Роботизированные пожарные системы для защиты объектов с массовым пребыванием людей

В статье показано значение автоматизированных систем пожаротушения на базе пожарных роботов для защиты объектов с массовым пребыванием людей, рассмотрена их функциональная схема, проанализированы их достоинства, представлена нормативно-правовая база применения пожарных роботов

Программное обеспечение для определения, построения и визуализации двухмерной и трехмерной графики

Работа направлена на создание библиотеки для работы с двухмерной и трехмернйой графикой и программного обеспечения, которое будет использовать данную библиотеку для трехмерной и двухмерной визуализации структуры проектов организации.The work is aimed at creating the software library for working with two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphics and software that will use this library for three-dimensional and two-dimensional visualization of the structure of the organization's projects

Численное моделирование влияния радиационного теплопереноса в микросферах тонкопленочных теплоизоляционных покрытий на тепловые потери теплопроводов

Объектом исследования является нанесенный на трубопровод слой сверхтонкой теплоизоляции толщиной 0,33 мм, предполагалось что слой состоит из связующего вещества заполненного микросферами с соотношением 38:62. Моделирование проводилось для микросфер с двумя значениями толщины стенки. Цель работы – моделирование влияния радиационного теплопереноса в микросферах тонкопленочных теплоизоляционных покрытий на тепловые потери теплопроводов. В ходе исследования с помощью функций и средств, имеющихся в пакете программ мультифизического моделирования COMSOL Multiphisics, было проведено моделирование тепловых режимов слоя изоляции.The object of the study is a layer of ultra-thin thermal insulation applied to the pipeline with a thickness of 0.33 mm. it was assumed that the layer consists of a binder filled with microspheres with a ratio of 38:62. The simulation was performed for microspheres with two values of wall thickness. The aim of this work is to model the effect of radiation heat transfer in microspheres of thin-film thermal insulation coatings on heat losses of heat pipelines. In the course of the study, the thermal modes of the insulation layer were simulated using the functions and tools available in the COMSOL Multiphisics multiphysics software package

Social factors influencing child health in Ghana

Objectives Social factors have profound effects on health. Children are especially vulnerable to social influences, particularly in their early years. Adverse social exposures in childhood can lead to chronic disorders later in life. Here, we sought to identify and evaluate the impact of social factors on child health in Ghana. As Ghana is unlikely to achieve the Millennium Development Goals’ target of reducing child mortality by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015, we deemed it necessary to identify social determinants that might have contributed to the non-realisation of this goal. Methods ScienceDirect, PubMed, MEDLINE via EBSCO and Google Scholar were searched for published articles reporting on the influence of social factors on child health in Ghana. After screening the 98 articles identified, 34 of them that met our inclusion criteria were selected for qualitative review. Results Major social factors influencing child health in the country include maternal education, rural-urban disparities (place of residence), family income (wealth/poverty) and high dependency (multiparousity). These factors are associated with child mortality, nutritional status of children, completion of immunisation programmes, health-seeking behaviour and hygiene practices. Conclusions Several social factors influence child health outcomes in Ghana. Developing more effective responses to these social determinants would require sustainable efforts from all stakeholders including the Government, healthcare providers and families. We recommend the development of interventions that would support families through direct social support initiatives aimed at alleviating poverty and inequality, and indirect approaches targeted at eliminating the dependence of poor health outcomes on social factors. Importantly, the expansion of quality free education interventions to improve would-be-mother’s health knowledge is emphasised

Requirements for cleavage and function of the transmembrane chemokine fractalkine/CX3CL1

Leukocytes are recruited from the blood vessel wall towards the inflamed tissue. This process occurs in multiple steps and is regulated in part by chemokines. Among the large family of chemokines that mediate directional cell migration an unusual member the CX3CL1 (fractalkine) is described existing as a transmembrane and a soluble molecule. The generation of this soluble CX3CL1 molecule occurs upon ectodomain shedding by metalloproteinases, in particular by ADAM10. By binding to the receptor CX3CR1 the transmembrane CX3CL1 mediates adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes subpopulations. Up to date, it is not clear how ADAM10 contributes to the function of mouse CX3CL1. The goal of this thesis was to characterise the molecular determinants of mouse CX3CL1 for shedding and function of this molecule. Results of this study demonstrated that mouse CX3CL1 is predominately shed by ADAM10-dependent mechanisms as shown by pharmacological inhibition and transcriptional silencing. As described for human CX3CL1, shedding of mouse CX3CL1 is enhanced by ionomycin treatment, which also involves ADAM10-activity. Deletion and replacement of the cleavage region of mouse CX3CL1 could not further abrogate its release suggesting that other domains of mouse CX3CL1 may influence this process. And indeed, release of mouse CX3CL1 was found to be further influenced by the chemokine domain and also the cytoplasmic tail. However, truncation of the cytoplasmic tail led also to impaired cellular trafficking. In fact, when wt mouse CX3CL1 and the truncated variant were sufficiently expressed on the cell surface, both were still shed. Additionally, adhesion and transmigration experiments with human PBMCs revealed that the truncation did not affect the function of the transmembrane mouse CX3CL1 as an adhesion and a transmigration molecule. This latter finding suggests that potential signalling events induced by the cytoplasmic tail of CX3CL1 are not involved in the recruitment of leukocytes to the inflamed tissue. This work indicates that multiple molecular determinants within mouse CX3CL1 influence its shedding via ADAM10, suggesting that exchange of several domains of mouse CX3CL1 cannot completely prevent its shedding. The cytoplasmic tail of mouse CX3CL1 appears to be relevant for correct trafficking of mouse CX3CL1 but neither for shedding, adhesion or transmigration. Nevertheless, shedding of CX3CL1 by ADAM10 and ADAM17 could still represent a crucial step within the leukocyte recruitment process in developing vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis

