212 research outputs found
A20 (TNFAIP3) Alterations in Primary Intestinal Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the most frequently involved site of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype occurring in the GI tract. TNFAIP3 (A20) genetic alterations were reported to be involved in DLBCL’s pathogenesis and a portion of GI-DLBCL cases harbor this alteration. However, the frequency and clinicopathological relations focusing on small and large intestinal DLBCL are unclear. Here, we examined A20 deletion and protein expression and analyzed the clinicopathological features of 52 cases of primary intestinal DLBCL. The most frequently involved site was the ileocecal region (75%), followed by small bowel (13.5%) and large intestine. Immunohistochemically, the ileocecal cases expressed BCL6 (p=0.027) and MUM1 (p=0.0001) significantly more frequently than the small intestinal cases. Six of 47 cases (13%) had A20 heterozygous deletion, whereas all 6 heterozygously deleted cases had detectable A20 protein expression. In summary, A20 abnormality was less prevalent among intestinal DLBCLs with some discordancy between gene deletion and protein expression. Although the A20 alteration status did not affect any clinicopathological characteristics in this series, further studies exploring alterations of A20 and other NF-κB components in primary intestinal DLBCL are needed
Transmission of Bordetella holmesii during Pertussis Outbreak, Japan
We describe the epidemiology of a pertussis outbreak in Japan in 2010–2011 and Bordetella holmesii transmission. Six patients were infected; 4 patients were students and a teacher at the same junior high school. Epidemiologic links were found between 5 patients. B. holmesii may have been transmitted from person to person
Transport properties of strongly correlated metals:a dynamical mean-field approach
The temperature dependence of the transport properties of the metallic phase
of a frustrated Hubbard model on the hypercubic lattice at half-filling are
calculated. Dynamical mean-field theory, which maps the Hubbard model onto a
single impurity Anderson model that is solved self-consistently, and becomes
exact in the limit of large dimensionality, is used. As the temperature
increases there is a smooth crossover from coherent Fermi liquid excitations at
low temperatures to incoherent excitations at high temperatures. This crossover
leads to a non-monotonic temperature dependence for the resistance,
thermopower, and Hall coefficient, unlike in conventional metals. The
resistance smoothly increases from a quadratic temperature dependence at low
temperatures to large values which can exceed the Mott-Ioffe-Regel value, hbar
a/e^2 (where "a" is a lattice constant) associated with mean-free paths less
than a lattice constant. Further signatures of the thermal destruction of
quasiparticle excitations are a peak in the thermopower and the absence of a
Drude peak in the optical conductivity. The results presented here are relevant
to a wide range of strongly correlated metals, including transition metal
oxides, strontium ruthenates, and organic metals.Comment: 19 pages, 9 eps figure
The Japanese space gravitational wave antenna; DECIGO
DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory (DECIGO) is the future
Japanese space gravitational wave antenna. DECIGO is expected to open a new window of
observation for gravitational wave astronomy especially between 0.1 Hz and 10 Hz, revealing
various mysteries of the universe such as dark energy, formation mechanism of supermassive
black holes, and inflation of the universe. The pre-conceptual design of DECIGO consists of
three drag-free spacecraft, whose relative displacements are measured by a differential Fabry–
Perot Michelson interferometer. We plan to launch two missions, DECIGO pathfinder and pre-
DECIGO first and finally DECIGO in 2024
Distinct morphologic, phenotypic, and clinical-course characteristics of indolent peripheral T-cell lymphoma
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) consists of a heterogeneous group of lymphomas. Patients. generally show an aggressive clinical course and very poor outcome. Although the 2008 World Health Organization classification of PTCL-NOS includes 3 variants, low-grade lymphoma is not Included. Of 277 PTCL-NOS cases recorded in our consultation files, we examined the clinicopathologic characteristics of 10 patients with T-cell lymphomas composed of small-sized cells with slight nuclear atypia. Eight patients showed extranodal involvement (5 patients, spleen; 3 patients, thyroid), and 5 patients were at clinical stage I or II. Histologically, all samples presented diffuse infiltrate of small lymphoid cells, with few mitotic figures. Immunohistologically, all samples were positive for CD3, and CD:20 Was detected in 5 samples. All samples showed a low Ki-67 labeling index (mean, 1.05%), and 7 samples were positive for central memory T-cell markers. Clonal T-cell receptor gamma chain and/or alpha-beta chain gene rearrangements were detected in all 10 patients. Five patients received chemotherapy, whereas for 3 patients, treatment consisted only of observation following surgical resection of the spleen or thyroid. Nine patients were alive at a median follow-up time of 19.5 months, whereas 1 patient died of an unrelated disease. The present study strongly indicates that T-cell lymphoma with small-sized lymphoma cells and a low Ki-67 labeling index is a distinct variant. Recognition of this novel lymphoma subtype, which should not be defined merely as PTCL-NOS, should be seriously considered
DECIGO pathfinder
DECIGO pathfinder (DPF) is a milestone satellite mission for DECIGO (DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory) which is a future space gravitational wave antenna. DECIGO is expected to provide us fruitful insights into the universe, in particular about dark energy, a formation mechanism of supermassive black holes, and the inflation of the universe. Since DECIGO will be an extremely large mission which will formed by three drag-free spacecraft with 1000m separation, it is significant to gain the technical feasibility of DECIGO before its planned launch in 2024. Thus, we are planning to launch two milestone missions: DPF and pre-DECIGO. The conceptual design and current status of the first milestone mission, DPF, are reviewed in this article
A20 (TNFAIP3) Deletion in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorders/Lymphomas
A negative regulator of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B pathway, A20 (TNFAIP3), is inactivated in several types of lymphomas; particularly in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), classical Hodgkin's lymphoma, and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. These findings suggest that the NF-kappa B activation is related to A20 inactivation. Recently, A20 inactivation has also been observed in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related lymphomas; however, this occurrence has not been well investigated. Moreover, NF-kappa B is a key molecule in activated B-cell-like (ABC)-type DLBCL; EBV-associated DLBCL is of the ABC type. Therefore, we focused on A20 deletions in EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders/lymphomas. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis, A20 deletions were identified in 4 of 13 samples from patients with pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL) (31%), 3 of 20 samples from nasal-type NK/T cell lymphomas (NKTLs) (15%), 1 of 8 samples of EBV-positive DLBCL of the elderly (DLBCL-e) (13%), but not in any of the 11 samples from individuals with methotrexate-related lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD) (0%). Among the samples with A20 deletions, EBV latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) expression was detected in all 4 of the PAL samples with A20 deletions and in the DLBCL-e sample with an A20 deletion, but not in any of the 3 NKTL samples. This finding indicated that A20 deletions were not directly related to the EBV latency pattern of lymphomas, although such deletions might be related to the diagnostic category. Immunohistologically, the A20 protein was absent in 2 (15%) of the13 PAL samples, 1 (9%) of 11 MTX-LPD samples, and in none of the 20 NKTL (0%) or 8 DLBCL-e samples. In conclusion, A20 deletion and/or dysfunctional expression are frequently associated with PALs, and A20 abnormalities may be related to the pathogenesis of PAL
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