23,071 research outputs found
Convergence acceleration and stabilization for dynamical-mean-field-theory calculations
The convergence to the self-consistency in the dynamical-mean-field-theory
(DMFT) calculations for models of correlated electron systems can be
significantly accelerated by using an appropriate mixing of hybridization
functions which are used as the input to the impurity solver. It is shown that
the techniques and the past experience with the mixing of input charge
densities in the density-functional-theory (DFT) calculations are also
effective in DMFT. As an example, the increase of the computational
requirements near the Mott metal-insulator transition in the Hubbard model due
to critical slowing down can be strongly reduced by using the modified
Broyden's method to numerically solve the non-linear self-consistency equation.
Speed-up factors as high as 3 were observed in practical calculations even for
this relatively well behaved problem. Furthermore, the convergence can be
achieved in difficult cases where simple linear mixing is either not effective
or even leads to divergence. Unstable and metastable solutions can also be
obtained. We also determine the linear response of the system with respect to
the variations of the hybridization function, which is related to the
propagation of the information between the different energy scales during the
iteration.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure
Search for a Standard Explanation of the Pioneer Anomaly
The data from Pioneer 10 and 11 shows an anomalous, constant, Doppler
frequency drift that can be interpreted as an acceleration directed towards the
Sun of a_P = (8.74 \pm 1.33) x 10^{-8} cm/s^2. Although one can consider a new
physical origin for the anomaly, one first must investigate the contributions
of the prime candidates, which are systematics generated on board. Here we
expand upon previous analyses of thermal systematics. We demonstrate that
thermal models put forth so far are not supported by the analyzed data.
Possible ways to further investigate the nature of the anomaly are proposed.Comment: Changes made for publicatio
Observation of the critical regime near Anderson localization of light
Diffusive transport is among the most common phenomena in nature [1].
However, as predicted by Anderson [2], diffusion may break down due to
interference. This transition from diffusive transport to localization of waves
should occur for any type of classical or quantum wave in any media as long as
the wavelength becomes comparable to the transport mean free path [3].
The signatures of localization and those of absorption, or bound states, can
however be similar, such that an unequivocal proof of the existence of wave
localization in disordered bulk materials is still lacking. Here we present
measurements of time resolved non-classical diffusion of visible light in
strongly scattering samples, which cannot be explained by absorption, sample
geometry or reduction in transport velocity. Deviations from classical
diffusion increase strongly with decreasing as expected for a phase
transition. This constitutes an experimental realization of the critical regime
in the approach to Anderson localization.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
The Anomalous Trajectories of the Pioneer Spacecraft
Because of their unique designs, the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft have
provided the cleanest Doppler, deep-space navigation data. Analysis of this
data can be interpreted as showing an anomalous acceleration of these craft
directed towards the Sun of . The
background of this discovery and the significance of the result are discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, to be published in the Proceedings of the Second
Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetr
Anderson et al. Reply (to the Comment by Murphy on Pioneer 10/11)
We conclude that Murphy's proposal (radiation of the power of the main-bus
electrical systems from the rear of the craft) can not explain the anomalous
Pioneer acceleration.Comment: LaTex, 3 pages, Phys. Rev. Lett. (to be published
Anderson et al. Reply (to the Comment by Katz on Pioneer 10/11)
We conclude that Katz's proposal (anisotropic heat reflection off of the back
of the spacecraft high-gain antennae, the heat coming from the RTGs) does not
provide enough power and so can not explain the Pioneer anomaly.Comment: LaTex, 3 pages, Phys. Rev. Lett. (to be published
Benthic biomass size spectra in shelf and deep-sea sediments
The biomass distributions of marine benthic metazoans (meio- to macro-fauna, 1 ?g–32 mg wet weight) across three contrasting sites were investigated to test the hypothesis that allometry can consistently explain observed trends in biomass spectra. Biomass (and abundance) size spectra were determined from observations made at the Faroe–Shetland Channel (FSC) in the Northeast Atlantic (water depth 1600 m), the Fladen Ground (FG) in the North Sea (150 m), and the hypoxic Oman Margin (OM) in the Arabian Sea (500 m). Observed biomass increased with body size as a power law at FG (scaling exponent, b = 0.16) and FSC (b = 0.32), but less convincingly at OM (b = 0.12 but not significantly different from 0). A simple model was constructed to represent the same 16 metazoan size classes used for the observed spectra, all reliant on a common detrital food pool, and allowing the three key processes of ingestion, respiration and mortality to scale with body size. A micro-genetic algorithm was used to fit the model to observations at the sites. The model accurately reproduces the observed scaling without needing to include the effects of local influences such as hypoxia. Our results suggest that the size-scaling of mortality and ingestion are dominant factors determining the distribution of biomass across the meio- to macrofaunal size range in contrasting marine sediment communities. Both the observations and the model results are broadly in agreement with the "metabolic theory of ecology" in predicting a quarter power scaling of biomass across geometric body size classes
Teaching “The Essay” as a Pathway to Research and First-Year Writing
This session will guide attendees through teaching “the essay,” as a flexible, adaptable, customizable form. Using ignorance as a starting place, students develop research strategies that focus on their own gaps in knowledge—as opposed to relying on pre-existing certainty, bias, or opinions. By working through the essay-writing process as an exploration, students develop “high-quality ignorance,” which allows for deeper authenticity. Complex essays allow students to combine multiple rhetorical strategies—narrative, interview, immersion, argument—creating customized essays, instead of following a traditional five-paragraph format. Along the path to the final essay, they alternate writing and research, showing their inextricable connection
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