Serum Concentrations of F2-Isoprostanes and 4-Hydroxynonenal in Hemodialysis Patients in Relation to Inflammation and Renal Anemia

Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are apparently exposed to enhanced oxidative stress and to inflammation. It was the aim of this study to characterize the state of systemic oxidative stress of ESRD patients before and following HD using highly specific biomarkers, F2-isoprostanes and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). Furthermore the question should be answered, if there are associations between inflammation and systemic oxidative stress and/or between systemic oxidative stress and renal anemia, which is more or less typical for HD patients.Patients and methods: Concentrations of F2-isoprostanes, 4- HNE, CRP as marker of inflammation, and hemoglobin were measured in serum samples of patients with ESRD before and after HD and of healthy control persons for comparison. Total (esterified plus free) F2-isoprostanes were quantified by highly sensitive gas chromatography/mass spectrometry technique, HNE by thin layer chromatography and HPLC/UV detection, CRP by immunoturbidimetry and hemoglobin by clinico-chemical routine assay.Results: 1. HD patients showed significantly higher serum concentrations of F2-isoprostanes and HNE than healthy human control subjects. 2. Total (esterified plus free) F2-isoprostane levels before HD were not significantly different from those after HD, whereas HNE levels were significantly decreased in patients after HD. 3. F2-isoprostane concentrations in HD patients correlated with the levels of CRP, whereas HNE concentrations inversely correlated with the content of hemoglobin.Conclusion: Both, F2-isoprostanes and HNE serum concentrations are useful oxidative stress parameters in ESRD patients undergoing HD. Whereas HNE strongly correlates with the severity of renal anemia, leading to left heart insufficiency, F2-isoprostanes (sum of free plus esterified) highly correlate with the degree of inflammation

The Stromelysin-1 5A/6A Promoter Polymorphism Is a Disease Marker for the Extent of Coronary Heart Disease

Background. Matrix metalloproteinases, such as stromelysin-1, are implicated in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute myocardial infarction (MI). A 5A/6A promoter polymorphism can regulate the transcription of the stromelysin-1 gene in an allele-specific manner. Evidence has been presented that the 6A allele is associated with the progression of coronary heart disease (CHD). In contrast, the 5A allele may be linked to the risk of MI

Schüler*innen im Englischunterricht

Gardemann C, Bonnet A. Schüler*innen im Englischunterricht. In: Bennewitz H, de Boer H, Thiersch S, eds. Handbuch der Forschung zu Schülerinnen und Schülern. Münster/New York: Waxmann; Accepted

The paraoxonase Leu–Met54 and Gln–Arg191 gene polymorphisms are not associated with the risk of coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis 2000;152: 421–31

Abstract Background: Evidence has been presented that gene polymorphisms (PON54 L/M, PON191 Q/R) of paraoxonase are risk factors of coronary heart disease. Results: We determined both PON genotypes in 535 male individuals who were free of vascular disease and in 2249 male subjects who underwent coronary angiography, and analysed the relation of both gene variations to CAD and MI. Both gene polymorphisms were in linkage disequilibrium (PB 0.0001). Coronary artery disease: the PON54 gene polymorphism was not associated with an increased risk of CAD. In the total sample and also in younger subjects, an association of the PON191 gene variation with the risk of CAD was not detected when the control group of individuals without coronary heart disease was compared with patients with at least one diseased vessel (verified by coronary angiography). In individuals younger than 62 years, a moderate increase in the relative risk of CAD associated with the PON191 R allele (1.45 (1.08-1.95); P= 0.015) were found, when subjects without vessel disease (verified by coronary angiography) were compared with CAD patients. Myocardial infarction: an association of the PON54 gene variation with MI was not detected when the control group of individuals without coronary heart disease were compared with patients with at least one MI. A marginal increase in the risk of MI associated with the PON54 LL genotype (OR 1.27 (1.05 -1.51); P =0.011) were detected when patients without MI but with coronary angiography were compared with MI positive patients. Subgroup analyses of low-and high-risk populations did not reveal any association of both PON gene polymorphisms with CAD or MI. Conclusion: The present findings do not strengthen the hypothesis that the paraoxonase gene polymorphisms are independently associated with coronary heart disease indicating that these gene variations are of little usefulness as genetic markers of cardiovascular disease

Serum Concentrations of F-Isoprostanes and 4-Hydroxynonenal in Hemodialysis Patients in Relation to Inflammation and Renal Anemia

Background Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are apparently exposed to enhanced oxidative stress and to inflammation. It was the aim of this study to characterize the state of systemic oxidative stress of ESRD patients before and following HD using highly specific biomarkers, F 2 -isoprostanes and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). Furthermore the question should be answered, if there are associations between inflammation and systemic oxidative stress and/or between systemic oxidative stress and renal anemia, which is more or less typical for HD patients. Patients and methods Concentrations of F 2 -isoprostanes, HNE, C-reactive protein (CRP) as marker of inflammation, and hemoglobin were measured in serum samples of patients with ESRD before and after HD and of healthy control persons for comparison. Total (esterified plus free) F 2 -isoprostanes were quantified by highly sensitive gas chromatography/mass spectrometry technique, HNE by thin layer chromatography and HPLC/UV detection, CRP by immunoturbidimetry and hemoglobin by clinico-chemical routine assay. Results 1. HD patients showed significantly higher serum concentrations of F 2 -isoprostanes and HNE than healthy human control subjects. 2. Total (esterified plus free) F 2 -isoprostane levels before HD were not significantly different from those after HD, whereas HNE levels were significantly decreased in patients after HD. 3. F 2 -isoprostane concentrations in HD patients correlated with the levels of CRP, whereas HNE concentrations inversely correlated with the content of hemoglobin. Conclusion Both, F 2 -isoprostanes and HNE serum concentrations are useful oxidative stress parameters in ESRD patients undergoing HD. Whereas HNE strongly correlates with the severity of renal anemia, leading to left heart insufficiency, F 2 -isoprostanes (sum of free plus esterified) highly correlate with the degree of inflammation