Sperm DNA fragmentation index and cumulative live birth rate in a cohort of 2,713 couples undergoing assisted reproduction treatment

Objective: To study how the choice of the first assisted reproductive technology treatment type affects the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) in couples with high sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). Design: Longitudinal cohort study. Setting: University-affiliated fertility clinic. Patient(s): A total of 2,713 infertile couples who underwent assisted reproductive technology treatment between 2007 and 2017 were included in the study. All in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments (up to three fresh treatments and all associated frozen-thawed embryo transfers) offered to the couples by the public health care system were included, in total 5,422 cycles. Intervention(s): None. Main Outcome Measure(s): The primary outcome was the CLBR. The secondary outcomes were the fertilization rate and the miscarriage rate. The IVF and ICSI groups were defined according to the method applied in the first treatment cycle. Result(s): In the IVF group, the CLBR values were higher for couples with normal DFI compared with those for couples with high DFI (≥20%) (48.1% vs. 41.6% for conservative CLBR estimate and 55.6% vs. 51.4% for optimal CLBR estimate after adjustment for female age, respectively). No DFI-dependent difference was seen in the ICSI group. Conclusion(s): Our results demonstrated that a high DFI predicts a statistically significantly lower CLBR if IVF and not ICSI is applied in the first cycle of assisted reproduction

The Impact of Paternal and Maternal Smoking on Semen Quality of Adolescent Men.

Maternal smoking during pregnancy has been reported to negatively impact sperm counts of the sons. Sufficient data on the effect of paternal smoking is lacking

Number of men with different exposures to parental smoking during pregnancy in 295 17–20 year-old men from the general population, Malmö, Sweden, 2008–2010.

a<p>Information about parental smoking was missing in 7 smoking men and 22 non-smoking men.</p

Impact of paternal smoking on sperm concentration depending on maternal smoking status (+/−).

<p>The numbers indicate mean relative (%) differences (95% confidence interval of mean differences) and p-values.</p

Mean differences and 95% confidence intervals of difference [95%CI] for untransformed semen variables according to type of exposure (yes compared to no) and adjustment in 295 17–20 year-old men from the general population, Malmö, Sweden, 2008–2010.

<p>Abbreviations: 95%CI, 95% confidence interval; DFI, DNA fragmentation index; MD, mean difference.</p>a<p>Adjusted for abstinence time.</p>b<p>Adjusted for abstinence time, current own smoking and maternal and paternal smoking during pregnancy.</p>c<p>Missing in one man.</p>d<p>Missing in six men.</p

Impact of paternal smoking on total sperm count depending on maternal smoking status (+/−).

<p>The numbers indicate mean relative (%) differences (95% confidence interval of mean differences) and p-values.</p

Impact of maternal smoking on sperm concentration depending on paternal smoking status (+/−).

<p>The numbers indicate mean relative (%) differences (95% confidence interval of mean differences) and p-values.</p

Prevalence (%) of tobacco exposure (current own smoking, maternal and paternal smoking during pregnancy and indoor tobacco smoke exposure as a child) in 295 17–20 year-old men from the general population, Malmö, Sweden, 2008–2010.

<p>Abbreviations: MBR, medical birth register; NA, information not available.</p>a<p>Number of cigarettes were below one per day in three men, missing in three men and reported as one per day in one man that reported himself as a non-smoker;</p>b<p>Missing in eight men;</p>c<p>Missing in twelve men;</p>d<p>Missing in 17 men;</p>e<p>Missing in four men.</p

Semen variables and abstinence time as crude values, before any transformation and adjustment, in all men and in relation to parental smoking during pregnancy in 295 young men from the general population, Malmö, Sweden, 2008–2010.

<p>Abbreviations: DFI, DNA fragmentation index; SD, standard deviation.</p>a<p>For DFI: Mother No n = 229, Mother Yes n = 52.</p>b<p>Missing in one man.</p>c<p>Missing in six men.</p