Aggressive Kaposi's Sarcoma in a 6-month-old African infant: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), known to exist in Africa for a century now, was rare in children and unknown in the newborn. With the onset of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, a more aggressive, disseminated type of KS (AKS) was recognized. Recently KS was diagnosed in a 6-month-old infant in Tanzania. Data support the notion that HHSV8 infectivity can be potentiated with HIV infection and thus produce multiple lesions in different anatomical sites early in life. Furthermore, the available evidence would suggest a nonsexual route of HHSV8 infection, possibly from mother to fetus

Assessing the value dimensions of outsourced maintenance services

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the diverse nature of tangible and intangible value dimensions that contribute to customers' perception of value from outsourced maintenance services. Design/methodology/approach - A multiple case study approach has been adopted. Repertory grid, an in-depth structured interviewing technique, has been used in order to draw out the respondents' hidden constructs in evaluating outsourced maintenance services. Data have been collected from four customer organizations of outsourced maintenance services, and a total of 33 interviews have been undertaken. Findings - The paper has identified a range of tangible and intangible value dimensions that are of importance in maintenance outsourcing decision making. The most important value dimensions for maintenance outsourcing were found to be specialist knowledge, accessibility (of the service provider), relational dynamic, range of products and services, delivery, pricing and locality. Although the paper has identified the most important value dimensions the paper also emphasizes the need to take into account the full range of value dimensions in order to understand the whole value pattern in an organization. Practical implications - The results will be of use for maintenance service providers to help them to improve value-adding capacity of maintenance services. The results can also be applied by customers to help them assess the value they receive from outsourced maintenance services. Originality/value - A different perspective on maintenance outsourcing value is provided. The value patterns in different organizations and the viewpoints of respondents in different organizational roles are described. The dynamic nature of these tangible or intangible values over time and their interrelationships has also been explored

Functions with strictly decreasing distances from increasing Tchebycheff subspaces

AbstractLet {ui}i = 0∞ be a sequence of continuous functions on [0, 1] such that (u0,…, uk) is a Tchebycheff system on [0, 1] for all k ⩾ 0 and let C(u0,…, uk) denote the corresponding generalized convexity cone. It is proved that if f belongs to C(u0,…, un − 1), then its distance from the linear space spanned by (u0,…, un) is strictly smaller than its distance from the linear space spanned by (u0,…, un − 1). Other properties of the best approximants to such functions are also given.It is shown, by a general category argument, that no direct converse can exit. It is then established that if strict decrease of distances (or one of a number of other properties of the best approximants) holds for all subintervals of [0, 1], then f ϵ C(u0,…, un − 1) for all of these

Knowledge Spiral and Know-How in Service Firms

With the proliferation of Knowledge Management it is easy to obtain somewhat wrong impression that we have finally reached the stage in the management science development where the application of a unitary approach can bridge the gap between the strategic management of the 1970-s and the failed efforts of Business Process Reengineering (BPR) Gronroos [7]. To this end, a series of research papers were dedicated to showing how knowledge in a company is created, c.f. Hueseman [8]. However, Nonaka and Takeuchi [10] work attracted Authors’ special attention, as it contains analyses of a set of case studies, complete with a model of knowledge spiral, which is of focal interest, here. We shall aim at extending this approach to include nonlinear dynamic aspects of creating a marketable knowledge and propose how to use layers of accumulated know-how during the tendering process and beyond. Albeit, the outlined results are presented in very general, descriptive terms, it should be rather straightforward to adopt them to needs of any knowledge-based company equipped with an intranet intelligent network by way of encoding specific context of its business

Prediction of Boundary Layer Transition Based on Modeling of Laminar Fluctuations Using RANS Approach

AbstractThis article presents a linear eddy-viscosity turbulence model for predicting bypass and natural transition in boundary layers by using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. The model includes three transport equations, separately, to compute laminar kinetic energy, turbulent kinetic energy, and dissipation rate in a flow field. It needs neither correlations of intermittency factors nor knowledge of the transition onset. Two transition tests are carried out: flat plate boundary layer under zero and non-zero pressure gradients with different freestream turbulence intensities, and transitional flow over a wind turbine blade at a chord Reynolds number of 3×106. Results are presented in terms of skin friction coefficients. Comparison with the experimental data from both tests evidences a good agreement there is between them

Quasi-linear diffusion driving the synchrotron emission in active galactic nuclei

We study the role of the quasi-linear diffusion (QLD) in producing X-ray emission by means of ultra-relativistic electrons in AGN magnetospheric flows. We examined two regions: (a) an area close to the black hole and (b) the outer magnetosphere. The synchrotron emission has been studied for ultra-relativistic electrons and was shown that the QLD generates the soft and hard X-rays, close to the black hole and on the light cylinder scales respectively. By considering the cyclotron instability, we show that despite the short synchrotron cooling timescales, the cyclotron modes excite transverse and longitudinal-transversal waves. On the other hand, it is demonstrated that the synchrotron reaction force and a force responsible for the conservation of the adiabatic invariant tend to decrease the pitch angles, whereas the diffusion, that pushes back on electrons by means of the aforementioned waves, tends to increase the pitch angles. By examining the quasi-stationary state, we investigate a regime in which these two processes are balanced and a non-vanishing value of pitch angles is created.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure