EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN TEACHING FACTORY PADA TEKNIK PEMESINAN UNTUK SISWA SMK

Teaching Factory is a Vocational High School (SMK) level learning to produce students who are ready to work in industry or entrepreneurship. The purpose of writing this article is to analyze the effectiveness of Teaching Factory learning for SMK students in Mechanical Engineering so that they become graduates who are ready to work and able to become entrepreneurs to produce products that comply with industry standards. The research method used is literature study through various articles or journals related to Teaching Factory learning for vocational students. This study analyzed 10 articles with the research results being 5 articles containing the aim of forming students who are ready to work, 4 articles with the aim of increasing entrepreneurial interest for students, and 1 article aimed at forming students who are ready to work and capable of entrepreneurship. The result of this study is that Teaching Factory learning is effectively applied to vocational students so that they are ready to work through an internship program and or are able to become entrepreneurs to produce products independently in accordance with industry standards with the support of facilities and infrastructure provided by the school. Keywords: Teaching Factory Learning, Ready to Work, Machine Engineering, EnterpreneurTeaching Factory adalah pembelajaran tingkat Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) untuk menghasilkan siswa yang siap kerja di industri maupun berwirausaha. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menganalisis keefektifan pembelajaran Teaching Factory terhadap siswa SMK pada Teknik Pemesinan agar menjadi lulusan yang siap kerja maupun mampu berwirausaha untuk menghasilkan produk yang sesuai dengan standar industri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur melalui berbagai artikel atau jurnal terkait dengan pembelajaran Teaching Factory untuk siswa SMK. Penelitian ini menganalisis 10 artikel dengan hasil penelitiannya adalah 5 artikel memuat tujuan untuk membentuk siswa yang siap kerja, 4 artikel dengan tujuan meningkatkan minat wirausaha bagi siswa, dan 1 artikel yang bertujuan membentuk siswa yang siap kerja dan mampu berwirausaha. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran Teaching Factory efektif diterapkan untuk siswa SMK agar mereka siap kerja melalui program magang dan atau mampu berwirausaha untuk menghasilkan produk secara mandiri sesuai dengan standar industri dengan dukungan sarana dan prasarana yang disiapkan oleh sekolah. Kata kunci: Pembelajaran Teaching Factory, Siap Kerja, Teknik Pemesinan, Wirausaha

Current standards of postgraduate surgical education and training in Pakistan: Time to bridge the gaps in lieu of national necessity

The provision of good-quality surgical care is a salient feature of every public health system. Pakistan is ranked among low and middle-income countries where the burden of surgical disease is rapidly increasing, but the capacity of the health system has not expanded at the same pace to cater current needs. One of the key components is the dearth of trained surgical specialists and lack of easy access to surgical care. College of Physicians and Surgeons, Pakistan is the main certifying institution for surgeons, while public and private teaching hospitals bear the burden of responsibility for surgical education and training. The current review article was planned to describe current standards of postgraduate surgical education and training in Pakistan and to highlight the challenges that need to be faced and the existent deficiencies that need to be met to match the nation\u27s demand against the immense burden of surgical diseases

Numerical study of time-fractional fourth-order differential equations with variable coefficients

AbstractIn this article, we study numerical solutions of time-fractional fourth-order partial differential equations with variable coefficients by introducing the fractional derivative in the sense of Caputo. We implement reliable series solution techniques namely Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and He’s variational iteration method (HVIM). Some applications are presented to highlight the significant features of these techniques. The comparison shows that the solutions obtained are in good agreement with each other and with their respective exact solutions. Some of these types of differential equations arise practically in the theory of transverse vibrations

Pregnancy with COVID-19: feto-maternal outcome from a tertiary care hospital, Bangladesh

Background: The objective was to determine the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 infection in the southeast part of Bangladesh.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH), Bangladesh, for one year. Pregnant women were divided into suspected and confirmed groups based on the clinical features of COVID-19 and the results of RT-PCR (SARS-CoV2). Outcome measures were maternal death, ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and stillbirth/neonatal death. The Mann-Whitney U test was applied for between-group comparisons. Binary logistic regression analysis was done for factors affecting feto-maternal outcomes. Results were presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: A total of 144 pregnant women (n=144) were included in the study, divided into confirmed (n=71) and suspected (n=73). Complications were more in the confirmed group (p=0.315). Caesarean section was 69% and 64.4% in the confirmed and suspected groups, respectively (p=0.556). Eight women (5.55%) needed ICU admission, five (3.5%) required mechanical ventilation, and five (3.5%) women expired. Fetal distress was seen in 15 (10.41%) pregnancies. Stillbirth or neonatal death and the need for NICU admission were higher for suspected than in confirmed cases. Pregnancies with suspected COVID-19 had 3.91 times (OR: 3.913, 95% CI: 1.398-10.954) higher poor feto-maternal outcome. Unbooked status, COVID-19 test negativity, and use of antivirals were associated with poor feto-maternal outcomes.Conclusions: Pregnancies with COVID-19 were prone to poor feto-maternal outcomes. The study pointed to an improvement in the ANC of pregnant women with COVID-19 in a public hospital like Bangladesh

