22 research outputs found

    On parasite fauna of the European beaver

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    The purpose of the research is identification of the current parasitological situation for Eurasian beavers inhabiting the Central Russia.Materials and methods. The work was carried out on hunting farms and in specially protected areas of the Central Russia. Potentially infective material was collected, recorded and preserved from animals during 2015–2021. The age of the animals was determined by their weight and physiological state of the rodents’ teeth and internal organs, and the sex was determined by their genitals. The animals were examined according to the method of complete and partial helminthological dissection per Skryabin.Results and discussion. A total of 41 animals were examined. Three forms of parasitism on animals were identified in natural habitat, namely, the trematode Stichorchis subtriquetrus, the nematode Travassosius rufus, and the ectoparasite Platypsyllus castoris. The stichorchosis causative agent localized in the animal’s large intestine was diagnosed in 35 rodents (85.4%). The helminth infection was 96% in the Eurasian beaver and 68.7% in the Canadian beaver. The nematode infection in stomach was detected in 31 animals (75.6%). The infection by T. rufus was 88% in the Eurasian beaver, and 56.3% in the Canadian beaver. The infected animals were delivered from the Vladimir, Moscow, Ryazan, Tula and Yaroslavl Regions. The beaver beetle P. castoris was found in 6 animals (14.6%). The infection rate was 8% in the Eurasian beaver, and 25% in the Canadian beaver. Animals with wingless arthropods have been identified in the Moscow and Ryazan Regions

    Influence of intensity of infection on morphological characteristics of <i>Trichinella spiralis</i> larvae at experimental infection of white rats and their distribution in muscles

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    The purpose of the research is to study the morphological changes in the capsules of Trichinella spiralis larvae and their distribution in muscles.Materials and methods. In the experiment, 12 white rats were used, divided into 3 groups of 4 animals each. Rats of the first group were infected with T. spiralis larvae at a dose of 5 larvae per 1 g of body weight, the second – at a dose of 40 larvae per 1 g, rats of the 3rd group served as control and were not infected. The selective dispersal of larvae was studied by determining the intensity of infection in post-mortem studies of the main muscle groups of the animal and measuring the capsules of larvae in different muscle groups.Results and discussion. In the entire muscle mass, 45Β±10 T. spiralis larvae/animal were found in the 1st group, in the 2nd group the number of larvae was 2250Β±180, in the control group no T. spiralis larvae were found. It has been established that the distribution of T. spiralis larvae in the muscles of infected animals depends on the dose of infection: at low doses, the largest number was found in the gastrocnemius muscles and diaphragm, at high doses, the number of larvae in the muscles of the head sharply increases

    Antimitotic effects of <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> protoscolexes extract at administration to mice and their negative consequences for organism

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    The purpose of the research is studying of Cysticercus tenuicollis protoscolexes extract effects on cell division at different routes of administration to mice and evaluation of the associated negative effects.Materials and methods. C. tenuicollis were obtained from spontaneously infected sheep in Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. C. tenuicollis protoscolexes were washed, crushed and homogenized. Protein extraction was performed with phosphate buffered saline pH 7.2–7.4. C. tenuicollis extract was administered intraperitoneally and intravenously to mice males at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg protein/animal. The control group of mice was intravenously injected with 0.1 ml of saline. At hours 3; 6; 24 and 48 post extract administration mice were euthanized. Bone marrow samples were taken from experimental and control mice for preparation of microscopic preparations to assess mitotic activity in a given cell population. The mitotic index was determined, all stages of mitosis were recorded. At the above time points blood samples were taken from mice to determine the main hematological parameters post intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of C. tenuicollis extract. The main hematological parameters of mice were determined using hematological analyzer MicroCC-20 Plus (High Technology, Inc. (USA)); leukocyte formula – by the generally accepted method. Samples of liver, kidneys, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and testes were taken from experimental and control animals for macroscopic and microscopic studies.Results and discussion. C. tenuicollis protoscolices extract leads to inhibition of cell division in the population bone marrow and testes cells in mice when administered intravenously and intraperitoneally at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg/animal manifested in accumulation of metaphases and decrease of other stages. At both routes of administration a decrease in leukocyte counts was noted. The observed microscopic changes in testes, spleen and lymph nodes either reflect the consequences of extract antimitotic effect or the immune response to the administration of C. tenuicollis extract

