2 research outputs found
Molecular Mobility and Gas Transport Properties of Mixed Matrix Membranes Based on PIM‑1 and a Phosphinine Containing Covalent Organic Framework
Polymers with intrinsic
microporosity (PIMs) are gaining attention
as gas separation membranes. Nevertheless, they face limitations due
to their pronounced physical aging. In this study, a covalent organic
framework containing λ5-phosphinine moieties, CPSF-EtO,
was incorporated as a nanofiller (concentration range 0–10
wt %) into a PIM-1 matrix forming dense films with a thickness of
ca. 100 μm. The aim of the investigation was to investigate
possible enhancements of gas transport properties and mitigating effects
on physical aging. The incorporation of the nanofiller occurred on
an nanoaggregate level with domains up to 100 nm, as observed by T-SEM
and confirmed by X-ray scattering. Moreover, the X-ray data show that
the structure of the microporous network of the PIM-1 matrix is changed
by the nanofiller. As molecular mobility is fundamental for gas transport
as well as for physical aging, the study includes dielectric investigations
of pure PIM-1 and PIM-1/CPSF-EtO mixed matrix membranes to establish
a correlation between the molecular mobility and the gas transport
properties. Using the time-lag method, the gas permeability and the
permselectivity were determined for N2, O2,
CH4, and CO2 for samples with variation in filler
content. A significant increase in the permeability of CH4 and CO2 (50% increase compared to pure PIM-1) was observed
for a concentration of 5 wt % of the nanofiller. Furthermore, the
most pronounced change in the permselectivity was found for the gas
pair CO2/N2 at a filler concentration of 7 wt
%
Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles by Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions in an Emulsion at Room Temperature
A range of stable emulsions of spherical
and rod-like conjugated
polymer nanoparticles (CPN) were synthesized via Suzuki−Miyaura
cross-coupling reactions of 9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diboronic acid
bisÂ(1,3-propanediol) ester with a number of different dibromoarene
monomers in xylene, stabilized in water by the nonionic surfactant,
Triton X-102. High molar mass polyÂ(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PF8), polyÂ(9,9-dioctylfluorene-<i>alt</i>-benzothiadiazole) (PF8BT), polyÂ(9,9-dioctylfluorene-<i>alt</i>-4-<i>sec</i>-butylphenyldiphenylamine) (PF8TAA)
and polyÂ(9,9-dioctylfluorene-<i>alt</i>-bithiophene) (PF8T2)
emulsions were obtained, at high overall conjugated polymer concentrations
(up to 11,000 ppm), in the presence of the palladium complex, (IPr*)ÂPdCl<sub>2</sub>(TEA) and base, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, in nitrogen
atmosphere at 30 °C after 24–48 h. TEM analysis of the
PF8 and PF8T2 emulsions revealed regular rod-like structures, up to
200 nm in length with aspect ratios of 4–5. PF8BT and PF8TAA
formed spherical particles with diameters of between 20–40
nm in TEM analysis. UV–vis absorption spectra of the PF8 emulsions
indicated high levels of ordered β-phase configuration (9–10%)
in their respective nanoparticles. Absolute photoluminescence quantum
yields (Φ) of 21–25% were recorded for these emulsions