Effect of point-contact transparency on coherent mixing of Josephson and transport supercurrents

The influence of electron reflection on dc Josephson effect in a ballistic point contact with transport current in the banks is considered theoretically. The effect of finite transparency on the vortex-like currents near the contact and at the phase difference $\phi =\pi ,$ which has been predicted recently \cite{KOSh}, is investigated. We show that at low temperatures even a small reflection on the contact destroys the mentioned vortex-like current states, which can be restored by increasing of the temperature.Comment: 6 pages, 8 Figures, Latex Fil

Kepemimpinan Bupati Siak dalam Bidang Pembangunan Perekonomian Priode 2011-2016

Leadership or leader was important for sustainable success as a leader it is concerned with the direction, vision and focus on the development of a region, the success or failure of a persons economic development depends on leaders. This study was conducted to determine the leadership of Regent Siak in the field of economic development is applied, in this case the Regent Siak adopts a democratic leadership, Writer Want to examine more about Regent Siak Leadership in Economic Development Sector Period 2011-2016.The problem in this research is how the leadership of Regent Siak in the field of economic development and how the economic development of Siak and what are the factors that influence the economic development of Siak. The purpose of this study was to determine Siak district leader in the field of economic development, to determine the economic development of Siak and to determine the factors that influence the economic development of Siak. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive qualitative research methods. The informants namely Regent Siak. Namely data collection techniques with interviews to determine the extent of the Regent Siak leadership in economic development. Qualitative data analysis technique that is performed on the data, in this case in the form of qualitative data informaasi then linked with other data to gain clarity and truth.Results of this study was the Regent of Siak in running the leadership has the properties that form in itself, namely intelligence, maturity and flexibility of social relationships, motivation and encouragement of achievement and attitudes of human relationships. In the development process prekonomian have seen that the economic development indicators such as per capita income, economic structure, savings rates, quality of life index, the human development index. Economic development can not be separated from the factors that affect the progress of, among others, resources, culture within the bureaucracy, political, social, science and technology.Keywords: Leadership, Economic Developmen

Inflaton Fragmentation and Oscillon Formation in Three Dimensions

Analytical arguments suggest that a large class of scalar field potentials permit the existence of oscillons -- pseudo-stable, non-topological solitons -- in three spatial dimensions. In this paper we numerically explore oscillon solutions in three dimensions. We confirm the existence of these field configurations as solutions to the Klein-Gorden equation in an expanding background, and verify the predictions of Amin and Shirokoff for the characteristics of individual oscillons for their model. Further, we demonstrate that significant numbers of oscillons can be generated via fragmentation of the inflaton condensate, consistent with the analysis of Amin. These emergent oscillons can easily dominate the post-inflationary universe. Finally, both analytic and numerical results suggest that oscillons are stable on timescales longer than the post-inflationary Hubble time. Consequently, the post-inflationary universe can contain an effective matter-dominated phase, during which it is dominated by localized concentrations of scalar field matter.Comment: See http://easther.physics.yale.edu/downloads.html for numerical codes. Visualizations available at http://www.mit.edu/~mamin/oscillons.html and http://easther.physics.yale.edu/fields.html V2 Minor fixes to reference lis

Difusivitas Panas dan Umur Simpan Pempek Lenjer

The objectives of this research were to study the effect of fish and flour formulation as well as centre point temperature on the thermal diffusivity and shelf life of pempek lenjer. The parameters observed were the temperature of pempek at several position: i.e. (r0) = 0 cm, r1 = 1 cm, r2 = 2 cm, cooking time, change of textural value, total volatile nitrogen and total microbes of pempek during storage. Data temperaturedistribution was analyzed by using diffusivity at center point model, and random diffusivity models through computer program of Engineering Equation Solver (EES) Ver 8.91. The shelf life data was analyzed by usinglinear regression to determine the relationship between storage time and the measured variables which was followed by calculating using Arrhenius method to compare the decrease of pempek lenjer quality. The results showed that thermal diffusivity coefficient of pempek lenjer for formula 1 was in the range of 0.321 to 1.515 .10-7 m2/s, for formula 2 was in the range of 0.297 to 1.389.10-7 m2/s, for formula 3 was in the rangeof 0.378 to 1.471 . 10-7 m2/s and for formula 4 was in the range of 0.2778 to 1.620.10-7 m2/s.The research results showedthat longerstorage time results in lower values of texture, but produced higher value oftotal volatile nitrogen and total microbes. The lowest Eavaluefrom the measured variablewas totalmicrobes which can be used as the main parameter of deterioration for pempek lenjer during storage. The shelf lifeof pempek lenjer based on total microbes value was in the range of 27 to 33 hour

Penentuan Difusivitas Panas Pempek Lenjer Selama Perebusan Menggunakan Metode Numeri

Koefisien difusivitas panas pada perebusan pempek lenjer harus diketahui, karena dapat ditentukan waktu pengolahan pempek yang tepat (optimal). Formula dan suhu akan mempengaruhi koefisien difusivitas panas.Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan koefisien difusivitas panas pada perebusan pempek lenjer secara numerik. Variabel yang diukur adalah suhu sampel pada titik pusat (r0) = 0 cm, r1= 1 cm, r2= 2 cm, dan lama pemasakan pempek. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan model difusivitas panas di titik sembarang dan model difusivitas panas di titik pusat, dengan program computer Engineering Equation Solver (EES) Ver 8.91.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koefisien difusivitas panas pempek lenjer pada formula 1 adalah interval 0,321 - 1,515. 10-7 m/s, pada formula 2 adalah 0,297 - 1,389. 10-7 m2/s, pada formula 3 adalah 0,378 - 1,471. 10-7 m/s, dan formula 4 adalah 0,2778 - 1,620. 10-7 m2/s