Effect of bacterial probiotic on lamb rumen acetate to propionate ratio over the first six months of life.

<p>Significance (P < 0.05) is denoted with *, and error bars show standard error mean.</p

Ingredient and chemical composition (mean ± standard deviation) of the pre-partum and post-partum diets.

<p>Ingredient and chemical composition (mean ± standard deviation) of the pre-partum and post-partum diets.</p

Phylogenetic comparison of 31 fibrolytic isolates along with known sequences (NCBI).

<p>A neighbor-joining tree was created using MEGA ver. 6 and the Kimura 2-parameter model. The asterisk (*) indicates the five probiotic isolates, and the one potential probiotic strain which could not be grown in continuous culture.</p

Effect of bacterial probiotic on lamb rumen pH over the first six months of life.

<p>Significance (P < 0.05) is denoted with *, and error bars show standard error mean. MR = milk replacer.</p

Effect of time and bacterial probiotic on the bacterial diversity at the phylum level of the lamb rumen over the first six months of life.

<p>X-axis labeled reflect treatment (Con = control, Exp = probiotic experimental), as well as sampling date. Error bars show standard error mean.</p

Milk yield and components of three breeds of dairy cow^a over four time points; 5 days in milk (DIM), 95 DIM, 185 DIM, 275 DIM.

<p>Milk yield and components of three breeds of dairy cow<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150386#t002fn001" target="_blank">^<u>a</u></a> over four time points; 5 days in milk (DIM), 95 DIM, 185 DIM, 275 DIM.</p

Effect of time and bacterial probiotic on the bacterial diversity at the family level of the lamb rumen over the first six months of life.

<p>X-axis labeled reflect treatment (Con = control, Exp = probiotic experimental), as well as sampling date.</p

Content^a (g/kg milk) of odd and branched-chain fatty acids (OBCFA) in milk from three breeds of dairy cow over four time points; 5 days in milk (DIM), 95 DIM, 185 DIM, 275 DIM.

<p>Content<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150386#t004fn001" target="_blank">^<u>a</u></a> (g/kg milk) of odd and branched-chain fatty acids (OBCFA) in milk from three breeds of dairy cow over four time points; 5 days in milk (DIM), 95 DIM, 185 DIM, 275 DIM.</p

Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of lamb rumen bacterial samples by sampling time (A) and treatment (B).

<p>Sampling time (A) is week 2 = teal, week 6 = green, week 11 = red, and week 23 = dark blue for both groups. Treatment (B) is control (con) week 2 = red, experimental (exp) week 2 = green triangle, con week 6 = orange, exp week 6 = teal, con week 11 = yellow, exp week 11 = blue, con week 23 = green, exp week 4 = dark blue.</p

Content^a (g/kg milk) of major fatty acids in milk from three breeds of dairy cow over four time points; 5 days in milk (DIM), 95 DIM, 185 DIM, 275 DIM.

<p>Content<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150386#t003fn001" target="_blank">^<u>a</u></a> (g/kg milk) of major fatty acids in milk from three breeds of dairy cow over four time points; 5 days in milk (DIM), 95 DIM, 185 DIM, 275 DIM.</p