    ВрихинСллоскопия Ρ‚ΡƒΡˆ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ…

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    The purpose of the research is analyze the localization of Trichinella sp. in animals muscle and to evaluate the methods of intravital and post-mortem diagnosis of trichinellosis in domestic, wild and game animals.Materials and methods. In order to prevent trichinellosis in human population and animals, life-time and post-mortem diagnosis methods for trichinellosis are widely used. Life-time diagnosis of trichinellosis is based on detection of specific antibodies in blood serum of sick animals. Modern immunological assays allow detecting specific antibodies (immunoglobulins J and M) at 10–12 days after infection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with fractionated antigen has the greatest real possibility of application for individual and mass seroepizootic studies of pigs and horses; ELISA is a highly sensitive and specific test. Veterinary and sanitary examination is conducted by methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and peptolysis (muscle tissue digested in artificial gastric juice). For the compression research method, in particular for pig carcasses, 2 samples of the diaphragmatic peduncles of 60 g each are taken. It is also possible to study samples from masticatory muscles, tongue, intercostal space or esophagus. Twelve sections are made from each sample (24 in total). A more sensitive and productive method is the digestion of muscle tissue using a set of diagnostic devices and instruments such as AVT. The method is based on peptolysis of crushed muscle tissue in technological reactors. Diagnosis of trichinellosis using such devices makes it possible to automate and mechanize all processes associated with the isolation of Trichinella larvae. The main application areas of the devices are meat processing factories, fur farms or veterinary and sanitary examination laboratories in the markets.Results and discussion. We presented data on the role of veterinary and sanitary examination for trichinellosis in susceptible animals as the core measure in the system of measures to prevent this infection. We analyzed indicators of diagnostic efficiency, performance and usability of methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and digestion of muscle tissue in artificial gastric juice. Factors of diagnostic efficiency, performance and usability of methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and digestion of muscle tissue in artificial gastric juice were analyzed. Information was given on localization of Trichinella larvae in various species of domestic and wild animals, optimal sampling sites and volumes of muscle tissue samples with the existing methods of examination for trichinellosis. To study fresh carcasses for trichinellosis at meat processing factories, the peptolysis method is recommended.ЦСль исслСдований – провСсти Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Trichinella sp. Π² ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†Π°Ρ… ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ послСубойной диагностики Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π° Ρƒ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ…, Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΈ промысловых ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ….ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π’ цСлях прСдупрСТдСния Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π° Ρƒ насСлСния ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈ послСубойной диагностики Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ диагностика Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π° основана Π½Π° выявлСнии спСцифичСских Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π» Π² сывороткС ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ…. Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ иммунологичСскиС Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ спСцифичСскиС Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π° (ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ J ΠΈ M) спустя 10–12 сут послС зараТСния. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΡƒΡŽ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ примСнСния для ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ массового сСроэпизоотичСского обслСдования свинСй ΠΈ лошадСй ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ иммунофСрмСнтная рСакция (ИЀР) с Ρ„Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ; ИЀР являСтся Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ спСцифичным тСстом. Π’Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-санитарная экспСртиза осущСствляСтся ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ компрСссорной трихинСллоскопии ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° (пСрСваривания ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² искусствСнном ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ сокС). Для компрСссорного ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° исслСдования, Π² частности Ρ‚ΡƒΡˆ свинСй, ΠΎΡ‚Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°ΡŽΡ‚ 2 ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ 60 Π³ каТдая ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΡ‹. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ исслСдованиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ± ΠΈΠ· ΠΆΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†, языка, ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡ€Π΅Π±Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Из ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ 12 срСзов (всСго 24). Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ являСтся ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ комплСкса диагностичСских устройств ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° АВВ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ основан Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡŒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² тСхнологичСских Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ…. Диагностика Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π· с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² позволяСт Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всС процСссы, связанныС с Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π». ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ области примСнСния Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² – ΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ прСдприятия, звСроводчСскиС хозяйства, Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ вСтсанэкспСртизы Π½Π° Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ°Ρ….Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ обсуТдСниС. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ-санитарной экспСртизы Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π· восприимчивых ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ основного мСроприятия Π² систСмС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ этой ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ диагностичСской эффСктивности, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ удобства Π² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² компрСссорной трихинСллоскопии ΠΈ пСрСваривания ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² искусствСнном ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ сокС. Π”Π°Π½Π° информация ΠΎ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π» Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… мСстах ΠΎΡ‚Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ… экспСртизы Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·. Для исслСдования свСТих Ρ‚ΡƒΡˆ Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π· Π² условиях ΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… прСдприятий рСкомСндуСтся ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°

