22 research outputs found
On parasite fauna of the European beaver
The purpose of the research is identification of the current parasitological situation for Eurasian beavers inhabiting the Central Russia.Materials and methods. The work was carried out on hunting farms and in specially protected areas of the Central Russia. Potentially infective material was collected, recorded and preserved from animals during 2015β2021. The age of the animals was determined by their weight and physiological state of the rodentsβ teeth and internal organs, and the sex was determined by their genitals. The animals were examined according to the method of complete and partial helminthological dissection per Skryabin.Results and discussion. A total of 41 animals were examined. Three forms of parasitism on animals were identified in natural habitat, namely, the trematode Stichorchis subtriquetrus, the nematode Travassosius rufus, and the ectoparasite Platypsyllus castoris. The stichorchosis causative agent localized in the animalβs large intestine was diagnosed in 35 rodents (85.4%). The helminth infection was 96% in the Eurasian beaver and 68.7% in the Canadian beaver. The nematode infection in stomach was detected in 31 animals (75.6%). The infection by T. rufus was 88% in the Eurasian beaver, and 56.3% in the Canadian beaver. The infected animals were delivered from the Vladimir, Moscow, Ryazan, Tula and Yaroslavl Regions. The beaver beetle P. castoris was found in 6 animals (14.6%). The infection rate was 8% in the Eurasian beaver, and 25% in the Canadian beaver. Animals with wingless arthropods have been identified in the Moscow and Ryazan Regions
Influence of intensity of infection on morphological characteristics of <i>Trichinella spiralis</i> larvae at experimental infection of white rats and their distribution in muscles
The purpose of the research is to study the morphological changes in the capsules of Trichinella spiralis larvae and their distribution in muscles.Materials and methods. In the experiment, 12 white rats were used, divided into 3 groups of 4 animals each. Rats of the first group were infected with T. spiralis larvae at a dose of 5 larvae per 1 g of body weight, the second β at a dose of 40 larvae per 1 g, rats of the 3rd group served as control and were not infected. The selective dispersal of larvae was studied by determining the intensity of infection in post-mortem studies of the main muscle groups of the animal and measuring the capsules of larvae in different muscle groups.Results and discussion. In the entire muscle mass, 45Β±10 T. spiralis larvae/animal were found in the 1st group, in the 2nd group the number of larvae was 2250Β±180, in the control group no T. spiralis larvae were found. It has been established that the distribution of T. spiralis larvae in the muscles of infected animals depends on the dose of infection: at low doses, the largest number was found in the gastrocnemius muscles and diaphragm, at high doses, the number of larvae in the muscles of the head sharply increases
Antimitotic effects of <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> protoscolexes extract at administration to mice and their negative consequences for organism
The purpose of the research is studying of Cysticercus tenuicollis protoscolexes extract effects on cell division at different routes of administration to mice and evaluation of the associated negative effects.Materials and methods. C. tenuicollis were obtained from spontaneously infected sheep in Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. C. tenuicollis protoscolexes were washed, crushed and homogenized. Protein extraction was performed with phosphate buffered saline pH 7.2β7.4. C. tenuicollis extract was administered intraperitoneally and intravenously to mice males at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg protein/animal. The control group of mice was intravenously injected with 0.1 ml of saline. At hours 3; 6; 24 and 48 post extract administration mice were euthanized. Bone marrow samples were taken from experimental and control mice for preparation of microscopic preparations to assess mitotic activity in a given cell population. The mitotic index was determined, all stages of mitosis were recorded. At the above time points blood samples were taken from mice to determine the main hematological parameters post intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of C. tenuicollis extract. The main hematological parameters of mice were determined using hematological analyzer MicroCC-20 Plus (High Technology, Inc. (USA)); leukocyte formula β by the generally accepted method. Samples of liver, kidneys, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and testes were taken from experimental and control animals for macroscopic and microscopic studies.Results and discussion. C. tenuicollis protoscolices extract leads to inhibition of cell division in the population bone marrow and testes cells in mice when administered intravenously and intraperitoneally at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg/animal manifested in accumulation of metaphases and decrease of other stages. At both routes of administration a decrease in leukocyte counts was noted. The observed microscopic changes in testes, spleen and lymph nodes either reflect the consequences of extract antimitotic effect or the immune response to the administration of C. tenuicollis extract
Π’ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
The purpose of the research is analyze the localization of Trichinella sp. in animals muscle and to evaluate the methods of intravital and post-mortem diagnosis of trichinellosis in domestic, wild and game animals.Materials and methods. In order to prevent trichinellosis in human population and animals, life-time and post-mortem diagnosis methods for trichinellosis are widely used. Life-time diagnosis of trichinellosis is based on detection of specific antibodies in blood serum of sick animals. Modern immunological assays allow detecting specific antibodies (immunoglobulins J and M) at 10β12 days after infection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with fractionated antigen has the greatest real possibility of application for individual and mass seroepizootic studies of pigs and horses; ELISA is a highly sensitive and specific test. Veterinary and sanitary examination is conducted by methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and peptolysis (muscle tissue digested in artificial gastric juice). For the compression research method, in particular for pig carcasses, 2 samples of the diaphragmatic peduncles of 60 g each are taken. It is also possible to study samples from masticatory muscles, tongue, intercostal space or esophagus. Twelve sections are made from each sample (24 in total). A more sensitive and productive method is the digestion of muscle tissue using a set of diagnostic devices and instruments such as AVT. The method is based on peptolysis of crushed muscle tissue in technological reactors. Diagnosis of trichinellosis using such devices makes it possible to automate and mechanize all processes associated with the isolation of Trichinella larvae. The main application areas of the devices are meat processing factories, fur farms or veterinary and sanitary examination laboratories in the markets.Results and discussion. We presented data on the role of veterinary and sanitary examination for trichinellosis in susceptible animals as the core measure in the system of measures to prevent this infection. We analyzed indicators of diagnostic efficiency, performance and usability of methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and digestion of muscle tissue in artificial gastric juice. Factors of diagnostic efficiency, performance and usability of methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and digestion of muscle tissue in artificial gastric juice were analyzed. Information was given on localization of Trichinella larvae in various species of domestic and wild animals, optimal sampling sites and volumes of muscle tissue samples with the existing methods of examination for trichinellosis. To study fresh carcasses for trichinellosis at meat processing factories, the peptolysis method is recommended.