Incidence of <i>S. aureus</i> bacteraemia (SAB) per 1000 hospital admissions.

<p>Incidence of <i>S. aureus</i> bacteraemia (SAB) per 1000 hospital admissions.</p

Demographics and spectrum of serious bacterial disease in hospitalized children with HIV.

<p>ART–antiretroviral therapy, TB–Tuberculosis, PEM-Protein energy malnutrition, IQR–Interquartile range.</p

Antibiotic susceptibilities of the most common organisms isolated from blood cultures of children with serious bacterial infections, according to time of isolation.

a<p>The remainder were intermediate sensitivity</p>b<p>Five isolates intermediate susceptibility</p>c<p>One unknown</p><p>NT–not tested</p><p>NA–not applicable</p><p>TMP-SMX–Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole</p

Bacterial isolates from hospitalized HIV-infected children with serious bacterial infections*

1<p>Percent of positive cultures, including fungal and mixed or skin flora</p>2<p>Percent of all cultures sent. Urine cultures were not done if urine dipstick was normal unless suspicion was high.</p>3<p>The proportion of nosocomial infections presented here reflects that from children hospitalized for five days or longer, and not necessarily the proportion of nosocomial infections from hospitalizations of all HIV-infected children.</p>4<p>Coagulase negative staphylococcus only included as a pathogen if isolated from more than one culture or with indwelling invasive lines.</p

Distribution of children with NTM (n = 104) or <i>M. tuberculosis</i> (n = 182) isolates according to whether acid-fast bacilli (AFB) were detected on initial direct smear microscopy.

<div><p>Children with dual NTM and <i>M. tuberculosis</i> isolates (n = 5) are excluded.</p> <p>Proportions are presented as a percentage of Direct Smear AFB+(n = 70) or Direct Smear AFB–children (n = 1662).</p> <p>Data are n (%).</p></div

Receiver Operating Characteristic plot of Mantoux tuberculin skin test reaction (mm) for differentiation of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> from NTM isolates.

<p>Area under the curve (AUC) 0.67 (95% CI 0.60–0.73) (p<0.0001).</p

Site of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> colonisation/infection in patients admitted to the adult ICUs at Groote Schuur Hospital.

<p>TA = tracheal aspirate, BAL = broncheo-alveolar lavage. P value refers to comparison of patients with active <i>A.baumannii</i> discharged alive from ICU vs. those who died in ICU. Wound/abscess sites include intra-abdominal swabs.</p

Drug susceptibility patterns of <i>A.baumannii</i> isolated from patients admitted to adults ICUs at Groote Schuur Hospital.

<p>MIC = minimum inhibitory concentration.</p

Demographic characteristics and risk factors for <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in patients with infection vs. colonisation admitted to adult ICUs at Groote Schuur Hospital.

<p>HIV = human immunodeficiency virus, CD4 = cluster of differentiation 4, ICU = intensive care unit, TBH = Tygerberg Hospital, ETT = endotracheal tube.</p

Multivariate logistical regression analysis of predictors of mortality in those with <i>A.baumannii</i> colonisation/infection.

<p>HIV = human immunodeficiency virus, CD4 = cluster of differentiation 4, APACHE II = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, MODS = multi-organ dysfunction syndrome.</p