    АнтимитотичСскиС эффСкты экстракта протосколСксов Cysticercus tenuicollis ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ послСдствия для ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°

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    The purpose of the research is studying of Cysticercus tenuicollis protoscolexes extract effects on cell division at different routes of administration to mice and evaluation of the associated negative effects.Materials and methods. C. tenuicollis were obtained from spontaneously infected sheep in Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. C. tenuicollis protoscolexes were washed, crushed and homogenized. Protein extraction was performed with phosphate buffered saline pH 7.2–7.4. C. tenuicollis extract was administered intraperitoneally and intravenously to mice males at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg protein/animal. The control group of mice was intravenously injected with 0.1 ml of saline. At hours 3; 6; 24 and 48 post extract administration mice were euthanized. Bone marrow samples were taken from experimental and control mice for preparation of microscopic preparations to assess mitotic activity in a given cell population. The mitotic index was determined, all stages of mitosis were recorded. At the above time points blood samples were taken from mice to determine the main hematological parameters post intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of C. tenuicollis extract. The main hematological parameters of mice were determined using hematological analyzer MicroCC-20 Plus (High Technology, Inc. (USA)); leukocyte formula – by the generally accepted method. Samples of liver, kidneys, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and testes were taken from experimental and control animals for macroscopic and microscopic studies.Results and discussion. C. tenuicollis protoscolices extract leads to inhibition of cell division in the population bone marrow and testes cells in mice when administered intravenously and intraperitoneally at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg/animal manifested in accumulation of metaphases and decrease of other stages. At both routes of administration a decrease in leukocyte counts was noted. The observed microscopic changes in testes, spleen and lymph nodes either reflect the consequences of extract antimitotic effect or the immune response to the administration of C. tenuicollis extract.ЦСль исслСдований – ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ влияниС экстракта протосколСксов Cysticercus tenuicollis Π½Π° Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… путях вСдСния ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ послСдствия для ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. C. tenuicollis ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ спонтанно ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ† Π² ΠšΠ°Π±Π°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-Балкарской РСспубликС. Для приготовлСния соматичСского экстракта ΠΈΠ· протосколСксов C. tenuicollis ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΡ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡŒΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ€Π³Π°Π»ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ЭкстрагированиС Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² осущСствляли фосфатно-солСвым Π±ΡƒΡ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ pH 7,2–7,4, Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ„ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ 15000 ΠΎΠ±/ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π² Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ„ΡƒΠ³Π΅. Экстракт C. tenuicollis Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ°ΠΌ-самцам массой 18–22 Π³ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 80 ΠΌΠΊΠ³ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°/ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅. ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ 0,1 ΠΌΠ» физиологичСского раствора. ΠœΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉ ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 3; 6; 24 ΠΈ 48 Ρ‡ послС ввСдСния исслСдуСмого ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. Π£ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Ρ‹ костного ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° для приготовлСния микроскопичСских ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ митотичСской активности Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ популяции ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ митотичСский индСкс, рСгистрировали всС стадии ΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ·Π°. Π’ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΊΠΈ с антикоагулянтом ΠΎΡ‚Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Ρ‹ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ для опрСдСлСния основных гСматологичСских ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉ послС Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ввСдСния экстракта C. tenuicollis. ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ пСрифСричСской ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉ опрСдСляли Π½Π° гСматологичСском Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π΅, Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒΠ»Ρƒ – общСпринятым ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Π£ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Π±ΠΈΡ€Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, сСлСзСнки, Π±Ρ€Ρ‹ΠΆΠ΅Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… лимфатичСских ΡƒΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ сСмСнников для макроскопичСских ΠΈ микроскопичСских исслСдований.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ обсуТдСниС. Экстракт протосколСксов C. tenuicollis ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π» ΠΊ ΡƒΠ³Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ дСлСния Π² популяции ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ костного ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° ΠΈ сСмСнников ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 80 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ с Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ„Π°Π· ΠΈ сниТСниСм Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… стадий. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ… путях ввСдСния ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ сниТСниС числа Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ микроскопичСскиС измСнСния Π² сСмСнниках, сСлСзСнкС ΠΈ лимфатичСских ΡƒΠ·Π»Π°Ρ… Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ послСдствия антимитотичСского дСйствия экстракта, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ экстракта C. tenuicollis

    ВлияниС интСнсивности ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° морфологичСскиС характСристики Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Trichinella spiralis ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»Ρ‹Ρ… крыс ΠΈ распрСдСлСниС ΠΈΡ… Π² ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†Π°Ρ…