Designing and developing a vision-based system to investigate the emotional effects of news on short sleep at noon: an experimental case study

Background: Sleep is a critical factor in maintaining good health, and its impact on various diseases has been recognized by scientists. Understanding sleep patterns and quality is crucial for investigating sleep-related disorders and their potential links to health conditions. The development of non-intrusive and contactless methods for analyzing sleep data is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A novel system called the sleep visual analyzer (VSleep) was designed to analyze sleep movements and generate reports based on changes in body position angles. The system utilized camera data without requiring any physical contact with the body. A Python graphical user interface (GUI) section was developed to analyze body movements during sleep and present the data in an Excel format. To evaluate the effectiveness of the VSleep system, a case study was conducted. The participants' movements during daytime naps were recorded. The study also examined the impact of different types of news (positive, neutral, and negative) on sleep patterns. Results: The system successfully detected and recorded various angles formed by participants' bodies, providing detailed information about their sleep patterns. The results revealed distinct effects based on the news category, highlighting the potential impact of external factors on sleep quality and behaviors. Conclusions: The sleep visual analyzer (VSleep) demonstrated its efficacy in analyzing sleep-related data without the need for accessories. The VSleep system holds great potential for diagnosing and investigating sleep-related disorders. The proposed system is affordable, easy to use, portable, and a mobile application can be developed to perform the experiment and prepare the results

Oxidizability assay of unfractionated plasma of patients’ with different plasma profile: a methodological study

BACKGROUND: Present study describe the in vitro model of plasma oxidation of patients with different lipid profile, that can be correlated to their invivo plasma oxidizability in order to find the arterial diseases prone patient groups. METHOD: The method applied here to measure the invitro plasma oxidizability, accounts a convenient way that can be well suited in any clinical laboratory settings. Un-fractionated plasma was exposed to CuSO4 (5.0 mmol/L), a pro-oxidant, and low frequency ultrasonic wave to induce oxidation, and finally oxidizability was calculated by TBARS and Conjugated Diene methods. RESULT: In our study, plasma LDL greater than 150 mg/dL possess 1.75 times more risk to undergo oxidation (CI, 0.7774 to 3.94; p = 0.071) than the low LDL plasma, percent of oxidation increased from 38.3% to 67.1% for the LDL level upto 150 mg/dL and high. Lag phase, which is considered as the plasma antioxidative protection, was also influenced by the higher LDL concentration. The mean lag time was 65.27 ± 20.02 (p = 0.02 compared to healthy), where as for 94.71 ± 35.11 min for the normolipidemic subject. The plasma oxidizability was also changed drastically for total cholesterol level, oxidative susceptibility shown 35% and 55.02% for 200 mg/dL and high respectively, however it didn’t appear as risk factor. Patient samples were also stratified according to their age, gender, and blood glucose level. Older persons (≥40 years) were 1.096 times (95% CL, 0.5607 to 2.141, p = 0.396) than younger (≤39 years age), males are 1.071 (95% CI, 0.5072- 2.264) times than the females, and diabetic patients are 1.091 (CI, 0.6153 to 1.934, p = 0.391) times in more risk than the non-diabetic counterpart. CONCLUSION: This method addressing its easy applicability in biomedical research. And by this we were able to show that patients with high LDL (≥150 mg/dL) are in alarming condition besides diabetic and elderly (≥40 years age) males are considered to be susceptible and more prone to develop vascular diseases

Measuring overall convenience of consumers on online shopping and their behavioral intention