Requirements for cleavage and function of the transmembrane chemokine fractalkine/CX3CL1

Leukocytes are recruited from the blood vessel wall towards the inflamed tissue. This process occurs in multiple steps and is regulated in part by chemokines. Among the large family of chemokines that mediate directional cell migration an unusual member the CX3CL1 (fractalkine) is described existing as a transmembrane and a soluble molecule. The generation of this soluble CX3CL1 molecule occurs upon ectodomain shedding by metalloproteinases, in particular by ADAM10. By binding to the receptor CX3CR1 the transmembrane CX3CL1 mediates adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes subpopulations. Up to date, it is not clear how ADAM10 contributes to the function of mouse CX3CL1. The goal of this thesis was to characterise the molecular determinants of mouse CX3CL1 for shedding and function of this molecule. Results of this study demonstrated that mouse CX3CL1 is predominately shed by ADAM10-dependent mechanisms as shown by pharmacological inhibition and transcriptional silencing. As described for human CX3CL1, shedding of mouse CX3CL1 is enhanced by ionomycin treatment, which also involves ADAM10-activity. Deletion and replacement of the cleavage region of mouse CX3CL1 could not further abrogate its release suggesting that other domains of mouse CX3CL1 may influence this process. And indeed, release of mouse CX3CL1 was found to be further influenced by the chemokine domain and also the cytoplasmic tail. However, truncation of the cytoplasmic tail led also to impaired cellular trafficking. In fact, when wt mouse CX3CL1 and the truncated variant were sufficiently expressed on the cell surface, both were still shed. Additionally, adhesion and transmigration experiments with human PBMCs revealed that the truncation did not affect the function of the transmembrane mouse CX3CL1 as an adhesion and a transmigration molecule. This latter finding suggests that potential signalling events induced by the cytoplasmic tail of CX3CL1 are not involved in the recruitment of leukocytes to the inflamed tissue. This work indicates that multiple molecular determinants within mouse CX3CL1 influence its shedding via ADAM10, suggesting that exchange of several domains of mouse CX3CL1 cannot completely prevent its shedding. The cytoplasmic tail of mouse CX3CL1 appears to be relevant for correct trafficking of mouse CX3CL1 but neither for shedding, adhesion or transmigration. Nevertheless, shedding of CX3CL1 by ADAM10 and ADAM17 could still represent a crucial step within the leukocyte recruitment process in developing vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis

Утилизация дренажных вод на полигоне твердых бытовых отходов в связи с выводом его из эксплуатации (г. Томск)

Объектом исследования является полигон твердых бытовых отходов г. Томска. Цель работы – обоснование инженерных мероприятий по устранению очага загрязнения подземных вод в составе комплекса работ по рекультивации участка размещения полигона твёрдых бытовых отходов. Данные о геологическом строении и гидрогеологических условиях участка получены из технического отчета по инженерно-геологическим изысканиям "Рекультивация (восстановление) нарушенных земель занятых отходами на полигоне размещения отходов" выполненных ООО "Группа 72". В процессе выполнения работы были получены оценки расхода, которые могут быть использованы в качестве исходных данных для проектирования эффективной работы дренажной системы.The object of the study is a solid waste landfill in Tomsk. The purpose of the work is the justification of engineering measures to eliminate the source of groundwater pollution as part of a complex of works for reclamation of the landfill site for solid household waste. Data on the geological structure and hydrogeological conditions of the site were obtained from the technical report on engineering and geological surveys "Reclamation (restoration) of disturbed lands occupied by waste at the landfill site" performed by "Group 72". In the course of the work, flow estimates were obtained that can be used as input data for designing the effective operation of the drainage system