A comparison study of flow analysis in 2-plate mould and 3-plate mould using computer software analysis

This paper studies the comparison of flow analysis in 2-plate mould and 3-plate mould on an Electronic Cash Register (ECR) plastic product using computer software analysis. There are three parts in ECR plastic product which including top casing, bottom casing and paper holder. Improvements on design of gate, runner, sprue, water holes and plastic parts were made to ensure optimum result analysis. This project started from design all the three parts of 3D modeling in the Unigraphic software and then transfer to Rhinoceros software for post processing and finally used Moldex software as a final stage for flow analysis in 2-plate and 3-plate mould. In the Moldex software the filling melt front time, packing melt front time, cooling and warpage analysis were done to determine and to solve the part defects which including short shot, unequal filling, over filling, welding line, cooling time and measured the value of warpage. Some calculations were done to determine the size of gate, runner and sprue to ensure the smooth flow of plastic material into the cavities area. In addition, calculations had been used for water holes design, which based from the distance of plastic parts surface to the distance of external diameters of water holes. This project showed encouraging on analysis results for all the three parts of ECR product. It solved various problems including short shot, unequal filling, overfilling, welding line, cooling time and measured the warpage value on the all three parts

Assessment of drinking water quality using principal component analysis and partial least square discriminant analysis: a case study at water treatment plants, Selangor

This study characterizes the drinking water quality on 28 water treatmentt plants in Selangor from 2009 to 2012 using multivariate techniques. The objectives of this study are to analyze the quality of collected drinking water and to detect the source of pollution for the most revealing  parameters.  The  Partial  Least  Square  Discriminant  Analysis (PLS-DA)  model showed a high correlation matrix of analysis for physicochemical quality of two types of water with  99.43% significant  value.  The classification  matrix  accuracy of the principal component  analysis  (PCA) highlighted  13  significant  physico-chemical water quality parameters and 14 significant heavy metal parameters. PCA was carried out to identify the origin and source of pollution of each water quality parameters. Therefore, this study proves that chemometric method is the principle way to characterize the drinking water quality.Keywords: partial least square, discriminant analysis; principal component analysis; drinking water qualit

Development of android application for computation of air pollutant index and water quality index

Past few decades, human have experienced a revolution in the computer sciences, not only in terms of its ability but also in terms of its use. Advancement of smartphone technology had produced rapid yet incredible invention in many sectors such as construction, agriculture, education, health and many more. This paper will discuss about the development of the application that is used to calculate the API and WQI indices. WQI and API calculator application was named as My.Index Calculator. The application can run on Android version 3.0 (Honeycomb) until the latest version of it (Lollipop). The application provides better alternatives to the index calculation and data management. Now, the researchers and students can calculate the index value at anytime and anywhere with the help of the application. In addition, it is way easier and faster to calculate the index.Keywords: water quality index; air pollutant index; programming; androi

Assessment by multivariate analysis of family support

This study involves the assessment of family support based on a new instrument (questionnaire). 200 respondents were selected and a multivariate analysis was used  to analyze a large set of variables. A complete set of family support towards opiate dependents was analyzed by a principal component analysis, followed by a cluster analysis of the PCA results to determine the variation of the questionnaires and identify the characteristics of high variation questions. The result showed that there are 7 questions which have high variation in answers given by respondents (39.09% of cumulative variation), and a further analysis by cluster analysis  categorized all  those questions into  3 groups. Cluster 2 had the highest variation  question  (HVQ),  and  this  was  followed  by  cluster  1  with question (MVQ) and the lowest variation question (LVQ) was in cluster 3. Keywords: family support; opiate dependent; PCA; CA; spiritua

Friction performance analysis of waste tire rubber powder reinforced polypropylene using pin-on-disk tribometer

