M94 As A Unique Testbed for Black Hole Mass Estimates and AGN Activity At Low Luminosities

We discuss the peculiar nature of the nucleus of M94 (NGC 4736) in the context of new measurements of the broad H_alpha emission from HST-STIS observations. We show that this component is unambiguously associated with the high-resolution X-ray, radio, and variable UV sources detected at the optical nucleus of this galaxy. These multi-wavelength observations suggest that NGC 4736 is one of the least luminous broad-line (type 1) LINERs, with Lbol = 2.5 \times 10^40 erg/s. This LINER galaxy has also possibly the least luminous broad line region known (LH_alpha =2.2\times10^37 erg/s). We compare black hole mass estimates of this system to the recently measured ~7 \times 10^6 M_sun dynamical black hole mass measurement. The fundamental plane and M-sigma relationship roughly agree with the measured black hole mass, while other accretion based estimates (the M-FWHM(H_alpha) relation, empirical correlation of BH mass with high-ionization mid IR emission lines, and the X-ray excess variance) provide much lower estimates (~10^5 M_sun). An energy budget test shows that the AGN in this system may be deficient in ionizing radiation relative to the observed emission-line activity. This deficiency may result from source variability or the superposition of multiple sources including supernovae.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Advances in Astronom

COMPETITIVENESS AND MONETARY MANAGEMENT IN ROMANIA – A CRISIS OVERVIEW

This paper aims to briefly present the effects of the financial and economic crisis in Romania in respect of the monetary developments and their impact on competitiveness, on firms involved in foreign trade on international market. All the analysis is undertaken in the general framework of the monetary integration process envisaging the Euro adoption, and in the context of actions of the Romanian National Bank as part of the foreign exchange and monetary policy strategy. Due to constant preoccupation from the most important monetary institution, the Romanian Leu has performed rather well compared to rest of the macroeconomic picture and seems to drag forward the whole set of other indicators, including economic aspects such as competitiveness. The connection between the foreign exchange rate and competitiveness can be best depicted in the effects on exporting firms.exchange rate, competitiveness, monetary integration

The particularities of the calculation and of the cost reduction in lignite production

In the market economy, the entities are, in an objective way, obliged to be preoccupied with the reduction of costs, taking into consideration the relationship of independence and indirect proportionality between the level of production costs and profit. The laws of competition oblige to the limitation of the waste channels, to the introduction of performant tehnological and tehnical solutions, to the systematic development of the work productivity. Because of this, we appreciated that is advisable that also in the extraction of lignite, we should determine a correct production cost, according to which should be possible the identification of the cost optimization possibilities. On the other hand, the effective cost of the lignite has a major importance because it represents the price which is registered in the accountancy, and, at the same time, through its size, concreted in stocks, it influences the total of the circulant actives and the net active, and the financial result of the exercise. These aspects can be arguments for the option of approaching this work’s theme, in which there are analised the following problems: the general structure and the particularities of the production cost in lignite extraction and the directions for the minimization of the effective production cost, including for the applying of the standard-cost method.lignite stocks, production costs, actual cost, standard cost, cost reduction.

Structural changes and productivity in the crisis period in Romania. The industry case

The present crisis is a new case study for the theories regarding economic fluctuations. The interpretation of this phenomenon varies from the acceptance of its character of rule in the history of capitalism, which brings corrections to excess in human behaviour, to the emphasis on its uniqueness determined by the effects of unprecedented globalization. The Romanian economy went through the crisis by having persistent structural problems which were partially masked by the expansion during the previous period of sustained economic growth. Considering that productivity is a significant parameter for the competitiveness of the national economy and that the healthy economic growth is a chance for diminishing the gap to other European countries, the paper aims at the identification of the economic activities which have contributed to economic growth until 2008 and of the potential sources of economic recovery in the next period. The research uses the empirical analysis in order to see the effects of the crisis, as well as to understand the signals given by the productivity trend regarding structural changes after the crisis started. Since the industry had a fast recovery in 2011 compared to other EU countries, the analysis is extended to the contribution of this activity to economic growth

Non-compaction cardiomyopathy – brief review

Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy is a genetic disorder characterized by the presence of two myocardial layers with numerous prominent trabeculations and deep inter-trabecular recesses that communicate with the ventricular cavity. The diagnosis is often challenging because excessive trabeculations may also be a normal finding in performance athletes and black people. Echocardiography is the gold standard for diagnosis of this condition, but other useful diagnostic techniques may include cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and contrast ventriculography. Moreover, newer echocardiographic methods such as three-dimensional imaging and speckle tracking analysis promise to improve the diagnosis of left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. The purpose of this paper is to review the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of this disease

