Creation of a training and test dataset with the disposition and transposition of overlaying electrocardiographic electrodes when recording electrocardiograms-12

BACKGROUND: Electrocardiography is one of the simplest, most widely used, inexpensive, and informative methods in functional diagnostics; yet, if performed poorly, its diagnostic value is sharply reduced. Several attempts were made to systematize errors and deviations in electrode application, but all concerned the most common options (rearrangement of red and yellow electrodes, yellow and green electrodes, and chest electrodes above or below the standard scheme). AIM: To create an electrocardiogram dataset with different options for transpositions and dispositions of electrodes during electrocardiogram recording. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included patients aged 1875 years (27 males and 22 females). All patients provided informed consent for electrocardiogram registration. During one visit, the cardiogram was recorded on the device Modular system for recording and remote transmission of electrocardiograms (EASY ECG) for each patient. RESULTS: In all, 488 electrocardiograms were recorded in 49 patients. The results obtained indicate a significant variability of the electrocardiogram pattern. Visual analysis of the electrocardiograms revealed no difficulties in determining the transposition associated with rearranging the leads on the arms (RY) in the thoracic C1C2. The placement of thoracic electrodes in contact cheek-to-cheek dispositions with the transfer of thoracic leads above or below two intercostals was reliably determined compared with the Wilson scheme. The transpositions of the yellow and green limb electrodes and the change in the position of the thoracic ones when they are lined up in a straight line, bullied between the ribs (curved), and confused in places C5 and C6 are difficult to determine even when comparing two cardiograms next to each other, with the correct and transpositional superposition of the electrodes. The initial changes on the electrocardiograms, physique type, breast size, or the presence of an implant most likely determine it. CONCLUSION: An electrocardiography dataset was obtained using various electrode dislocation variants. The dataset consists of a series of electrocardiograms obtained for each patient with several electrode placement options and contains both normal and pathological electrocardiograms

Biofeedback Therapy and Complex Pathogenetic Treatment of Functional Defecatory Disorders

БОС-ТЕРАПИЯ И КОМПЛЕКСНОЕ ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ПРОКТОГЕННЫХ ЗАПОРО

Using a mobile computer tomography scanner in a field hospital setting to manage patients with COVID-19

The global outbreak of COVID-19 has posed unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. Healthcare administrators had to make quick and effective decisions to ensure high quality of medical care standards in new conditions. The need to form a reserve bed fund during the pandemic was due to the high load on city hospitals in Moscow. Due to this fact, temporary reserved hospitals for COVID-19 patients were organized in non-core facilities, such as ice arenas, shopping malls, and exhibition pavilions. This urgency prompted a search for solutions that could provide the necessary level of diagnosis and treatment appropriate to specialized medical facility. Given the technical and time constraints associated with the installation of a fixed computer tomographic scanner, the deployment of mobile computer tomographic scanners emerged as a viable option. The study aims to share insights gained from using a mobile computer tomographic scanner within a temporary backup hospital setting to treating patients with COVID-19 coronavirus infection. The paper discusses the features, advantages, and disadvantages of mobile computer tomography. It also presents hardware and control room layouts, along with the placement options for the computer tomography device. The research includes the results of dosimetry studies and provides a clinical assessment of the applicability of this type of diagnostic devices

Sputnik V Effectiveness against Hospitalization with COVID-19 during Omicron Dominance

Mass vaccination campaigns against COVID-19 affected more than 90% of the population in most developed countries. The new epidemiologic wave of COVID-19 has been ongoing since the end of 2021. It is caused by a virus variant B.1.1.529, also known as “Omicron” and its descendants. The effectiveness of major vaccines against Omicron is not known. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the Sputnik V vaccine. The main goal is to assess its protection against hospitalization in the period of Omicron dominance. We conducted our study based on a large clinical center in Moscow (Russia) where 1112 patients were included. We used the case-population method to perform the calculations. The data we obtained indicate that the Omicron variant causes at least 90% of infections in the studied cohort. The effectiveness of protection against hospitalization with COVID-19 in our study was 85.9% (95% CI 83.0–88.0%) for those who received more than one dose. It was 87.6% (95% CI 85.4–89.5%) and 97.0% (95% CI 95.9–97.8%) for those who received more than two or three doses. The effectiveness in cases of more severe forms was higher than for less severe ones. Thus, present study indicates the high protective efficacy of vaccination against hospitalization with COVID-19 in case of Omicron lineage