Minimally invasive treatment of gastric GIST by endo-laparoscopy

The gastrointestinal stromal tumor,s (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. Surgery is the primary therapeutic approach. Objective: To present the results of patients undergoing combined endo-laparoscopic (ELC) approach as a minimally invasive treatment for gastric GIST

Energy for a Shared Development Agenda: Global Scenarios and Governance Implications

This report combines a global assessment of energy scenarios up to 2050, case studies of energy access and low-carbon efforts around the world, and a review of the technological shifts, investments, policies and governance structures needed to bring energy to all. How can the world meet energy needs for human and economic development in a way that is compatible with sustainable development? What is required is nothing less than a massive transformation of energy systems and rapid turnovers of infrastructure and technology, all of which must be achieved while staying within climate and resource constraints. Though the challenge is great, the energy and sustainability scenarios in this report show that it can be met. However, while these scenarios sketch out transformation pathways in broad strokes, the devil is in the detail. This study also explores how to successfully implement change, via case studies of energy transformation and reviews of policy mechanisms and governance frameworks. Over the coming decade, policymakers around the world need to build a shared development agenda to address these challenges. It is hoped that this study will help to lay the foundations for such an effort

Generalized distributed state space model of a CSP plant for simulation and control applications: Single-phase flow validation

Concentrating solar thermal power plants, also known as CSP plants, can be of different configurations depending on type of collectors, temperatures, heat transfer fluid, working fluid, and the thermodynamic cycle used in the plant. This leads to complex behavior with nonlinear dynamics, potential instability and parameters that vary in both space and time. In this work, a distributed state space model is proposed to ensure computational flexibility and facilitate industrial applications, such as optimization, control and automation. The format used allows the model to represent the thermal dynamics at different operation points including phase changes (liquid or gas) along the spatial dimension. To validate the model, some experimental tests have been made on an operating solar thermal plant located at the University of South Florida, in United States, where real input disturbances were applied to compare measurements with model predictions. Preliminary results show good agreement with experimental observations. Literature data of water and steam properties were used in the model, that can be easily extended to direct steam generation (DSG) plants