The tale of TILs in breast cancer : a report from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group

The advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in modern oncology has significantly improved survival in several cancer settings. A subgroup of women with breast cancer (BC) has immunogenic infiltration of lymphocytes with expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). These patients may potentially benefit from ICI targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 signaling axis. The use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as predictive and prognostic biomarkers has been under intense examination. Emerging data suggest that TILs are associated with response to both cytotoxic treatments and immunotherapy, particularly for patients with triple-negative BC. In this review from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group, we discuss (a) the biological understanding of TILs, (b) their analytical and clinical validity and efforts toward the clinical utility in BC, and (c) the current status of PD-L1 and TIL testing across different continents, including experiences from low-to-middle-income countries, incorporating also the view of a patient advocate. This information will help set the stage for future approaches to optimize the understanding and clinical utilization of TIL analysis in patients with BC

Il futuro della citta. Informazione e progetto per la qualit\ue0 della vita urbana

Il libro esamina l'impatto delle recnologie informatiche sulla realt\ue0 sociale e sullo spazio della citt. L'approccio al problema viene sviluppato lungo tre direzioni. La prima \ue8 strettamente tecnologica: banche dati, sistemi esperti e modelli simulazione. La seconda direzione cerca di dare forma ai possibili che la citt\ue0 pu\uf2 assumere. Infine la terza direzione \ue8 orientata alla transizione progettuale della citt\ue0. Il volume si chiude con lo scenario di una citt\ue0 per un futuro estremo

Vestire i palazzi. Stoffe, arredi e parati negli arredi e nell'arte del Barocco

At the heart of this volume is the recognition that display as a phenomenon proper to textiles. By the early modern period, this gesture of displaying, manipulating, and exploiting textiles had become so much important: no wall in a baroque palace could be “unclothed” or bare. A palace must be dressed, whether with parati, suites of ornate textile panels that covered all the walls, or with corami, suites of decorated colored leather hangings. Even the frescos on the walls of Roman palaces frequently took the form of feigned tapestries or fabrics, often trapped in the narrow band between the cornice and the uppermost reach of the parati. Once the parati and their coordinated trimmings had been hung, all that was needed were a few chairs, tables, and a bed and the envoy could move in

Euclid. I. Overview of the Euclid mission

The current standard model of cosmology successfully describes a variety of measurements, but the nature of its main ingredients, dark matter and dark energy, remains unknown. Euclid is a medium-class mission in the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) that will provide high-resolution optical imaging, as well as near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy, over about 14,000 deg^2 of extragalactic sky. In addition to accurate weak lensing and clustering measurements that probe structure formation over half of the age of the Universe, its primary probes for cosmology, these exquisite data will enable a wide range of science. This paper provides a high-level overview of the mission, summarising the survey characteristics, the various data-processing steps, and data products. We also highlight the main science objectives and expected performance

Euclid. I. Overview of the Euclid mission

International audienceThe current standard model of cosmology successfully describes a variety of measurements, but the nature of its main ingredients, dark matter and dark energy, remains unknown. Euclid is a medium-class mission in the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) that will provide high-resolution optical imaging, as well as near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy, over about 14,000 deg^2 of extragalactic sky. In addition to accurate weak lensing and clustering measurements that probe structure formation over half of the age of the Universe, its primary probes for cosmology, these exquisite data will enable a wide range of science. This paper provides a high-level overview of the mission, summarising the survey characteristics, the various data-processing steps, and data products. We also highlight the main science objectives and expected performance