Clinical profile of patients with cutaneous disorders

Background: 50-75% of all the patients who are on dialysis suffer from significant xerosis. But the exact cause is difficult to trace. Acquired ichthyosis is seen in some patients. Atrophy of sebaceous glands is seen in patients with uraemia. Such patients also show overall decrease in sweet volume. Objective was to study the clinical profile of patients with cutaneous disorders.Methods: A hospital based prospective study was carried out from September 2012 to February 2013 at a tertiary care centre of Late Baliram Kashyap memorial government medical college, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, India. A total of 50 patients with cutaneous disorders were studied with respect to their clinical profile. Patients not willing to participate in the present study as per the protocol were excluded from the study. But patients giving their willingness to participate in the present study as per the protocol of the study were included in the study.Results: The males constituted 58% of the total cases and the females constituted 42% of the total cases. Maximum patients were seen in the fourth and fifth decade of their life i.e. 24% followed by the age group of 31-40 years i.e. 22%. The most common cutaneous manifestation was pruritus in 24% of cases followed by xerosis in 16% of cases. Next most common cutaneous manifestation was Tinea versicolor inn 14% of cases followed by oral candidiasis in 8% of cases and scabies were seen in 6% of cases. Both among males and females, pruritus was the most common skin lesion seen.Conclusions: The most common cutaneous lesion found in the present study was pruritus in 24% of cases followed by xerosis (16%), Tinea versicolor (14%), oral candidiasis (8%) and scabies in 6% of cases. Cases of nail changes, herpes zoster, Tinea cruris, hyper pigmentation, folliculitis, Exfoliative dermatitis, and Kyrle’s disease, Vitiligo, Melisma and Keloid were also seems

High Temperature Oxidation and Wear Resistant Bi-Layer Coating for Turbocharger Housing

An upsurge in the demand of higher power generation has been observed in the last few decades. Consequently, the mechanical components of power generation are forced to operate in the extreme working conditions for longer duration, which results in the accelerated wear and corrosion of the material. Conventional material such as grey cast iron (GCI) is a preferred material of components used for power generation at high temperature. Grey cast iron exhibits poor wear and corrosion resistance at high temperature. On the other hand, an advanced material such as Alloy-718 is capable to withstand the high-temperature wear and oxidation for prolonged duration of time. In the current research, high temperature corrosion and erosive wear performance of grey cast iron (GCI) components has been enhanced by depositing a bi-layerAlloy-718/NiCrAlY coating by using high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray process. Furthermore, the high temperature corrosion and erosion behaviour of GCI substrate and the deposited coating has been discussed. The various characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) X-ray diffraction, and Vickers micro-hardness testing were conducted for the GCI substrate and Alloy-718 coating, respectively. The Alloy-718 coting showed the increased resistance against high-temperature erosion and oxidation, which can be attributed to its good bonding with the substrate, high hardness and formation of protective phases at high-temperature

Recent Advancements in Electrochemical Conversion of Carbon Dioxide

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into eco-friendly and clean products is a promising approach to eradicate pollution. Although carbon dioxide emission is inhibited by the advent of renewable sources of energy, it is present in the atmosphere and needs to be cleaned. The reduction of carbon dioxide from atmospheric gases can be accomplished by its adsorption and subsequent transportation to electrolytic chambers, where it is reduced to hydrocarbons, organic acids or carbonates. This review focuses on developing a three compartment electrochemical cell to reduce carbon dioxide used as a catholyte. Various factors affecting the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide and recent advancements in this field are deliberated

The Detrimental Effect of Rainfall on Performance and Stability Characteristics of Aircrafts-A Comprehensive Review

The rapidly growing global market demands faster transit of human beings and goods even in unfavorable weather conditions of rainfall. The paper gives an overview of rain research methodologies, mathematical models to track raindrops in the flow field. The paper depicts the havoc rainfall causes on performance characteristics for various phases of flight in terms of evaluation of CL and CD and dynamic performance parameters such as short period mode. The knowledge obtained by this review paper could help designers to modify the design of aircraft such that it has better performance, stability, and control characteristics for all weather conditions

An iterative method based FLC-SLM system design for forming multiple complex structures simultaneously in 3D volume with tissue

Complex structure formation and fast focusing of light inside or through turbid media is a challenging task due to refractive index heterogeneity, random light scattering and speckle noise formation. Here, we have proposed a weighted-mutation assisted genetic algorithm (WMA-GA) with an R-squared metric based fitness function that advances the contrast, resolution, focuses light tightly and does fast convergence for both simple and complex structure formation through the scattering media. As a compatible system with the binary WMA-GA, we have presented a fast, cost-effective, and robust iterative wavefront shaping system design with an affordable ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) based binary-phase spatial light modulator (SLM). The proposed wavefront shaping system design has been used to construct multiple complex hetero-structures simultaneously in 3D volume by an optimized single phase-mask. The WMA-GA and the prototype system have been validated with 120, 220, 450, and 600 grit ground glass diffusers along with 323, 588, and 852 {\mu}m thick fresh chicken tissues including fluorescence in it. We have demonstrated the robustness of the proposed method to control the photon-in and photon-out from a localized fluorescent dye embedded in the tissue. The detailed results show that the proposed class of algorithm-backed integrated system converges fast with higher contrast and advances the resolution.Comment: 17 pages, 13 figure