The natural ecomuseum of mangrove: educational and reforestation actions / O ecomuseu natural do mangue: ações educativas e de reflorestamento

Green areas in the context of cities are essential element for the well-being of the population, because it has the purpose of improving the quality of life and environmental preservation, in this sense. This research aimed to identify and analyze the educational and reforestation actions carried out by the EcoMuseu Natural do Mangue, located in the Sabiaguaba neighborhood (Fortaleza-CE), through environmental education activities and the reforestation of the area in its surroundings. The proposal is to get visitors to know initially the museum's collection, where they will have a lecture on the ecosystem and its preservation, after they will be led by monitors on an ecological trail through the mangrove where they will have the opportunity to experience one of their richest experiences of environmental education. An education for a new look at the mangrove and awareness that the construction of "a new world is possible", paraphrasing Paulo Freire. The methodology applied in this article was bibliographic, through the reading of authors who conceptually and theoretically address the issues related to the proposed theme. Among the results obtained, in 2015, there was an increase of about 10% of mangrove reforestation in the entire area of the park. Since reforestation and environmental education are among the most effective alternatives for the recovery of a degraded area

Rural extension and communication in the rural environment / Extensão rural e comunicação no ambiente rural

Rural extension is one of the branches of Agrarian Sciences that is concerned with providing formal education services of a continuous nature for the rural and fishing environment, assisting and promoting processes of management, production, processing and commercialization of activities, as well as agricultural and non-agricultural services, including agroextractive, forestry and artisanal activities. Rural extension is also understood as "a process of out-of-school education, or, not formal, whose objective is to contribute to the elevation of the quality of life of rural families and, consequently, to the well-being of society as a whole". The technical assistance provided to family farmers is of relevant importance in the process of communication and dissemination of new technologies generated by research (and possibly by farmers themselves or by official rural extension services) that are essential to rural development in its broadest sense, that is, in the development of agricultural, forestry, extractivism and fishing activities. The importance of technical assistance and rural extension in bringing technology closer to society is undeniable. However, in addition to similar ones, these two strands contain differences in important points, which leave them far apart from each other. In the rural extension it is necessary to have a link between the research and the productive sector, which, in this case, is the farmer. The focus of rural extension is to bring to the rural community from basic knowledge (such as borrowing from banks, economy, etc.) to technical knowledge in agriculture, including technology (materialization of science studied). It consists of being sure that the small farmer will know how to manage his land and his income, and creates an independence so that, in case of a problem, the farmer and his family know how to solve it without major problems and without requiring a technical assistant constantly. It is an educational measure aimed at improving production and income and, consequently, quality of life of the rural family. Technical assistance creates a certain dependence on the small farmer. It aims to solve immediate problems, with greater objectivity, but does not intend to pass on knowledge to the rural family. It is a way of using technology in a technical way, but with an individual character.

Soil evaluation for pineapple cultivation (ananás comosus) in the municipality of Teotônio Vilela, Alagoas / Avaliação do solo para cultivação de abacaxi (ananás comosus) no município de Teotônio Vilela, Alagoas

Soil fertility is one of the crucial factors for agriculture, which has as its main objective the increase of its production. This is why it is extremely important to know the nutritional requirement of the cultivar. The present study aimed to evaluate soil fertility in the municipality of Teotônio Vilela – Alagoas, in the Laudelino farm, emphasizing the quantification of the nutrients needed to guarantee the agricultural productivity for the pineapple crop (Ananás comosus). For this purpose, a random sampling of soil was initiated in the area 1.0 hectare in the layer of 0-20 cm of depth. Fifteen samples were collected (each sample with approximately 0.5 DM ³ of soil) from simple collection were mixed to compose a single composite sample and, from this, 1.0 kg of soil was withdrawn for posterior soil fertility analyses. Carried out in the soil Laboratory of the Agrarian Sciences Center (ECSC) of the Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL) located in the municipality of Rio Largo, AL. We analyzed the potential hydrogenionic (pH), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K +) accessible; Calcium (Ca + 2) and magnesium (Mg + 2) exchangeable; Exchangeable aluminum saturation (m%), CTC cation exchange capacity at pH 7.0 (T); Base sum (V%) and Organic matter (OM). It was observed that the results showed the following values: Ca + 2 contents (3.42 Cmolc/DM ³), CTC (T) (10.73 Cmolc/DM ³); K + (110 mg/DM ³), Mg + 2 (2.53 Cmolc/DM ³), Al + 3 (0.03 Cmolc/DM ³), MO (14.1 g/kg), P (5.0 mg/DM ³), M% (0.0), pH (5.6) and V% (59.0). From the results found, it is concluded that it will not be necessary to apply limestone to increase the base saturation to 60%, because 59% as found in the soil already satimakes nutritional need of the culture in question. In addition to this correction, it is also recommended the dosage of 160 kg of P2O5 and 40 kg of nitrogen (N) per hectare, through the incorporation in the soil of 800 kg/ha in the formulation 05-20-0. However, organic fertilization between 30 and 50 t/ha of curable corral manure, if possible 30 days before planting can elevate redendimento of the cultivar. It is noteworthy that its application is insexpenable to the culture by promoting better development to the plant and the fruit.