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Moving Forward as a Family: Crafting a 2-Generation Strategy for Central Texas, PRP 192
United Way for Greater Austin commissioned this policy research project to guide their focus on helping low socioeconomic families achieve greater financial stability through the development of a Two-Generation (2-Gen) strategy for the Central Texas region. Two-Gen programs emphasize the importance of education as a means for better economic outcomes. High-quality early childhood education programs allow children to make critical neural connections during a period of substantial growth and development, ultimately better preparing them for pre-kindergarten programs and academic success in subsequent years. Adults working low-paying jobs encounter barriers to career advancement due to lacking credentials or relevant education. It is not uncommon for parents working long hours for low wages to have at least one child in need of high-quality early childhood education, yet they are unable to enroll their child in such programs due to issues such as cost, transportation, and time away from work. Two-Gen programs seek to resolve the issues complicating this problem of financial instability by providing high-quality educational and training programs for both parents and children, which are even more effective when intentionally coordinated so that the family develops as a single unit in a positive direction.
The research consisted of a literature review; a program scan at the local, state, and federal levels; and site visits within Austin, Dallas, and San Antonio, as well as Boston and Miami. Data collected specific to the Central Texas region include a labor market analysis, a needs assessment, and a mapping of current organizational assets. Obtaining and analyzing this data allowed the team to better understand 2-Gen program development, outcomes, impact measurements, and areas for improvement.
The research team developed practical applications for the information collected, ultimately contributing to the proposed anti-poverty strategy through the intentional coordination of 2-Gen services by leveraging existing organizational assets to best address the area’s most salient needs. In addition, the team proposed an evaluation strategy involving cost-benefit equations, program evaluation metrics, and a screening tool to predict the likelihood of a program achieving successful outcomes. The report concludes with policy recommendations at the local, state, and federal levels, as well as a summary of the populations affected by financial instability and future directions for this field.United Way for Greater AustinPublic Affair
Identifying Demand with Multidimensional Unobservables: A Random Functions Approach
We explore the identification of nonseparable models without relying on the property that the model can be inverted in the econometric unobservables. In particular, we allow for infinite dimensional unobservables. In the context of a demand system, this allows each product to have multiple unobservables. We identify the distribution of demand both unconditional and conditional on market observables, which allows us to identify several quantities of economic interest such as the (conditional and unconditional) distributions of elasticities and the distribution of price effects following a merger. Our approach is based on a significant generalization of the linear in random coefficients model that only restricts the random functions to be analytic in the endogenous variables, which is satisfied by several standard demand models used in practice. We assume an (unknown) countable support for the the distribution of the infinite dimensional unobservables.
Fibers on a graph with local load sharing
We study a random fiber bundle model with tips of the fibers placed on a
graph having co-ordination number 3. These fibers follow local load sharing
with uniformly distributed threshold strengths of the fibers. We have studied
the critical behaviour of the model numerically using a finite size scaling
method and the mean field critical behaviour is established. The avalanche size
distribution is also found to exhibit a mean field nature in the asymptotic
limit.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, To appear in International Journal of Modern
Physics
Linearizability with Ownership Transfer
Linearizability is a commonly accepted notion of correctness for libraries of
concurrent algorithms. Unfortunately, it assumes a complete isolation between a
library and its client, with interactions limited to passing values of a given
data type. This is inappropriate for common programming languages, where
libraries and their clients can communicate via the heap, transferring the
ownership of data structures, and can even run in a shared address space
without any memory protection. In this paper, we present the first definition
of linearizability that lifts this limitation and establish an Abstraction
Theorem: while proving a property of a client of a concurrent library, we can
soundly replace the library by its abstract implementation related to the
original one by our generalisation of linearizability. This allows abstracting
from the details of the library implementation while reasoning about the
client. We also prove that linearizability with ownership transfer can be
derived from the classical one if the library does not access some of data
structures transferred to it by the client
Line junction in a quantum Hall system with two filling fractions
We present a microscopic model for a line junction formed by counter or
co-propagating single mode quantum Hall edges corresponding to different
filling factors. The ends of the line junction can be described by two possible
current splitting matrices which are dictated by the conditions of both lack of
dissipation and the existence of a linear relation between the bosonic fields.
Tunneling between the two edges of the line junction then leads to a
microscopic understanding of a phenomenological description of line junctions
introduced some time ago. The effect of density-density interactions between
the two edges is considered, and renormalization group ideas are used to study
how the tunneling parameter changes with the length scale. This leads to a
power law variation of the conductance of the line junction with the
temperature. Depending on the strength of the interactions the line junction
can exhibit two quite different behaviors. Our results can be tested in bent
quantum Hall systems fabricated recently.Comment: 9 pages including 4 figure
Using Jet Substructure at the LHC to Search for the Light Higgs Bosons of the CP-Violating MSSM
The CP-violating version of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM)
is an example of a model where experimental data do not preclude the presence
of light Higgs bosons in the range around 10 -- 110 GeV. Such light Higgs
bosons, decaying almost wholly to b-bbar pairs, may be copiously produced at
the LHC, but would remain inaccessible to conventional Higgs searches because
of intractable QCD backgrounds. We demonstrate that a significant number of
these light Higgs bosons would be boosted strongly enough for the pair of
daughter -jet pairs to appear as a single `fat' jet with substructure.
Tagging such jets could extend the discovery potential at the LHC into the
hitherto-inaccessible region for light Higgs bosons.Comment: LaTeX, 33 pages, 5 eps figures and 5 tables embedded. minor changes,
to appear in Physical Review
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