Search Intensity, Directed Search And The Wage Distribution

We propose a search equilibrium model in which homogenous …rms post wages along with a vacancy to attract job-seekers, while homogenous unemployed workers invest in costly job-seeking. The key innovation relies on the organization of the search market and the search behavior of the job-seekers. The search market is continuously segmented by wage level, individuals can spread their search investment over the di¤erent sub-markets, and search intensity has marginal decreasing returns on each sub-market. We show that there exists a non-degenerate equilibrium wage distribution. The density of this wage distribution is increasing at low wages, and decreasing at high wages. Under additional restrictions, it is hump-shaped, and it can be right-tailed. Our results are illustrated by an example originating a Beta wage distribution.Search e¤ort; Segmented markets; Equilibrium wage dispersion

Reduction of working time and unemployment

This paper analyzes the consequences of compulsory reductions in working time on employment. The first part of the paper is devoted to the analysis of labor demand when the firm chooses the number of jobs and hours. This framework allows us to show that compulsory reductions in standard hours can increase employment only if wage compensation is sufficiently low. Then, the second part of the paper looks at the determinants of wages, hours and employment in different frameworks: perfect competition, collective bargaining, monopsony. It is shown that regulation of hours is justified and can even increase employment when competition is imperfect. However, compulsory reductions in working hours cannot systematically improve employment and welfare.working time; work sharing

Public Employment and Labor Market Performances.

We explore the consequences of public employment for labour market performance. Theory suggests that public employment may not only crowd out private employment, but also increase overall unemployment if, by offering attractive working conditions, it draws additional individuals into the labour force. Empirical evidence from a sample of OECD countries in the 1960–2000 period suggests that, on average, creation of 100 public jobs may have eliminated about 150 private sector jobs, slightly decreased labour market participation, and increased by about 33 the number of unemployed workers. Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence, however, suggest that the crowding out effect of public jobs on private jobs is only significant in countries where public production is highly substitutable to private activities and the public sector offers more attractive wages and/or other benefits than the private labour market.

Optimum income taxation and layoff taxes

This paper analyzes optimum income taxation in a model with endogenous job destruction that gives rise to unemployment. It is shown that optimal tax schemes comprise both payroll and layoff taxes when the state provides public unemployment insurance and aims at redistributing income. The optimal layoff tax is equal to the social cost of job destruction, which amounts to the sum of unemployment benefits (that the state pays to unemployed workers) and payroll taxes (that the state does not get when workers are unemployed).Layoff taxes, Optimal taxation, Job destruction.

Temps de travail et emploi

Analyse des relations entre la réduction du temps de travail et le niveau de l'emploi

Inefficience dynamique

Etude de l'efficacité de l'équilibre dans un modèle à générations imbriquées. Applications au choix d'un système de retraite (capitalisation vs répartition) et à la gestion de la dette publique

Temps de travail et emploi

Analyse des relations entre la réduction du temps de travail et le niveau de l'emploi.Travail, emploi, heures

Inefficience dynamique

Etude de l'efficacité de l'équilibre dans un modèle à générations imbriquées. Applications au choix d'un système de retraite (capitalisation vs répartition) et à la gestion de la dette publique.générations imbriquées, retraite, efficacité, dette publique

Public employment and labor market performances

This paper deals with the consequence of public employment on labor market performances in 17 OECD countries over the period 1960-2000. It is argued that public employment had an important crowding out e¤ect on the private sector and increased the unemployment rate over this period. More precisely, empirical evidence suggests that the creation of one public job destroyed about 1.5 private job, sightly decreased participation to the labor market and eventually increased the number of unemployed workers by 0:3: Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence also suggest that the crowding out effect of public jobs on private jobs is more important in countries in which public production ishighly substitutable to private activities and in which the public sector provides high rents.Employment, public employment, unemployment

Economie de marchés et sécurisation des parcours professionnels

Cet article analyse les inconvénients d'une réglementation trop rigide et des barrières à l'entrée, il plaide pour une flexisécurité à la française