Immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangements in non-HCC-like xenografts.

<p>PCR amplification of the variable region of the human IgH gene demonstrating unique dominant rearrangements in all of the non-HCC-like xenografts, confirming clonal B-cell proliferation. Dominant rearrangements were not amplified in HCC-like xenografts. Successful amplification of the β-globin gene confirms integrity of the genomic DNA analyzed.</p

Expression of leukocyte markers and EBER in non-HCC-like xenografts.

<p>(A) Representative section (×200) from a parent HCC sample that gave rise to a non-HCC-like xenograft, demonstrating a typical distribution of CD45⁺ leukocytes along a portal tract invaded by the tumor, only a small fraction of which are CD20⁺ B lymphocytes; EBER ISH is negative. (B) Representative sections (×400) from three non-HCC-like xenografts demonstrating that a very high proportion of cells stain positively for human CD45 and human CD20 (brown), consistent with human B lymphocytes; EBER ISH is very strongly positive in the cells in these xenografts (dark blue). (C) Representative multiparameter flow cytometry analysis of freshly isolated cells from a non-HCC-like xenograft demonstrating that a large proportion of tumor cells are human CD45⁺ leukocytes (left plot), and that the majority of the gated CD45⁺ population also expresses human CD19⁺ (right plot), consistent with B lymphocytes.</p

Patient demographics, parent HCC grade, and xenograft characteristics.

a<p>Degree of tumor differentiation documented in clinical pathology report.</p>b<p>Number of days between implantation of tumor sample and harvesting of a 1.5 cm3 xenograft.</p>c<p>Both xenografts demonstrated similar histology.</p>d<p>Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.</p