In-Vivo Induced Antigens Of Toxoplasma Gondii And Their Application In Diagnosis Of Human Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasma gondii bertaburan secara meluas di seluruh dunia, dengan prevalens yang tinggi di kawasan tropika. Toxoplasma gondii is widely distributed throughout the world, with higher prevalence in tropical areas

Elimination of Enhanced Thermal Resistance of Spheroid Culture Model of Prostate Carcinoma Cell Line by Inhibitors of Hsp70 Induction

AbstractObjective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the enhanced thermal resistancemechanism of the DU145 tumor spheroid cultures as compared to the prostate carcinomacell line's monolayer cultures.Materials and Methods: DU145 cells were cultured either as spheroids or monolayers.Cultures were treated with hyperthermia in a precision water bath (at 43°C for 60 minutes)and/or quercetin (50 and 500 μM for monolayer and spheroid cultures respectively). Afterhyperthermic treatment, the cell viability colony forming ability, and the expression of heatshock protein 70 (Hsp70) were examined in both culture systems. Hsp70 expression wasstudied using the western blot method.Results: Our results showed that the DU145 monolayer and spheroid cell culture treatmentwith hyperthermia alone resulted in a marked survival inhibition. Furthermore, thespheroids showed a more significant resistance to hyperthermia compared to the monolayercultures (p = 0.01). They also produced more Hsp70 than the monolayer cultures.Treatment of cells with quercetin reduced the Hsp70 level in both culture systems. However,with the reduced Hsp70 levels, thermal resistance of the spheroids showed a greaterdecrease in relation to that of the monolayers.Conclusion: The results suggest that the enhanced hyperthermia resistance mechanismof the spheroid cultures compared to that of the monolayer cultures can be attributed tospheroids' Hsp70 production

The effect of eight weeks of aquatic exercises on muscle strength in children with cerebral palsy: A case study

Background: Cerebral palsy in children is considered a non-progressive brain injury due to abnormal brain development. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aquatic exercises on muscle strength in children with cerebral palsy. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on three boys with cerebral palsy with a mean age of 6.5 years. In this research, a single case study method with A1-B-A2 design has been used. After determining the position of the baseline, the intervention began and during 24 sessions of individual intervention, aquatic exercises were presented to the subjects and all three subjects were followed up for 2 consecutive weeks and one month after the end of the intervention. The strength of the flexor muscles of the arms and legs was measured by a power track dynamometer made by JTECK with a threshold of 4.4 N. Results: Based on the indicators of descriptive statistics and visual analysis, the intervention was effective for all three participants in muscle strength, and the strength of individuals after the intervention has improved compared to the baseline stage (percentage). Information overlap for the first and second participant in the strength of right thigh flexors was 75% and for the third participant was 100%. The strength of the upper and lower torso muscles improved after the end of the training compared to the basic stage. Conclusion: Aquatic exercises can increase the strength of children with cerebral palsy and provide a favorable environment for children with cerebral palsy