Hemifacial Microsomia: A Mini-Review and Case Report

Objectives Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is an asymmetric craniofacial malformation, which results from hypoplasia of the first and second branchial arch components and is characterized by a wide spectrum of phenotypic expressions, varying from the underdevelopment of the temporomandibular joint, mandible, facial and trigeminal nerves, masticatory muscles, ears, and hypoplastic maxillary, temporal, orbital, and zygomatic bones to conductive hearing loss due to external and middle ear deformities. Management of this developmental defect is multidisciplinary and associated with various phenotypic spectra and severities. A wide range of treatment protocols, such as surgical interventions, have been proposed, especially for mandibular hypoplasia, including rib or fibular bone grafting, distraction osteogenesis (DO), orthognathic surgery, and a combination of these procedures. Case In this study, the treatment course and 17-year follow-up of a patient with HFM were described. The treatment included autogenous costochondral grafting, followed by full-time application of an asymmetric hybrid functional appliance, fixed orthodontic therapy, orthognathic surgery, and contour modification surgery to achieve optimal facial aesthetics. Conclusion Patients can benefit from functional jaw orthopedics psychosocially and the consequent enhanced facial symmetry during childhood and adolescence is really advantageous   &nbsp

Effectiveness of Group Hope Therapy on Quality of life and Resilience in Addicted Women

Background and Objectives: Hope therapy as a positive psychological intervention can be helpful in reducing the psychological problems in addicted people. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of group hope therapy on quality of life and resilience in addicted women. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted on 30 addicted women who referred to the Rehabilitation Center of Varavard, Tehran, Iran, using the pretest-posttest design and a control group. The participants were divided into experimental and control groups based on the obtained scores regarding the quality of life and resilience. The data were collected using the World Health Organization Quality of Life and Connor -Davidson Resilience Scale. Data analysis was performed by analysis of covariance in SPSS, version 20. Results: According to the results, the mean quality of life (F=54.42, P<0.01) and resilience (F=7.02, P<0.01) significantly increased in the intervention group at the posttest stage. Nonetheless, no significant difference was observed in the control group in this regard. Conclusion: As the findings indicated, group hope therapy could improve the quality of life and resilience in the addicted women. In addition, this therapy could enforce the addicted people to achieve the positive self-concept and actualize their positive potential ability. Consequently, the mental health professionals are recommended to use this intervention along with other pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical therapies to improve the quality of life and resilience in the addicted women

[41] Complications of temporary urinary diversion using nephrostomy tube or JJ ureteric stent in pregnant women with symptomatic urolithiasis

Objective: To report the complications of JJ stent and percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) tube causing hospitalisation of pregnant women, as symptomatic urolithiasis is one of the most important causes of abdominal pain during pregnancy and in some situations it is better to implement temporary treatment and postpone any surgical procedures. Methods: In this cohort study, from August 2013 to September 2016, 23 pregnant women with urolithiasis were referred to our centre in whom temporary urinary diversion was performed. The mean (SD; range) patient age was 27.1 (4.8; 20–37) years and most of them (69.5%) presented in the first trimester. All the procedures were done under ultrasonographic guidance with local anaesthesia. All the patients were followed routinely in the Urology and Gynaecology and Obstetrics clinics. Results: We inserted a PCN tube in 12 patients (52.1%) and a JJ stent in 11 (47.8%). The mean (SD) age of the patients was 27.5 (5.4) years in the PCN Group and 26.7 (4.3) years in the JJ-stent Group (P = 0.710). Of these, seven patients (30.4%) developed complications including febrile UTI (two of 12 in the PCN Group and one of 11 in the JJ-stent Group) and bothersome stent-related symptoms (four of 11 in the JJ-stent Group).The occurrence of complications was not significantly different between the groups (two of 12 in the PCN Group vs five of 11 in the JJ-stent Group, P =  0.193); these patients were admitted and after stabilisation surgical treatment using ureteroscopy was performed. Surgical treatments were done in the second trimester. All the patients completed their pregnancies to full-term without any serious obstetric complications. Conclusion: Temporary urinary diversion using a JJ stent or PCN tube can be associated with some potential complications that can threaten the mother and her foetus. In these situations, we advise temporary management until the second trimester when the surgical procedure is safer

Parry-Romberg syndrome: A case report of non-invasive treatment

Parry-Romberg syndrome is an uncommon condition, self-limiting with slow progressive hemifacial atrophy. This syndrome can lead to several progressive congenital and developmental deformities. It can cause severe facial asymmetry and subsequently lead to esthetic and psychological problems and adversely affect patient&rsquo;s quality of life, so its treatment holds great importance. Still, there is no exact treatment protocol for this disease, treatment approaches are bounded and patient&rsquo;s response to the treatment is imponderable. However, most of the patients can benefit from conservative treatments. In this paper, we have reported a moderate case of Parry-Romberg syndrome, with no familial history of any syndromes. We also have discussed about present anomalies and the steps of exerted conservative treatments

