguay, Perú, Paraguay, Panamá, México, El Salvador, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Colombia, Chile, Brasil, Bolivia y Argentina). Nuestra investigación es de naturaleza cuantitativa, su diseño es no experimental y su alcance es correlacional. El modelo econométrico utilizado empleó datos de panel y el estimador Newey-West para tener en cuenta la autocorrelación de primer orden en el error. Los resultados indican una relación estadísticamente significativa y negativa entre las exportaciones latinoamericanas hacia China, lo cual tiene un impacto del 10 % en el crecimiento económico inclusivo. De manera similar, las importaciones desde China hacia América Latina muestran una relación estadísticamente significativa y negativa del 5 % con el crecimiento económico inclusivo. No se identificó evidencia que respalde una relación entre la inversión extranjera directa (IED) china en los países latinoamericanos y el crecimiento económico inclusivo.//China has consolidated itself as a global economic power, and its growth has been remarkable. China’s economic influence in Latin America has significantly increased, and the country has become one of the region’s most important and relevant trade partners. Therefore, the trade relations between Latin America and China are considered “strategic.” In this context, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between international trade with China and inclusive economic growth in Latin America from 2004 to 2021, using data from 13 countries in the region (Uruguay, Peru, Paraguay, Panama, Mexico, El Salvador, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Colombia, Chile, Brazil, Bolivia, and Argentina). Our research is quantitative in nature, with a non-experimental design and a correlational scope. The econometric model used panel data and the Newey-West estimator to account for first-order autocorrelation in the error. The results indicate a statistically significant and negative relationship between Latin American exports to China, which has a 10% impact on inclusive economic growth. Similarly, imports from China to Latin America show a statistically significant and negative relationship of 5% with inclusive economic growth. However, no discernible evidence was found to support a relationship between China’s foreign direct investment (FDI) in Latin American countries and inclusive economic growth

Determinants of credit risk: a multiple linear regression analysis of Peruvian municipal savings banks

In order to identify the determinants that influence the credit risk of Peruvian municipal savings banks, this quantitative research uses a nonexperimental design and a longitudinal sample to analyze monthly data corresponding to macroeconomic variables and microfinance institutions? internal variables from 2011 to 2020. Using multiple linear regression, the results show that the interest rate, unemployment rate, and liquidity ratio positively influence the credit risk of Peruvian municipal savings banks; the study also shows that gross domestic product, efficiency of administrative expenses, solvency, and coverage of provisions exert a negative influence on credit risk. It is concluded that seven of the eight independent variables studied influence the credit risk of Peruvian municipal savings banks; only the inflation variable does not significantly influence credit risk

Peru-China international trade and its effect on inclusive economic growth in Peru 2000-2019

From 2000 to 2019, trade between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Peru grew at an average annual rate of 22%, however, income and wealth inequality in Peru remained the same. The aim of this study is to understand the effect of trade between Peru and China on the inclusive economic growth of Peru from 2000 to 2019. The method used was the correlation of variables, and a linear regression between Peru and China trade and several indicators of inclusive economic growth in the Peruvian economy was performed using the Ordinary Least Squares model. The results suggest that there is sufficient statistical evidence to support that inclusive economic growth may depend on increased trade between Peru and China; the study show that if trade growth between Peru and China fluctuates by $1 million per year, labor income will increase by$10.3 per capita in the Economically Active Population (EAP). Moreover, for every 1% increase in trade between Peru and China, GDP per capita increases by 0.1057% and labor productivity increases by 0.0681740%. The variables poverty, vulnerable employment, GINI index and life expectancy at birth were not significant factors