Additional file 1: of Chromosomal evolution and phylogeny in the Nullicauda group (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae): evidence from multidirectional chromosome painting

Table S1. Basic data matrix on chromosome rearrangements. The numbers of chromosomes are the ones from PHA, the outgroup. The meaning of the abbreviations can be found at Table 1. Other symbols: “/” = syntenic groups physically linked; “i” = inversion; “p” = short arm; “q” = long arm; “p + q” = part of short arm linked with part of the long arm; “-”= part of the arm is missing. (DOCX 158 kb

Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Chromosomal phylogeny of Vampyressine bats (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) with description of two new sex chromosome systems

C-banding patterns on Chiroderma villosum (CVI); Vampyriscus bidens (VBI); Vampyressa thyone (VTH); Mesophylla macconnelli (MMA); Vampyrodes caraccioli (VCA); Platyrrhinus incarum (PIN); Vampyriscus brocki (VBR). (JPG 1943 kb

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Chromosomal phylogeny of Vampyressine bats (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) with description of two new sex chromosome systems

Vampyressina, Basic Data Matrix using PHA chromosome numbering as reference (DOC 198 kb

Idiograms with DAPI-CMA₃ bands present in the species of <i>Boana</i> and <i>Hyloscirtus</i> studied in this paper.

<p>Scale indicates percentage relative size of chromosome pairs.</p

Optimization of the basic number (right) and the position of NORs (left) in Cophomantini on a condensed phylogenetic hypothesis resulting from the analyses of Faivovich et al. [21] and Duellman et al. [7].

<p>Optimization of the basic number (right) and the position of NORs (left) in Cophomantini on a condensed phylogenetic hypothesis resulting from the analyses of Faivovich et al. [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0192861#pone.0192861.ref021" target="_blank">21</a>] and Duellman et al. [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0192861#pone.0192861.ref007" target="_blank">7</a>].</p

Triploid specimen of <i>Boana pulchella</i> (LGE 11504).

<p><b>A</b>. Giemsa stained karyotype. <b>B.</b> C banded pattern. <b>C.</b> Meiotic cell in metaphase I stage. <b>D.</b> Normal spermatid (<b>I</b>) and abnormal microspermatid (<b>II</b>).</p

Studied species and the cytogenetic techniques applied for each one.

<p>Studied species and the cytogenetic techniques applied for each one.</p

Karyotypes of three species of <i>Hyloscirtus</i>.

<p><i>Hyloscirtus alytolylax</i> (left), <i>H</i>. <i>palmeri</i> (center), and <i>H</i>. <i>larinopygion</i> (right). <b>A, B.</b> Giemsa staining. <b>C, D.</b> C-bands. <b>E, F.</b> CMA₃. <b>G, H.</b> DAPI. Squares show NOR-bearing chromosome pairs as stained by the silver impregnation technique (<b>I</b>), and with FISH using a 18S DNA probe (<b>II</b>).</p

C banding pattern in karyotypes of the <i>Boana faber</i> and <i>B</i>. <i>pulchella</i> groups.

<p><b>A.</b><i>B</i>. <i>faber</i>. <b>B.</b><i>B</i>. <i>cipoensis</i>. <b>C.</b><i>B</i>. <i>curupi</i>. <b>D.</b><i>B</i>. <i>stellae</i>. <b>E.</b><i>B</i>. <i>albonigra</i>. <b>F.</b><i>B</i>. <i>riojana</i>. <b>G.</b><i>B</i>. <i>marianitae</i>. <b>H.</b><i>B</i>. <i>bischoffi</i>. <b>I.</b><i>B</i>. <i>cordobae</i>. <b>J.</b><i>B</i>. <i>pulchella</i>. <b>K.</b><i>B</i>. <i>caingua</i>.</p