Demographic characteristics of the study population.

<p>Demographic characteristics of the study population.</p

Comparison of the expression of potential markers of relative pDCs maturation during acute DENV infection.

<p>(A) Representative histogram plots showing expression of the potential maturation markers on pDCs in blood samples from healthy subjects (solid black line, upper panel) and DENV-infected patients (solid black line, lower panel). The shaded grey histograms represent profiles obtained using isotype controls. The relative proportion of CD40 (B), CD80 (C), CD83 (D), and CD86 (E) -expressing pDCs were compared between healthy subjects and DENV-infected patients of both DF and DHF patients. The box plot shows the median value (horizontal line in the box). The box and whisker represent 25^th to 75^th, and 10^th to 90^th interquartile range, respectively. P values were determined by the Dunn’s post-test after Kruskal-Wallis test for comparison of three groups. (* p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01).</p

Comparison of the relative proportion of mDCs, pDCs and DN subset in blood samples from DENV infected patients and healthy subjects.

<p>The mean of relative proportion (%) of mDCs, pDCs, and DN were analyzed in blood samples from 68 DENV-infected samples and 14 healthy returned subjects (A). The relative proportion of mDCs (B) pDCs (C) and DN subsets (D) were compared between healthy and DENV-infected patients. The relative proportion of mDCs (E), pDCs (F) and DN subsets (G) were compared between DF and DHF patients. The box plot shows the median value (horizontal line in the box). The box and whisker represent 25^th to 75^th, and 10^th to 90^th interquartile range, respectively. P values were determined by the Mann-Whitney U test for comparison of two groups. (* p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001 and **** p < 0.0001).</p

Comparison of the relative proportion and MFI of CD33-expressing mDCs and pDCs during acute DENV infection.

<p>The relative proportion of CD33-expressing mDCs (A) and pDCs (B) were compared between three groups, healthy subjects, DF and DHF patients. The relative proportion of CD33-expressing CD16⁺ mDCs in DENV-infected patients were compared with healthy individuals (C). The MFI of CD33 on mDCs (D), pDCs (E), CD16⁺ mDCs (F), CD1b⁺ mDCs (G), CD141⁺ mDCs (H) were compared between healthy subjects and DENV-infected patients. The box plot shows the median value (horizontal line in the box). The box and whisker represent 25^th to 75^th, and 10^th to 90^th interquartile range, respectively. P values were determined by the Dunn’s post-test after Kruskal-Wallis test for comparison of three groups or Mann-Whitney U test for comparison between two groups. (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 and **** p < 0.0001).</p

Comparison of the expression of potential markers of relative mDCs maturation during acute DENV infection.

<p>(A) Representative histogram plots showing maturation markers on mDCs on blood samples from healthy subjects (solid black line, upper panel) and DENV-infected patients (solid black line, lower panel). The shaded grey histograms represent profiles obtained using isotype controls. The relative proportion of CD40 (B), CD80 (C), CD83 (D), and CD86 (E) -expressing mDCs were compared on samples from healthy subjects and DENV-infected patients, DF and DHF patients. The box plot shows the median value (horizontal line in the box). The box and whisker represent 25^th to 75^th, and 10^th to 90^th interquartile range, respectively. P values were determined by the Dunn’s post-test after Kruskal-Wallis test for comparison of three groups. (** p < 0.01 and **** p < 0.0001).</p

Comparison of the relative proportion of mDC subsets in DENV infected patients.

<p>Distribution of each of the three mDC subsets as a percentage of total DCs during acute DENV was analyzed from 64 DENV-infected samples and 14 healthy subjects (A). The relative proportion (%) of CD16⁺ mDCs (B), CD1b⁺ mDCs (C) and CD141⁺ mDCs (D) as a percentage of total mDCs in DENV-infected patients were compared with those of healthy subjects. The box plot shows the median value (horizontal line in the box). The box and whisker represent 25^th to 75^th, and 10^th to 90^th interquartile range, respectively. P values were determined by the Mann-Whitney U test for comparison between two groups. (* p < 0.05, *** p <0.001 and **** p < 0.0001).</p

Kinetic changes of the maturation markers on mDCs during acute DENV infection.

<p>Expression of CD40 (A), CD80 (B), CD83 (C) and CD86 (D) -expressing mDCs were determined at different days of fever ranging from febrile day-2 (D-2) and day-1 (D-1) to defervescence day 0 (D0) and day+1 (D+1) and to afebrile day+2 (D+2). Data are median and interquartile range. P values were determined by the Dunn’s post-test after Kruskal-Wallis test for comparison of the three groups. The median of relative proportion on samples from healthy subjects are denoted by a dashed line.</p

Kinetic changes of DC subsets during acute DENV infection.

<p>The kinetics of the relative proportion of mDCs (A), pDCs (B), DN (C), CD16⁺ mDCs (D), CD1b⁺ mDCs (E), and CD141⁺ mDCs (F) on samples from DENV-infected patients were determined at different days of fever ranging from febrile day-2 (D-2) and day-1 (D-1) to defervescence day 0 (D0) and day+1 (D+1) and to afebrile day+2 (D+2). Data are median and interquartile range. P values were determined by the Dunn’s post-test after Kruskal-Wallis test for comparison of the three groups. The median of relative proportion on samples from healthy subjects are denoted by a dashed line.</p

Confocal imaging of PPP2R5E and NS5 from DENV1 and DENV2.

<p>A. The main link motifs in NS5 proteins from DENV1 and DENV2. B. Subcellular localization of PPP2R5E in Huh7 control cells. C. Subcellular localization of PPP2R5E in Huh7 control and after 24h, 48h and 72h of transfection with DENV2-NS5 protein. D. Subcellular localization of mutated PPP2R5E in Huh7 control and after 24h, 48h and 72h of transfection with DENV2-NS5 protein. E. Subcellular localization of PPP2R5E in Huh7 control and after 24h, 48h and 72h of transfection with DENV1-NS5 protein. Green immunofluorescence indicates PPP2R5E, red indicates NS5, blue flags nucleus. Yellow signals indicate co-localization of NS5 and PPP2R5E, and was obtained by overlapping the two panels. Original magnification, ×630.</p

Worldwide (from the 1000 Genomes database) and Thai dengue cohorts (control, DF and DSS) frequencies for significantly associated haplotypes in the various genes.

<p>A- <i>PLCB4</i>; B- <i>PLCE1</i>; C- <i>MICB</i>; D- <i>CHST10</i>; E- <i>AHRR</i>; F- <i>GRIP1</i>; G- <i>PPP2R5E</i>. The protective and causative haplotypes are highlighted.</p