Linking the Supermassive Black Hole Growth with the Megamaser Emission

High-resolution observations of the central few 100 pc of the galactic nuclear environments remain prohibitive for large statistical samples, which are crucial for tracing the links between central black hole formation, galaxy formation and AGN activity over cosmic time. With this contribution, we present novel ways of connecting the physics of black hole accretion with its immediate environs via a new quantitative evaluation of the degree to which the strength and spatial configuration of the water maser emission is associated with the nuclear nebular galactic activity. We discuss possible evolutionary/causal connections between these two types of emission, together with criteria that could dramatically enhance our search for mega-maser systems in nearby galactic centers. These are timely results given the interest in combining high-resolution observations with extremely large optical telescopes and large arrays that start to conquer the sub-millimeter window.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, to appear in "The Central Kiloparsec in Galactic Nuclei: Astronomy at High Angular Resolution 2011", open access Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS), published by IOP Publishin

The effectiveness of the cardiac resynchronization in a patient with ischemic cardiomyopathy

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in multiple and large trials has been demonstrated to improve symptoms and decrease hospitalization and mortality of patients when used in addition to optimal medical therapy. The global mechanical performance of the heart is affected in subjects with heart failure by atrio-ventricular, interventricular, or intraventricular conduction disorders, which lead to the desynchronization of electrical activity. Cardiac resynchronization therapy can effectively improve the clinical and haemodynamic status of these patients. According to literature data, CRT is performed only on well-selected patients (who qualify for CRT based on current indications), and approximately 70% of those patients respond favorably. We present the case of a patient responsive to cardiac resynchronization therapy which led to lowering of his NYHA classification and to improvement of left ventricle hemodynamics. The benefits of cardiac resynchronization therapy were multiple in this case, including improved tolerance to physical exercise and a decreased rate of hospitalization, which overall led to improved quality of life

THE CAPACITY OF URBAN CENTRES TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN ROMANIA. AN INQUIRY FROM R&D AND INNOVATION PERSPECTIVE

Among the EU countries, Romania displays the highest share of rural population (45%), most of it employed in agriculture. Moreover, there is a significant variation between the eight NUTS 2 regions with regards to the urban distribution and dynamics, with important intra-regional differences between the constituent counties. This paper proposes an inquiry into the capacity of urban centres to contribute to rural development in Romania from R&D and innovation perspective. First, the rural-urban gap is discussed, pointing at the consequences of the delay in implementing the reform of the production system in agriculture in terms of employment and income. Then, the positive influence of towns and cities on raising the share of employment in non-agricultural activities in rural areas is demonstrated by means of the available statistical data. Further on, the analysis of the regional dimension of R&D and innovation shows an increasing polarisation both between and within the eight development regions. The main conclusion is that the regions or counties with predominantly agricultural activities developed in subsistence households are not enough prepared to access R&D and innovation results. This conclusion is also confirmed by a regression model that analyses the influence of rural areas on regional growth. The above findings are examined in correlation with the expected positive contribution of the current rural development programme as well as of the regional operational programme and competitiveness sectorial programme funded by the EU

The Spatial Clustering of Low Luminosity AGN

We present the first multi-parameter analysis of the narrow line AGN clustering properties. Estimates of the two-point correlation function (CF) based on SDSS DR2 data reveal that Seyferts are clearly less clustered than normal galaxies, while the clustering amplitude (r_0) of LINERs is consistent with that of the parent galaxy population. The similarities in the host properties (color and concentration index) of Seyferts and LINERs suggest that the difference in their r_0 is not driven by the morphology-density relation. We find that the luminosity of [O I] emission shows the strongest influence on AGN clustering, with low L([O I]) sources having the highest r_0. This trend is much stronger than the previously detected dependence on L([O III]), which we confirm. There is a strong correspondence between the clustering patterns of objects of given spectral type and their physical properties. LINERs, which exhibit high r_0, show the lowest luminosities and obscuration levels, and relatively low gas densities (n_e), suggesting that these objects harbor black holes that are relatively massive yet weakly active or inefficient in their accretion, probably due to the insufficiency of their fuel supply. Seyferts, which have low r_0, are luminous and show large n_e, suggesting that their black holes are less massive but accrete quickly and efficiently enough to clearly dominate the ionization. The low r_0 of the H II galaxies can be understood as a consequence of both the morphology-density and star formation rate-density relations, however, their spectral properties suggest that their centers hide amidst large amounts of obscuring material black holes of generally low mass whose activity remains relatively feeble. Our own Milky Way may be a typical such case.[abridged]Comment: 27 pages, color figures, some are severely degraded in resolution, emulateapj. See http://www.physics.drexel.edu/~constant/work/agnclustering.ps for high resolution version. Accepted to Ap