44,301 research outputs found
Electronic structure and magnetic properties of Gd-doped and Eu-rich EuO
The effects of Gd doping and O vacancies on the magnetic interaction and
Curie temperature of EuO are studied using first-principles calculations.
Linear response calculations in the virtual crystal approximation show a broad
maximum in the Curie temperature as a function of doping, which results from
the combination of the saturating contribution from indirect exchange and a
decreasing contribution from the f-d hopping mechanism. Non-Heisenberg
interaction at low doping levels and its effect on the Curie temperature are
examined. The electronic structure of a substitutional Gd and of an O vacancy
in EuO are evaluated. When the 4f spins are disordered, the impurity state goes
from single to double occupation, but correlated bound magnetic polarons are
not ruled out. At higher vacancy concentrations typical for Eu-rich EuO films,
the impurity states broaden into bands and remain partially filled. To go
beyond the homogeneous doping picture, magnetostructural cluster expansions are
constructed, which describe the modified exchange parameters near Gd dopants or
O vacancies. Thermodynamic properties are studied using Monte Carlo
simulations. The Curie temperature for Gd-doped EuO agrees with the results of
the virtual crystal approximation and shows a maximum of about 150 K. At 3.125%
vacancy concentration the Curie temperature increases to 120 K, consistent with
experimental data for Eu-rich film samples.Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures, under review in Physical Review
Observation of sub-Poisson photon statistics in the cavity-QED microlaser
We have measured the second-order correlation function of the cavity-QED
microlaser output and observed a transition from photon bunching to
antibunching with increasing average number of intracavity atoms. The observed
correlation times and the transition from super- to sub-Poisson photon
statistics can be well described by gain-loss feedback or enhanced/reduced
restoring action against fluctuations in photon number in the context of a
quantum microlaser theory and a photon rate equation picture. However, the
theory predicts a degree of antibunching several times larger than that
observed, which may indicate the inadequacy of its treatment of atomic velocity
distributions.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Magnetic effects in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies
The time-evolution and space-distribution of internal electromagnetic fields
in heavy-ion reactions at beam energies between 200 and 2000 MeV/nucleon are
studied within an Isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uhling-Uhlenbeck transport model
IBUU11. While the magnetic field can reach about G which is
significantly higher than the estimated surface magnetic field (
G) of magnetars, it has almost no effect on nucleon observables as the Lorentz
force is normally much weaker than the nuclear force. Very interestingly,
however, the magnetic field generated by the projectile-like (target-like)
spectator has a strong focusing/diverging effect on positive/negative pions at
forward (backward) rapidities. Consequently, the differential
ratio as a function of rapidity is significantly altered by the magnetic field
while the total multiplicities of both positive and negative pions remain about
the same. At beam energies above about 1 GeV/nucleon, while the integrated
ratio of total to multiplicities is not, the differential
ratio is sensitive to the density dependence of nuclear symmetry
energy . Our findings suggest that magnetic effects should
be carefully considered in future studies of using the differential
ratio as a probe of the at supra-saturation
densities.Comment: 12 pages including 8 figures and 1 tabl
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