Chylous ascites as a rare complication of abdominal trauma in a 7‐year‐old girl: A case report

Key Clinical Message Abdominal trauma can be one of the causes of chylous ascites in pediatric cases, along with tuberculosis and malignancy. However, a definitive diagnosis is more reasonable to be done by excluding other causes. Abstract Chylous ascites (CA) is a rare type of ascites. Though it has high mortality and morbidity rates, which usually happen due to the rupture of lymph vessels into the peritoneal cavity. Congenital abnormalities, including lymphatic hypoplasia or dysplasia, are the most causes in pediatrics. CA following trauma in children is very rare, and to the best of our knowledge, there are very few reports in this regard. Here, we report a 7‐year‐old girl who was referred to our center with CA after a car accident

Crescentic Glomerulonephritis in A Child With Tea- Colored Urine: A Case Report: Crescentic glomerulonephritis

A 12-year-old girl was admitted with tea-colored urine for 24 hours. She had normal bloodpressure and no edema with a rapid and progressive increase in serum creatinine, so one session of hemodialysis was done. The condition got worse by a thrombus formation in the heart. &nbsp;Urinalysis showed proteinuria and hematuria. The kidney biopsy revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis. Treatment with 3 pulses of methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide, and antithrombotic drugs were given with rapid recovery to normal serum creatinine and decrease in proteinuria. C3 was normalized after 2 months, and the clot disappeared, while hematuria and proteinuria continued as 1+ after 5 months. Due to the continuous proteinuria, Myfortic was continued for one year. Then, after stopping Myfortic, proteinuria did not return, and only microscopic hematuria continued.In conclusion, severe crescentic glomerulonephritis may have minimal symptoms and becomplicated by heart thrombosis but with excellent response to medical therapy

Concentration and Distribution Characteristics of Airborne Fungi in the Ambient Air of Milad Hospital, Blood Transfusion Organization and Tehran’s Shahrake Ghods Wastewater Treatment Plant

Background and aims: Recently contact with bioaerosols has been presented as an important problem which endangers human being&rsquo;s health. The aim of this investigation is to compare potential of separation of fungal aerosols in the air around Tehran&rsquo;s Milad hospital, blood transfusion organization and waste water treatment plant of Tehran&rsquo;s Shahrake Ghods. methods: this cross-sectional investigation was done in Milad hospital, blood transfusion organization and Tehran&rsquo;s Shahrake Ghods waste water treatment plant within for 4 months. The sampling was done passively for 1 hour and once in 6 days. The culture medium was Sabouraud dextrose agar. Results: comparing selected sampling stations the most fungal density was for 100 meters after the last unit of waste water treatment plant (67 CFU) and the least density was for Milad hospital (30 CFU). Dominant genera of fungal in waste water treatment plant and blood transfusion organization was related to Cladosporium (in order of 49% and 84%) and in air around Milad hospital was related to Alternaria (47%). Conclusion: according to the results processing and operating sections in waste water treatment plant can be effective in fungal density and separation of bioaerosols. Therefore it seems to be vital that the responsible organizations should do necessary actions to develop guidelines and standards related to bioaerosols. Also appropriate administration of environmental health in waste water treatment plant can be an important factor in reduction of aerosol separation

Exposure to needle stick injuries among health care workers in hemodialysis units in the southwest of Iran: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Needle stick injury (NSI) is the most common cause of infection with blood-borne pathogens (BBP) among healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of NSI and it’s contributing factors among HCWs of hemodialysis (HD) units in southwest Iran. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 13 HD centers in Shiraz, Iran. A total of 122 employees were enrolled in our study. We used self-administrated questionnaires to collect data about demographics, experiences regarding NSIs, and general health status. The statistical tests used in this study were Chi-square and Independent T-test. A P-value  10 years (p = 0.040), and those who graduated earlier (p = 0.031). The intravenous injection was the most common procedure leading to NSI, and being in a hurry was the most common cause. The average general health was 3.7 ± 3.2, higher among those not exposed to NSI (p = 0.042). Conclusion NSI is a prevalent hazard in HCWs of HD units. The high rate of NSI and unreported cases, besides the lack of adequate information, indicates the necessity of implementing protocols and strategies for improving the safety of this personnel. It is difficult to compare the result of this study with those performed among HCWs in other settings; hence, further studies are needed to determine whether HCWs of these units are more exposed to NSIs