Heart Diseases Prediction Using Block-chain and Machine Learning

Most people around the globe are dying due to heart disease. The main reason behind the rapid increase in the death rate due to heart disease is that there is no infrastructure developed for the healthcare department that can provide a secure way of data storage and transmission. Due to redundancy in the patient data, it is difficult for cardiac Professionals to predict the disease early on. This rapid increase in the death rate due to heart disease can be controlled by monitoring and eliminating some of the key attributes in the early stages such as blood pressure, cholesterol level, body weight, and addiction to smoking. Patient data can be monitored by cardiac Professionals (Cp) by using the advanced framework in the healthcare departments. Blockchain is the world's most reliable provider. The use of advanced systems in the healthcare departments providing new ways of dealing with diseases has been developed as well. In this article Machine Learning (ML) algorithm known as a sine-cosine weighted k-nearest neighbor (SCA-WKNN) is used for predicting the Hearth disease with the maximum accuracy among the existing approaches. Blockchain technology has been used in the research to secure the data throughout the session and can give more accurate results using this technology. The performance of the system can be improved by using this algorithm and the dataset proposed has been improved by using different resources as well.Comment: page 23, figurse 1

Reconnoitering Milk Constituents of Different Species, Probing and Soliciting Factors to Its Soundness

Milk composition and production varies from species to species, reflecting its diversified benefits on health. Lipids from caprine and ovine milk are anti-obesity and anti-atherogenic while prebiotic in the case of caprine. Higher contents of selenium from caprine and iron from camel milk play a role in immune system and oxygen transport system, respectively, whereas enriched vitamins like riboflavin, folic acid, B6, vitamin A of bovine, and foliate of cattle are effective in the synthesis of hemoglobin, and high niacin content of caprine is anti-cancerous. Camel milk is found to have characteristics of anti-carcinogenic, antidiabetic, and autoimmune therapeutic. Various processing techniques like pasteurization, skim milk powder processing, and ultra-high temperature processing are necessary for safe provision of milk to meet consumers’ demand. Change in flavor, loss of micronutrients, biofilm production, and spore-forming bacteria are prominent challenges during processing. Antimicrobial resistance and disease conditions are exaggerating factors of milk deterioration with respect to quality and quantity. Preclinical trials like somatic cell count, California mastitis test, proteomic analysis, Raman spectroscopy-based analysis, and X-ray fluorescence analysis are helpful in avoiding the spread of disease and controlling of economic losses. This chapter focuses differential functions of bioactive of milk, issues arising during processing techniques, and preclinical studies of milk for safer production and consumption of milk

A comprehensive review on role of phytochemicals in human health

Phytochemicals are plant extracts that are widely used due to their ability to provide health benefits and their therapeutic activity against several disorders. They are also called phytonutrients as they are not really the part of our diet but have several positive effects on ourhealth. They are found to decrease the risk factor of cardiovascular disorders and coronary heart disorders. It has also been found that phytochemicals diminish the risk ratio of several types of cancers including breast, colon and skin cancers. This article revolves around taking carotenoids, chlorophyll and fibers as examples of phytonutrients to evaluate their beneficial role in several diseases. These phytochemicals have been found to be associated with antioxidant activity, retinol activity, cell signaling, improvement of glycemic control, protection against high blood pressure, facilitation in defecation and anti-cancerous activity

Historical Evidence and Documentation of Remedial Flora of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK)

Determining the pharmacognostic specifications of medicinal plants used in several drugs is very necessary and actually crucial. Ethnobotany has significant role in understanding the active relations between the biological diversity and cultural systems. Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) is gifted with variety of medicinal plants. The theme of this chapter is to present information about wild medicinal plants in different areas of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Common woody species are Diospyros lotus, Taxus wallichiana, Viburnum cylindricum, and perennial herbs comprise Geranium nepalense, Oxalis acetosella and Androsace umbellata. Betula utilis, Berberis lycium, Cedrus deodara, Abies pindrow, Pinus wallichiana, Juglans regia and Salix species with large number of herbal diversity at elevations are common. Most of people use wild plants as traditional food and medicine. This ethnic flora not only plays important role in human health care but it is also an important source for present and future drug development. There is need for correct documentation, conservation of plants samples in herbarium of research institutes, and growing plants in gardens

Epidemiology and Antibiotic Succeptibility Profile of Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus among Livestock and Pet Animals

Staphylococcus aureus is an important zoonotic pathogen that is responsible for a variety of infectious diseases in humans and animals. The present study was designed to check the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of MSSA from three different animal origins (bovine, caprine and pet). A total of n= 450 samples (150 each source) were collected from bovine, caprine and pets. Collected samples were subjected to S. aurues identification by microbiological examination and confirmed S. aurues isolates were put to oxacillin disk diffusion test to declare them MSSA. The MSSA confirmed isolates were subjected to various antibiotics for susceptibility profiling using Kirby Baur Disk Diffusion test. The present study found higher prevalence of MSSA from caprine origin (goat 83.33%) as compared to pet (cat 69.33%; dog 65.33%) and bovine origin (buffalo 26.66%; cattle 31.66%). The in-vitro findings of current study revealed oxytetracycline and gentamicin presented 100% efficacy against MSSA of all origins while the vancomycin presented >35%, >40% and > 65% resistance against MSSA isolated from bovine, caprine and pet origin respectively. However, ciprofloxacin was equally effective (50%) against MSSA from buffalo and cattle while >80% efficacy was noted against MSSA from cat and dogs. Linezolid and amoxicillin+ clavulanic acid were 77.78% and 66.67% sensitive to MSSA isolates from caprine milk. The present study found higher prevalence of MSSA from bovine, caprine and pet isolates with diversified pattern of susceptibility of different antibiotics from all sources

Leptospirosis: Rising Nuisance for Cattle and Threat to Public Health

Leptospirosis is a communicable disease at farms that results in abortion and pathological changes in animals and human respectively. Disease is majorly spreading through indirect contact with contaminated urine material. The causative agent belongs to Leptospira genus having 21 species, 25 serogroups, and 250 serovars. The prevalence noted at world level is counted to be 41.39% with 30.11% in Asia, 25.62% in Africa, and 46.42% in South Africa. The virulence is attributed to Loa22 protein which is the first protein identified as essential virulence factor. Pathogenesis involves vasculitis following which are direct cytotoxicity and immunological injury resulting in renal failure. Direct examination, PCR, isothermal methods, microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are diagnostic approaches for leptospirosis. The MAT is a gold standard test for leptospirosis identification. Doxycycline and azithromycin were used as drugs against leptospirosis in mild and severe cases of leptospirosis. Further studies are needed regarding identification, treatment, and effective vaccination