supplementary_material – Supplemental material for Sexualised drug taking among men who have sex with men: a systematic review

<p>Supplemental material, supplementary_material for Sexualised drug taking among men who have sex with men: a systematic review by Andrew Tomkins, Ryan George and Merav Kliner in Perspectives in Public Health</p

Aseismic Refinement of Orogenic Gold Systems

<div>Orogenic gold deposits contribute the majority of gold recovered globally throughout history. However, the mechanism that concentrates gold to extremely high “bonanza” grades within these deposits remains enigmatic. The volume of fluid experimentally required to provide such endowments of gold in a localised area is not reflected in field observations (e.g., in the extent of quartz veining or hydrothermal mineral alteration). To explain the genesis of bonanza-grade gold lodes in orogenic settings, a model termed “aseismic refinement” has been developed through characterisation of ultra high-grade (upwards of ~3% Au) ore found in quartz veins at Fosterville gold mine (Victoria, Australia). Three distinct textural settings of visible gold have been distinguished and include (i) gold along stylolitic wallrock selvage pressure-solution seams (PSS); (ii) as a fine-grained “dusty gold seams” parallel and in the same orientation as PSS; and (iii) in tensile fractures which</div><div>are perpendicular to PSS. As visibile gold is most abundant when in conjunction with these features, it follows that pressure-dissolution may govern gold distribution and inter-seismic processes are likely to be signifcant during oregenesis. It is proposed that depressurization and fluid unmixing during seismic periods led to the deposition of abundant Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) in quartz-carbonate veins at Fosterville. Subsequent pressure-dissolution of quartz during interseismic intervals allowed for episodic removal of gangue material and the amalgamation of these Au nanoparticles around pressure-dissolution features. Repetition of this mechanism over the time scale of deposit formation acts to concentrate gold to anomalously high grades within the host vein. This mechanism provides a new insight for the genesis of ultra-rich gold mineralisation and,</div><div>based on textures reported from many gold deposits, may be an important step in the formation of orogenic gold deposits.</div

Cox regression exploring clinical and social risk factors for death, by HIV serostatus.

<p>* Adjusted for oedema, age, sex, admission WAZ and admission MUAC.</p

Patient profile at baseline (initial admission), by final outcome.

†<p>Numbers with kwashiorkor plus numbers with severe wasting = 972 rather than 1024: the remaining 52 patients had complicated moderate wasting. These children were treated according to exactly the same protocols as those with SAM and hence are included in the follow-up study.</p

Kaplan Meier failure curve, all patients.

<p>Kaplan Meier failure curve, all patients.</p

FuSAM study flow chart - all admissions to MOYO.

<p>(OTP = ‘Outpatient Treatment Programme’ – the outpatient part of treatment; T/F = transfer out to different programme). ‘Still sick’ children were seen or reported to be clinically unwell at follow-up but details were not always known.</p

Boxplot showing weight-for-height, weight-for-age and height-for-age of the ex-malnourished surviving child (M) (n = 386) compared to sibling controls (S) (n = 277).

<p>Boxplot showing weight-for-height, weight-for-age and height-for-age of the ex-malnourished surviving child (M) (n = 386) compared to sibling controls (S) (n = 277).</p

Cox regression exploring main baseline predictors of death.

<p>* Adjusted for age, oedema, and HIV status.</p

Kaplan Meier failure curves, by HIV serostatus.

<p>The tables below <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0096030#pone-0096030-g002" target="_blank">figures 2</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0096030#pone-0096030-g003" target="_blank">3</a> show numbers at risk at the beginning of a particular time period. Deaths are in parentheses. Numbers at risk are not simply those previous at-risk minus deaths. Other outcomes also result in children being removed from further analysis (being ‘censored’). With this denominator change, the y-axis is mortality <i>probability</i> rather than percentage. Whilst our main outcomes focus is on the first year post-discharge, for completeness, data is presented until the last child's follow-up.</p