Nevirapine- Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir-Based Initial Therapy for HIV-1 Infection among Women in Africa: A Randomized Trial

In a randomized control trial, Shahin Lockman and colleagues compare nevirapine-based therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir-based therapy for HIV-infected women without previous exposure to antiretroviral treatment

A multinational study of neurological performance in antiretroviral therapy-naïve HIV-1-infected persons in diverse resource-constrained settings

Little is known about how the prevalence and incidence of neurological disease in HIV-infected patients in resource-limited settings. We present an analysis of neurological and neurocognitive function in antiretroviral naïve individuals in multinational resource-limited settings

Selected characteristics of OCTANE trial 2 participants at baseline.

<p>Percentages use number of participants with a result as the denominator.</p>a<p>Race was collected as it could potentially be related to treatment response and was reported by the site investigators.</p>b<p>All women had screening CD4<200 cells/mm³, but at study entry, 58 women had CD4≥200 cells/mm³.</p>c<p>K103N.</p

Kaplan-Meier plot of time to early discontinuation of initial randomized treatment for any reason (toxicity, intolerance, VF, death), by randomized treatment arm.

<p>Kaplan-Meier plot of time to early discontinuation of initial randomized treatment for any reason (toxicity, intolerance, VF, death), by randomized treatment arm.</p

Kaplan-Meier plot of time to primary endpoint (VF or death) by randomized treatment arm.

<p>Kaplan-Meier plot of time to primary endpoint (VF or death) by randomized treatment arm.</p

Summary of drug resistance mutations at time of virologic failure.

a<p>Percent mutation per treatment arm calculated as the number of patients with mutation divided by number of patients with genotype results available.</p>b<p>New minor protease-resistance mutations detected for NVP arm were L10I/V and L63P and for LPV/r arm were K20R and K20M (data not shown).</p

Signs/symptoms, laboratory abnormalities, diagnoses, and lipid results among participants on their first randomized treatment regimens.

<p>Subcolumns may not add up to total number of signs/symptoms or laboratory abnormalities, as participants can experience more than one event.</p>a<p>In the NVP and LPV/r arms, respectively, three and 12 participants experienced grade 2 or higher creatinine elevation, and 34 and 19 of participants experienced grade 2 or higher liver test abnormalities.</p><p>HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SGOT, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; SGPT, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase.</p