Waste tire rubber powder reinforced polypropylene composites were established with different set of compositions ranging from 0% to 40%, where coefficient of friction for each of them was analyzed by pin on disk tribometer. The tribological effect between the pin-disk reveals of how the reinforcement plays a vital role in enhancing the coefficient of friction as compared to virgin polypropylene. This paper also elaborates in detail of how the matrix, reinforcement, specimen and test were prepared and conducted via critically designed methodology. A specially designed non-metallic parted line mold was used to ease specimen removal. SEM micrographs provides clearer view of what actually happens between the inter layer bonding of matrix and reinforced materials. The promising findings not only save the environment by utilizing waste tires which are often difficult to be disposed, but it also significantly enhanced the coefficient of friction for pure polypropylene which is highly potential to be used in engineering applications. The correlation between these materials was found towards routing an alternative way of how waste tires could be utilized to engineer new composite materials

Nutritional and socio-economic determinants of cognitive function and educational achievement of Aboriginal schoolchildren in rural Malaysia

A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among Aboriginal schoolchildren aged 7-12 years living in remote areas in Pos Betau, Pahang, Malaysia to investigate the potential determinants influencing the cognitive function and educational achievement of these children. Cognitive function was measured by intelligence quotient (IQ), while examination scores of selected school subjects were used in assessing educational achievement. Blood samples were collected to assess serum Fe status. All children were screened for soil-transmitted helminthes. Demographic and socio-economic data were collected using pre-tested questionnaires. Almost two-thirds (67.6 ) of the subjects had poor IQ and most of them (72.6) had insufficient educational achievement. Output of the stepwise multiple regression model showed that poor IQ was significantly associated with low household income which contributed the most to the regression variance (r(2) 0.059; P=0.020). Low maternal education was also identified as a significant predictor of low IQ scores (r(2) 0.042; P=0.043). With educational achievement, Fe-deficiency anaemia (IDA) was the only variable to show significant association (r(2) 0.025; P=0.015). In conclusion, the cognitive function and educational achievement of Aboriginal schoolchildren are poor and influenced by household income, maternal education and IDA. Thus, effective and integrated measures to improve the nutritional and socio-economic status of rural children would have a pronounced positive effect on their education

Analysation of performances of CNC high speed milling machine using multi-walled carbon nanotubes as additives in cutting fluid

High quality products produced by computerized numerical control machining has a high demand in the industry due to its effect on product appearance, function, and reliability. In order to improve its quality, the application of nano-cutting fluid system can significantly reduce the cutting forces, surface roughness and cutting temperature as the nanoparticles are known as superior in reducing the friction between the workpiece-tool. In this study, nano-cutting fluid containing multi-wall carbon nanotubes mixed with vegetable oil is developed and applied to the cutting process of aluminium alloy Al6061 which employed minimum quantity lubricant to increase the effectiveness of the nano-cutting fluid. Surface roughness and cutting forces are analyzed by using signal-to-noise response analysis and the analysis of variance (Pareto ANOVA) to determine the optimum parameter of the experiment. The experiment shows the combinations of nanoparticle concentration (A2, 0.2 %), cutting speed (B1, 1000 min -1 ), feed rate (C3, 200 mm/min) and depth of cut (D1, 2 mm) for lowest cutting force, nanoparticle concentration (A3, 0.8 %), cutting speed (B1, 1000 min -1 ), feed rate (C2, 150 mm/min) and depth of cut (D1, 2 mm) for lowest cutting temperature and nanoparticle concentration (A2, 0.2 %), cutting speed (B2, 2000 min -1 ), feed rate (C2, 150 mm/min) and depth of cut (D1, 2 mm) for lowest surface roughness

Metal concentration at surface water using multivariate analysis and human health risk assessment

This study defined the concentration of metals in Kerteh and Paka River water and their potential health  risk  towards human. 54  water  samples  were  collected  and  analyzed  using  ICP-OES. Results revealed that most of the stations in Kerteh River gave the higher concentration of Cd, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, As, Cr and Pb compared to Paka River. However As, Cr and Pb have exceeded the permissible limit of Malaysia standard for all stations in both rivers. Cd, Cu, Zn, Co and Ni were below than Malaysian  standard permissible levels  during  the sampling period.  The  principal component  analysis (PCA) revealed  that both  geogenic  and  anthropogenic  sources  were responsible to possible metals contamination in both rivers. Moreover, risk assessments for all metals were within the safe limits, except for As in the Kerteh River for both adult and child as well as to Paka River for both genders.Keywords: metal; ICP-OES; principal component analysis; risk assessmen