The purpose of this research to analyze overall convenience for consumers through online shopping and their behavioral intention towards online customer satisfaction. This study helps people who purchases product and services online because its aim on main factors which create impact on consumers when they buy from web-stores. Moreover, it is also beneficial for the companies and individual who sell their product and services via online. We used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the sample size of 531. We have collected online survey questionnaire from respondent who are convenient to us from Karachi. The nature of the research is quantitative. The purpose of utilizing quantitative methodology that we are able to focus on variety of data to understand the behavior intention and customer satisfaction of those who engage in online shopping. The findings of this research shows that what factors managers should focus on to grow their online sales and improves the efficiency of their websites. Managers should be use it to develop strategies for effective and efficient business, enhance these variable in their online shopping process and make the experience convenient and safe for their customers. Five limitations are available for future studies. First, the data was only collected by 531 respondents. Second, data was collected by respondents living in Karachi, Pakistan. Third, data was collected by respondents that are convenient to us. Fourth, there was limited variable. Fifth, it only perform on SPSS and PLS, no other software used in this research for calculating result and we run only three test on PLS. These limitations, however, provide directions to the researcher

Tapped Twice: A Case of a Rapidly Re-accumulating Hepatic Hydrothorax in a Patient with Spontaneous Bacterial Empyema

Hepatic hydrothorax (HH) is a complication of decompensated liver cirrhosis that only occurs in about 5–6% of cirrhosis patients, defined as a pleural fluid in the setting of known liver disease, with the absence of any other cardiopulmonary etiology. Infected HH is a rare complication, designated as spontaneous bacterial empyema (SBEM), found in only 13–16% of patients with HH. This case follows a patient with SBEM who developed a recurrent pleural effusion minutes after thoracentesis. Our patient is a 56-year-old female with a history of alcoholic cirrhosis with pleuritic pain found to have right-sided pleural effusion with decompensation. She had no ascites. She was initiated on antibiotics due to leukocytosis and underwent thoracentesis, revealing a sterile but exudative pleural effusion with high neutrophil count, confirming the diagnosis of SBEM. Despite initial symptom relief, her respiratory symptoms recurred within mere minutes of thoracentesis. Imaging showed reaccumulated right-sided effusion, and repeat thoracentesis showed a transudative effusion, suggesting HH. While she was in our care, we pursued expert consultation with gastroenterology and thoracic surgery; based on our shared clinical decision making, we agreed that definitive intervention with either indwelling catheter or intrapleural surgical options would cause more harm than good to our patient given her decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis. The patient was discharged with instructions for serial thoracentesis and close follow-up with gastroenterology to discuss next steps regarding her advanced and uncontrolled cirrhosis. We refer to this case to discuss HH and its rare complication of SBEM, as well as the management options for patients with these conditions

Early Versus Late Tracheotomy in Patients with Severe Head Injury

Objective: A majority of patients with severe head injury whether treated conservatively or being operated, need ventilatory support and require endotracheal intubation. There has been a great discussion regarding the timing of tracheostomy. In this study we observed our admitted patients with severe head injury and noted the role of early tracheostomy in the outcome of these patients.Material and Method: This study included 50 cases of severe head injury presenting in the emergency department of Neurosurgery, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore.Study Duration: The study duration was two years from October 2010 to October 2012.Study Design: Prospective and analytic study.Results: A total of 50 patients with no sex predilection, ages ranging from 10 years to 60 years were included in this study. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Group A, having 25 patients who underwent tracheostomy earlier and Group B, having 25 patients in whom tracheostomy was done late. According to the timing of tracheostomy, patients were classified as early group A (? 7 days; N = 25) or late group B (> 7 days; N = 25). The average time of the tracheostomy procedure was 5.5 ± 1.8 (SD) days in the early group and 11.0 ± 4.3 days in the late group. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of age, proportion of female sex, GCS, Injury Severity Score, or need for blood transfusion. However, patients in the early group had a significantly shorter stay in the ICU than patients in the late group (19.76 ± 4.4 vs. 28.9 ± 5.6 days; P = 0.0000001). There was no difference between the groups in ventilator days (15.7 ± 6.0 vs. 20.0 ± 16.0 days; p = 0.57) data not shown. There were significant differences between the groups regarding overall mortality 4% vs. 24%; p = 0.041332. Similarly, significant recovery (p = 0.04) was observed in early tracheostomy patients when compared with group B. Conclusion: Early tracheostomy was beneficial, resulting in a shorter ICU stay and decreasing the overall mortality

Mental health services in the prisons of Bangladesh

In this narrative review we consider what is known about mental health conditions in the prison system in Bangladesh and describe the current provision of mental health services for prisoners with mental health needs. We contextualise this within the literature on mental health conditions in correctional settings in the wider sub-continental region and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) more broadly. We augment findings from the literature with information from unstructured interviews with local experts, and offer recommendations for research, policy and practice