Recent advances in Raktamokshana w.s.r. to modification in Shastra used for Raktamokshana

Raktamokshana in other words, bloodletting is a kind of Para surgery directed for the treatment of specifically Raktaja roga. It is considered as the important and prime process of blood detoxification. It is derived from two words ie; Rakt which means blood & Mokshana which means leave. So the meaning of Raktamokshana is to let the blood out. The blood is expelled out from the body to reduce the toxic substances and this process helps in Raktaja vikara. The process of Raktamokshana can be traced back to the Vedic period only and not beyond that. Sushruta, father of Indian surgery, has given all the information regarding bloodletting in detail in his treatise, "Sushruta Samhita". Sira Vedhan, Sringa Avacharana, Alabu Aavacharana, Jalauka Avacharana, Pracchanna Karma, Ghati Yantra Avacharana and Suchi Avacharana are approaches utilized for blood detoxification. Bloodletting as a method of treatment is indicated in gouty arthritis, filariasis, herpes, tumors, various skin disorders, genital infections, abscess, inflammatory condition, cellulitis, painful ulcers, chronic ulcers resulting from snake bite, etc

Preclinical valuation of anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant action of Nirmali (Strychnos potatorum) seeds in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic Wistar rats: A histopathological investigation

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of Strychnos potatorum seeds in streptozotocin-nicotinamide–induced diabetes in experimental animals. Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was induced in overnight fasted rats by an intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) and, after a 15-minute interval, 120 mg/kg of nicotinamide. S. potatorum extract 200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg body weight was administered orally to the rats once daily for 21 days. The blood glucose level was assessed by a glucometer. The serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and total lipid were determined by using diagnostic kits. Measurement of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione–S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined to ascertain the antioxidant activity. A significant reduction in the blood glucose level was observed in diabetic animals treated with the different doses of the extract, compared to untreated diabetic rats. The treatment with the extract significantly increased the levels of GSH, GPx, GST, CAT, and SOD in the drug-treated group to levels comparable to the levels in the diabetic control group. The result of this study thus shows that 50% of the ethanolic extract at different doses possesses significant antidiabetic activity and potent antioxidant potential in diabetic conditions

People’s Perception about Gender Equity at RHTC, Naila, Jaipur

Gender equality refers to the equal rights, responsibilities, and opportunities of women and men, as well as girls and boys (United Nations Women, 2012). Women in India have suffered gender disparities since ages; although addressed at all fronts (social, political) for last few decades yet we can find scars here and there in the form of gender violence, honor-killing, rape, and social policing. Changes toward equitable gender roles and relations in the community as well as household are a prerequisite to gender equality Promotion of gender equality and empowering of women is one of the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDG) to which India is a signatory. Gender equality and women‘s empowerment are two sides of the same coin: progress toward gender equality requires women‘s empowerment and women‘s empowerment requires increases in gender equality evident by pairing of them in MDG

FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROBALLOONS OF NORFLOXACIN

The present study involves preparation and evaluation of floating microballoons of norfloxacin for improving the bioavailability by prolongation of gastric residence time. norfloxacin, a sparingly water soluble drug, was selected and microballoons were prepared by emulsion solvent diffusion method using Eudragit L-100 and Eudragit RS-100 in ethyl alcohol and dichloromethane organic solvent system. The formation of a sphere and hollow within the sphere was confirmed through SEM studies. The percentage of drug entrapment and recovery was found to be 75- 80%. The micromeritic properties indicated better flowability and packability of the spheres. The Buoyancy test showed good floatability of norfloxacin microballoons in the simulated gastric fluid for more than 12 h. In vitro dissolution profile showed prolonged release of drug from the formulations. Thus microballoons of norfloxacin with acrylic polymers prepared by emulsion solvent diffusion proves to be an ideal novel floating dosage form that is adaptable to any intragastric condition for controlled drug delivery and enhanced bioavailability.Keywords: norfloxacin, hollow microspheres, acrylic polymers, evaluatio