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    The purpose of the research is to study the morphological changes in the capsules of Trichinella spiralis larvae and their distribution in muscles.Materials and methods. In the experiment, 12 white rats were used, divided into 3 groups of 4 animals each. Rats of the first group were infected with T. spiralis larvae at a dose of 5 larvae per 1 g of body weight, the second – at a dose of 40 larvae per 1 g, rats of the 3rd group served as control and were not infected. The selective dispersal of larvae was studied by determining the intensity of infection in post-mortem studies of the main muscle groups of the animal and measuring the capsules of larvae in different muscle groups.Results and discussion. In the entire muscle mass, 45Β±10 T. spiralis larvae/animal were found in the 1st group, in the 2nd group the number of larvae was 2250Β±180, in the control group no T. spiralis larvae were found. It has been established that the distribution of T. spiralis larvae in the muscles of infected animals depends on the dose of infection: at low doses, the largest number was found in the gastrocnemius muscles and diaphragm, at high doses, the number of larvae in the muscles of the head sharply increases.ЦСль исслСдований – ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ морфологичСских ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ капсул Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π» ΠΈ распрСдСлСниС ΠΈΡ… Π² ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†Π°Ρ….ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π’ экспСримСнтС использовали 12 Π±Π΅Π»Ρ‹Ρ… крыс, Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° 3 Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎ 4 ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ. ΠšΡ€Ρ‹Ρ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ Π·Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π» Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 5 Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π° 1 Π³ массы Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π°, Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ - Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 40 Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π° 1 Π³, крысы 3-ΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ слуТили ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΈ. Π‘Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ рассСлСниС Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ интСнсивности ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдованиях основных Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ† ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ измСрСния капсул Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ… ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ обсуТдСниС. Π’ΠΎ всСй ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ массС Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ 45Β±10 Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»/Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π² 1-ΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅, Π²ΠΎ 2-ΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ число Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ составило 2250Β±180, Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π» Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ. УстановлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ распрСдСлСниС Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ…ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π» Π² ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†Π°Ρ… Π·Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… зависит ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ зараТСния: ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ… наибольшСС число ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†Π°Ρ… ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ высоких Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΊΠΎ увСличиваСтся число Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†Π°Ρ… Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹

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    THE FERMI ENERGY OF Ni, Cr, Zn AND THE ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE TRIPLE ALLOYS ON THE BASE OF THESE METALS

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    It was established the correlation of the electrocatalytic activity of alloys Ni-Cr-Zn at the variable contents of zinc with values of Fermy energy of their components. Electrocatalytic activity of alloys was estimated by density of the current, determined by extrapolation of Tafel straight lines, constructed on the basis of polarizing curve alloys Ni-Cr-Zn investigated by the method of suspended half-element. For Fermy energy calculation of various metals Sommerfeld model, in which distribution of electrons by speed is described by Fermiβ€”Dirac statistic was used

    ЕНЕРГІЯ Π€Π•Π ΠœΠ† Ni, Ti, Nd ВА Π•Π›Π•ΠšΠ’Π ΠžΠšΠΠ’ΠΠ›Π†Π’Π˜Π§ΠΠ ΠΠšΠ’Π˜Π’ΠΠ†Π‘Π’Π¬ ΠŸΠžΠ’Π Π†Π™ΠΠ˜Π₯ Π‘ΠŸΠ›ΠΠ’Π†Π’ ЦИΠ₯ ΠœΠ•Π’ΠΠ›Π†Π’

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    It was established the dependence of the electrocatalytic activity of alloys Ni-Ti-Nd at the vari-able contents of Nd with values of Fermy energy of their components. Electrocatalytic activity of alloys was estimated by density of the current, determined by the method of suspended half-element. For Fermi energy calculation of various metals Sommerfeld model, in which distribution of electrons by speed is described by Fermi-Dirac statistic was used.ВстановлСно зв’язок Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— активності сплавів Ni-Ti-Nd Π·Π° Π·ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ вмісту Nd Π·Ρ– значСннями Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π³Ρ–Ρ— Π€Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΡ– Ρ—Ρ…Π½Ρ–Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π². Π•Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ сплавів ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π½ΡŽΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π·Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡŽ густини струму Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ суспСнзійного ΠΏΡ–Π²Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. Для Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡƒ Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π³Ρ–Ρ— Π€Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΡ– Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Ρ–Π² використовувалася модСль Π—ΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ„Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ΄Π°, Ρƒ якій Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π» Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² Π·Π° ΡˆΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡƒΡ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡŽ Π€Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΡ– β€” Π”Ρ–Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡƒ
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