5 research outputs found
Impact of the global recession on financial and economic sustainability of industrial companies
South Ural State University is grateful for financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (grant No 26.9677.2017/ΠΠ ). The work was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract β 02.A03.21.0011.On the cusp of the 20th and 21st centuries it is extraordinary difficult to provide the stability of national economies due to globalisation effects. In fact, globalisation causes major interdependence between economies of different countries, therefore, their economic relations influence the world economic climate.
Countries develop strong business ties with their counterparts; national economies are integrated due to such factors as division of labour, internationalisation of monetary funds, scientific and technological progress, increasing degree of national economies openness and free trade. As a result, economies of different countries integrate into the worldwide reproduction process. International economic integration indicates a high development level of global economy.
However, since single countries become exposed and highly susceptible to changes in economies of other states, the external environment is implied to present a significant uncertainty for commercial operations in single countries. Hence, in order to provide a stable functioning of both individual businesses and national economies it is necessary to analyse macro- and microeconomic parameters carefully, identify consistent patterns and make relevant predictions aimed at preventive management. The present article will discuss these challenges.peer-reviewe
Implementation of controlling technologies as a method to increase sustainability of business activities
Purpose: We are currently facing that business environment is not stable due to globalisation processes in economics, cyclical changes and other disturbing factors. Hence, it is necessary to search such reserves that would improve efficiency of the business entity.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The main objective of these reserves is to buffer negative impacts of external disturbances on financial and economic sustainability of enterprises. One of methods designed to improve the enterprise efficiency involves application of controlling technologies.
Findings: In the present article the authors examine results of statistical analysis of economic performance of more than 70 Russian and foreign enterprises. The authors also analyse economic performance according to the authorsβ integral indicator that shows effectiveness of implementation of the controlling system.
Practical Implications: On the ground of this analysis, the authors determine the mean level of increase in efficiency of the enterprise's activity due to introduction of the controlling system.
Originality/Value: The analysis proves that, on average, efficiency of the economic entity's operation increases by about 17%.South Ural State University is grateful for financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (grant No 26.9677.2017/ΠΠ ). The work was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract β 02.A03.21.0011.peer-reviewe
Urban agglomerations in the regional development: theoretical, methodological and applied aspects
The article focuses on the analysis of the major process of modern socio-economic development, such as the functioning of urban agglomerations. A short background of the economic literature on this phenomenon is given. There are the traditional (the concentration of urban types of activities, the grouping of urban settlements by the intensive production and labour communications) and modern (cluster theories, theories of network society) conceptions. Two methodological principles of studying the agglomeration are emphasized: the principle of the unity of the spatial concentration of economic activity and the principle of compact living of the population. The positive and negative effects of agglomeration in the economic and social spheres are studied. Therefore, it is concluded that the agglomeration is helpful in the case when it brings the agglomerative economy (the positive bene ts from it exceed the additional costs). A methodology for examination the urban agglomeration and its role in the regional development is offered. The approbation of this methodology on the example of Chelyabinsk and Chelyabinsk region has allowed to carry out the comparative analysis of the regional centre and the whole region by the main socio-economic indexes under static and dynamic conditions, to draw the conclusions on a position of the city and the region based on such socio-economic indexes as an average monthly nominal accrued wage, the cost of fixed assets, the investments into fixed capital, new housing supply, a retail turnover, the volume of self-produced shipped goods, the works and services performed in the region. In the study, the analysis of a launching site of the Chelyabinsk agglomeration is carried out. It has revealed the following main characteristics of the core of the agglomeration in Chelyabinsk (structure feature, population, level of centralization of the core) as well as the Chelyabinsk agglomeration in general (coefficient of agglomeration, index of agglomeration, coefficient of the development of the population, growth rates of agglomeration). The analysis of the internal environment of the agglomeration has shown that the industry of the majority of the cities-satellites is unprofitable, the space of the urban agglomeration is very heterogeneous. The research proves that the creation of the agglomeration will allow to solve the problems of the production diversification at the territory, to perform the effective land use, to optimize transport and housing-and-municipal infrastructure
Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
ΠΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄, Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. Π£ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π³ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ β ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Β«Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΒ», ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π² ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ². Π ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅ 100 ΡΡΡ. ΡΠ΅Π». Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ 71 ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² 8 ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π²: ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ, ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ, Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ 171 Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π². Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π°Π·Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ². Π ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π²ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π°, Π‘Π°Π½ΠΊΡ-ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³, ΠΠ°Π»Π°ΡΠΈΡ
Π°, ΠΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
Π²ΡΠ²ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ β Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Β«Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΒ» ΠΈ Β«ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈΒ». ΠΠΆΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π Π€, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π³Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Β«Π£ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Β»
Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
ΠΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄, Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. Π£ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π³ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ β ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Β«Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΒ», ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π² ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ². Π ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅ 100 ΡΡΡ. ΡΠ΅Π». Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ 71 ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² 8 ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π²: ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ, ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ, Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ 171 Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π². Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π°Π·Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ². Π ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π²ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π°, Π‘Π°Π½ΠΊΡ-ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³, ΠΠ°Π»Π°ΡΠΈΡ
Π°, ΠΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
Π²ΡΠ²ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ β Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Β«Π³ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΒ» ΠΈ Β«ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈΒ». ΠΠΆΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π Π€, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π³Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Β«Π£ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Β»