Plasma concentrations of BDNF, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in the alcohol group according to alcohol-induced liver and pancreas diseases.

<p>(A) BDNF (pg/mL); (B) IGF-1 (ng/mL); and (C) IGFBP-3 (μg/mL) in alcohol group. Bars are the back-transformed means and 95% CI from logarithmic data. (*) p<0.05 denotes significant differences between the disease and no-disease subgroups.</p

Plasma concentrations of BDNF, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in the alcohol and control groups.

<p>(A) BDNF (pg/mL); (B) IGF-1 (ng/mL); and (C) IGFBP-3 (μg/mL). Bars are the back-transformed means and 95% CI from logarithmic data. (***) p<0.001 denotes significant differences between the alcohol and control groups.</p

Correlation analysis between age and plasma concentrations of IGF-1, BDNF and IGFBP-3.

<p>(A) IGF-1 (ng/mL) and age (years) in the total sample; (B) BDNF (pg/mL) and age (years) in the total sample; (C) IGFBP-3 (μg/mL) and age (years) in the total sample; (D) IGF-1 (ng/mL) and IGFBP-3 (μg/mL) in the total sample. Dots represent individual raw values. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and p-value are indicated for statistical significance. Note: One outlier value (4.313 pg/mL and 60 years old) was not represented.</p

Variables associated with AUD and psychiatric comorbidity in the alcohol group.

<p>Variables associated with AUD and psychiatric comorbidity in the alcohol group.</p

Baseline socio-demographic variables.

<p>Baseline socio-demographic variables.</p

Correlation analyses between plasma concentrations of BDNF, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 and age in abstinent cocaine users (black circles) and control subjects (white circles).

<p><b>A)</b> BDNF (pg/mL); <b>B)</b> IGF-1 (ng/mL); and <b>C)</b> IGFBP-3 (μg/mL). Dots are individual values. (r) Pearson´s correlation coefficient; (rho) Spearman´s correlation coefficient; (p) p-value for statistical significance.</p

Plasma concentrations of BDNF, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 according to sex in abstinent cocaine users and control subjects.

<p><b>A)</b> BDNF (pg/mL); <b>B)</b> IGF-1 (ng/mL); and <b>C)</b> IGFBP-3 (μg/mL). Bars are the means and SD. Data were analyzed by two-way analyses (cocaine use [cocaine group and control group] and sex [women and men]).</p

Plasma concentrations of BDNF, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in abstinent cocaine users grouped by diagnosis of common psychiatric disorders in substance users.

<p>Plasma concentrations of BDNF, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in abstinent cocaine users grouped by diagnosis of common psychiatric disorders in substance users.</p