Analisis tingginya biaya pelaksanaan pernikahan di luar KUA pasca berlakunya PP No. 48 tahun 2014 (studi kasus di Kelurahan Bringin Kecamatan Ngaliyan Kota Semarang)

Berdasarkan PP No. 48 Tahun 2014 Tentang Tarif Atas Jenis penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak yang Berlaku Pada Kementerian Agama. Peraturan ini berisi tentang biaya pernikahan di dalam KUA sebesar Rp. 0,00,- (nol rupiah) dan biaya pernikahan di luar jam dan hari kerja KUA dikenakan tarif sebesar Rp. 600.000,- (enam ratus ribu rupiah). Penelitian ini didasarkan pada fenomena yang terjadi di masyarakat Kelurahan Bringin, tarif administrasi pelaksanaan pernikahan di luar jam dan hari kerja KUA Kecamatan Ngaliyan khususnya yang terjadi di Kelurahan Bringin yaitu sebesar Rp. 900.000,- sampai Rp. 1.400.000,-. Sedangkan tarif yang ditetapkan pemerintah untuk mengurus biaya administrasi sesuai PP No. 48 Tahun 2014 yaitu apabila dilaksanakan di luar KUA dikenakan biaya Rp. 600.000,-. Perumusan masalah dari penelitian ini adalah: Bagaimana praktik penentuan besarnya biaya pelaksanaan pernikahan di luar KUA di Kelurahan Bringin Kecamatan Ngaliyan Kota Semarang dan Apa faktor penyebab tingginya biaya pelaksanaan pernikahan di luar KUA di Kelurahan Bringin Kecamatan Ngaliyan Kota Semarang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field reaserch). Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara (kepada masyarakat yang melaksanakan pernikahan di luar KUA di Kelurahan Bringin, perangkat desa, dan pihak KUA), observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terkait dengan praktik penentuan besaran biaya administrasi pelaksanaan pernikahan di luar jam dan hari kerja KUA pada realitanya biaya yang harus dikeluarkan lebih tinggi dari yang ditetapkan oleh peraturan perundang-undangan, yang dibedakan menjadi 3 kategori, yaitu: 1. Pengurusan pelaksanaan nikah yang menggunakan jasa modin. 2. Pengurusan pelaksanaan nikah yang menggunakan jasa orang ketiga. 3. Pengurusan pelaksanaan nikah yang dilakukan sendiri. Faktor penyebab yang menjadikan tingginya biaya pelaksanakan pernikahan di Kelurahan Bringin diantaranya: masyarakat sendiri yang menghendaki pernikahan dilaksanakan di luar KUA dan di luar hari dan jam kerja, kebiasaaan masyarakat Kelurahan Bringin Kecamatan Ngaliyan yang mempercayakan kepengurusan administrasi kepada Modin/Lebe/Pihak ketiga, adanya tugas tambahan kepada PPN atau penghulu seperti memberikan khutbah nikah, pembaca do’a dan menjadi wali hakim, dan kurangnya sosialisasi peraturan perundang-undangan terkait dengan besaran biaya pencatatan pernikahan pada KUA Kecamatan Ngaliyan kepada masyarakat Kelurahan Bringin. Untuk mengatasi pembengkakan biaya administrasi pencatatan pernikahan perlu adanya kerjasama antara birokrasi Kantor Urusan Agama dengan Kementerian Agama untuk mensosialisasikan kisaran biaya administrasi pencatatan pernikahan yang sebenarnya

The gulf implantable cardioverter-defibrillator registry: Rationale, methodology, and implementation

Background: The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is effective in the prevention of sudden cardiac death in high-risk patients. Little is known about ICD use in the Arabian Gulf. We designed a study to describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients receiving ICDs in the Arab Gulf region. Methods: Gulf ICD is a prospective, multi-center, multinational, and observational study. All adult patients 18 years or older, receiving a de novo ICD implant and willing to sign a consent form will be eligible. Data on baseline characteristics, ICD indication, procedure and programing, in-hospital, and 1-year outcomes will be collected. Target enrollment is 1500 patients, which will provide adequate precision across a wide range of expected event rates. Results: Fifteen centers in six countries are enrolling patients (Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain, and Qatar). Two-thirds of the centers have dedicated electrophysiology laboratories, and in almost all centers ICDs are implanted exclusively by electrophysiologists. Nearly three-quarters of the centers reported annual ICD implant volumes of ≤150 devices, and pulse generator replacements constitute <30% of implants in the majority of centers. Enrollment started in December 2013, and accrual rate increased as more centers entered the study reaching an average of 98 patients per month. Conclusions: Gulf ICD is the first prospective, observational, multi-center, and multinational study of the characteristics and, the outcomes of patients receiving ICDs in the Arab Gulf region. The study will provide valuable insights into the utilization of and outcomes related to ICD therapy in the Gulf region

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care