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ β ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Trichinella sp. Π² ΠΌΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π° Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
, Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π° Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π°. ΠΡΠΈΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π» Π² ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π° (ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρ J ΠΈ M) ΡΠΏΡΡΡΡ 10β12 ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ (ΠΠ€Π ) Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ; ΠΠ€Π ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° (ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅). ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ 2 ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΏΠΎ 60 Π³ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΡ. ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± ΠΈΠ· ΠΆΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΡ, ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠ· ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ 12 ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ² (Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ 24). ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΠΠ’. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π· Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π». ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² β ΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ, Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°, Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ°Ρ
.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π· Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠΈΠΌΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π² ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠ°Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π» Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π·. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π΅Π· Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°
ΠΠ½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Cysticercus tenuicollis ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°
The purpose of the research is studying of Cysticercus tenuicollis protoscolexes extract effects on cell division at different routes of administration to mice and evaluation of the associated negative effects.Materials and methods. C. tenuicollis were obtained from spontaneously infected sheep in Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. C. tenuicollis protoscolexes were washed, crushed and homogenized. Protein extraction was performed with phosphate buffered saline pH 7.2β7.4. C. tenuicollis extract was administered intraperitoneally and intravenously to mice males at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg protein/animal. The control group of mice was intravenously injected with 0.1 ml of saline. At hours 3; 6; 24 and 48 post extract administration mice were euthanized. Bone marrow samples were taken from experimental and control mice for preparation of microscopic preparations to assess mitotic activity in a given cell population. The mitotic index was determined, all stages of mitosis were recorded. At the above time points blood samples were taken from mice to determine the main hematological parameters post intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of C. tenuicollis extract. The main hematological parameters of mice were determined using hematological analyzer MicroCC-20 Plus (High Technology, Inc. (USA)); leukocyte formula β by the generally accepted method. Samples of liver, kidneys, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and testes were taken from experimental and control animals for macroscopic and microscopic studies.Results and discussion. C. tenuicollis protoscolices extract leads to inhibition of cell division in the population bone marrow and testes cells in mice when administered intravenously and intraperitoneally at the dose level of 80 ΞΌg/animal manifested in accumulation of metaphases and decrease of other stages. At both routes of administration a decrease in leukocyte counts was noted. The observed microscopic changes in testes, spleen and lymph nodes either reflect the consequences of extract antimitotic effect or the immune response to the administration of C. tenuicollis extract.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ β ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Cysticercus tenuicollis Π½Π° Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΡΡ
Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. C. tenuicollis ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΠ°Π±Π°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΠ°Π»ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² C. tenuicollis ΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΡΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠΌ Π±ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ pH 7,2β7,4, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ 15000 ΠΎΠ±/ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ³Π΅. ΠΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡ C. tenuicollis Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΡΡΠ°ΠΌ-ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΉ 18β22 Π³ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 80 ΠΌΠΊΠ³ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°/ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ 0,1 ΠΌΠ» ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 3; 6; 24 ΠΈ 48 Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°. Π£ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ, ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π°. ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° C. tenuicollis. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ΅, Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»Ρ β ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. Π£ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ, ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ, Π±ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² C. tenuicollis ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π» ΠΊ ΡΠ³Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 80 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π· ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΡΡΡ
Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ·Π»Π°Ρ
Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° C. tenuicollis
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Trichinella spiralis ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΌΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
The purpose of the research is to study the morphological changes in the capsules of Trichinella spiralis larvae and their distribution in muscles.Materials and methods. In the experiment, 12 white rats were used, divided into 3 groups of 4 animals each. Rats of the first group were infected with T. spiralis larvae at a dose of 5 larvae per 1 g of body weight, the second β at a dose of 40 larvae per 1 g, rats of the 3rd group served as control and were not infected. The selective dispersal of larvae was studied by determining the intensity of infection in post-mortem studies of the main muscle groups of the animal and measuring the capsules of larvae in different muscle groups.Results and discussion. In the entire muscle mass, 45Β±10 T. spiralis larvae/animal were found in the 1st group, in the 2nd group the number of larvae was 2250Β±180, in the control group no T. spiralis larvae were found. It has been established that the distribution of T. spiralis larvae in the muscles of infected animals depends on the dose of infection: at low doses, the largest number was found in the gastrocnemius muscles and diaphragm, at high doses, the number of larvae in the muscles of the head sharply increases.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ β ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ» Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π» ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΌΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ 12 Π±Π΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° 3 Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΏΠΎ 4 ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π» Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 5 Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π° 1 Π³ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°, Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ - Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 40 Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π° 1 Π³, ΠΊΡΡΡΡ 3-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΈ. Π‘Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΠΌΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ» Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΡΡΡ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ 45Β±10 Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»/Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π² 1-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅, Π²ΠΎ 2-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 2250Β±180, Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π» Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π» Π² ΠΌΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΌΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ
ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ― Π€ΠΠ ΠΠ Ni, Ti, Nd Π’Π ΠΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ§ΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π¬ ΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠΠΠΠ₯ Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π¦ΠΠ₯ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ
ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΡΠ² Ni-Ti-Nd Π·Π° Π·ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΡΡΡΡ Nd Π·Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡ Π€Π΅ΡΠΌΡ ΡΡ
Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ². ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΡΠ² ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π·Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ Π³ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΌΡ Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ²Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΡ Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡ Π€Π΅ΡΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄Π°, Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ» Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Π·Π° ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ Π€Π΅ΡΠΌΡ β ΠΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡ
THE FERMI ENERGY OF Ni, Cr, Zn AND THE ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE TRIPLE ALLOYS ON THE BASE OF THESE METALS
It was established the correlation of the electrocatalytic activity of alloys Ni-Cr-Zn
at the variable contents of zinc with values of Fermy energy of their components.
Electrocatalytic activity of alloys was estimated by density of the current, determined
by extrapolation of Tafel straight lines, constructed on the basis of polarizing curve
alloys Ni-Cr-Zn investigated by the method of suspended half-element. For Fermy
energy calculation of various metals Sommerfeld model, in which distribution of
electrons by speed is described by FermiβDirac statistic was used
ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ― Π€ΠΠ ΠΠ Ni, Ti, Nd Π’Π ΠΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ§ΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π¬ ΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠΠΠΠ₯ Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π¦ΠΠ₯ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ
It was established the dependence of the electrocatalytic activity of alloys Ni-Ti-Nd at the vari-able contents of Nd with values of Fermy energy of their components. Electrocatalytic activity of alloys was estimated by density of the current, determined by the method of suspended half-element. For Fermi energy calculation of various metals Sommerfeld model, in which distribution of electrons by speed is described by Fermi-Dirac statistic was used.ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π²βΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΡΠ² Ni-Ti-Nd Π·Π° Π·ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΡΡΡΡ Nd Π·Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡ Π€Π΅ΡΠΌΡ ΡΡ
Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ². ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²ΡΠ² ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π·Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ Π³ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΌΡ Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ²Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΡ Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ³ΡΡ Π€Π΅ΡΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄Π°, Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ» Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Π·Π° ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ Π€Π΅ΡΠΌΡ β ΠΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