Grey literature review code

It is often assumed that grey literature is not peer reviewed or lacks standards of quality and rigour. While this is often incorrect, there is currently no standard way of indicating the kind of review process that has occurred. There are also alternative methods to peer review that are often used to scrutinise grey literature such as review by an expert panel or board, internal review and post publication review. This set of Review Codes are suggested as a simple way of indicating to readers that a review process that has been undertaken and what that has entailed. In order to use the Review Code 1. Select the code that is applicable from the list. 2. Add it to the bibliographic information on your document or resource 3. Include a brief explanation of the review process either within the resource or on a separate page with a link provided.   Review Codes Independent peer review Pre-publication peer-review conducted with 1 or more independent experts (academics or recognised experts in the field)   Expert panel review Pre-publication peer-review conducted via expert panel or board which may or may not include members outside of the organisation   Internal review Pre-publication review conducted internally or with external service including proof reading and editing, fact checking and confirmation of results   Other review process Some kind of pre-publication review process conducted that does not fit into any of the above.   Post publication peer review Material able to be reviewed publically on post  publication review website   --------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is an initial concept and feedback is welcome. We are also considering developing some icons that could be used to simplify recognition of the different Review Codes. Produced as part of the Grey Literature Strategies ARC Linkage project       &nbsp

Addressing the cyber safety challenge: from risk to resilience

Addressing the cyber safety challenge: from risk to resilience describes the cyber safety issues emerging from a range of technology trends, how different populations are using technologies and the risks they face, and how we can effectively respond to each group’s unique cyber safety needs. Written by the University of Western Sydney for Telstra Corporation Ltd, the report advocates for continuing to move cyber safety from a ‘risk and protection’ framework to one that focuses on building digital resilience, as well as fostering trust and confidence in the online environment. To do this we need to: Address the needs of populations often neglected by current policies and programs – including adults, seniors, parents, and small to medium enterprises Continue to build the digital literacy skills of all populations, because digital literacy strongly influences users’ ability to engage safely online – this is best achieved by a hands-on learning approach Keep risk in perspective – the risks and benefits of digital participation go hand in hand Broaden the focus from awareness-raising to long-term behaviour change. As digital technologies become further integrated into the everyday lives of Australians, users are potentially exposed to greater risks. However, the risks and benefits of digital participation go hand in hand. The challenge, therefore, is to support users to minimise the risks without limiting their digital participation and their capacity to derive the full benefits of connectivity. If Australians are to benefit as either consumers or providers of online services and products in the e-commerce environment, consumer safety and trust need to be improved. Cyber safety needs to be considered against a transforming backdrop of technology trends, products and practices. While the rise of social media has tended to dominate recent debate and developments in cyber safety, particularly in relation to young people, a range of other trends is also shaping how users engage online, the risks they potentially face in the new media landscape, and the strategies used to address them. These trends include the rise of user generated content and content sharing platforms; the uptake of mobile technologies and, in particular, the adoption of smartphones; cloud computing; platform integration and single sign-on mechanisms; and the rise of GPS and location based services

Why Do Leaders Matter? The Role of Expert Knowledge

Why do some leaders succeed while others fail? This question is important, but its complexity makes it hard to study systematically. We draw on a setting where there are well-defined objectives, small teams of workers, and exact measures of leaders’ characteristics and organizational performance. We show that a strong predictor of a leader’s success in year T is that person’s own level of attainment, in the underlying activity, in approximately year T-20. Our data come from 15,000 professional basketball games and reveal that former star players make the best coaches. This ‘expert knowledge’ effect is large

INSTRUCTOR CARING: USING SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY TO UNDERSTAND PERCEPTIONS, MEASUREMENT, AND IMPACT OF INSTRUCTOR CARING ON MOTIVATION AND LEARNING IN ONLINE CONTEXTS

At least one third of college students enrolled in a given year take at least one course that is 80%+ online delivery (Allen & Seaman, 2015). This number has increased from 10% of students just within the last decade. Given this increase, the need for instructional communication research in this context has also grown. One construct that has had little attention in online settings is that of perceived instructor caring. Caring instructors are perceived as concerned, sensitive, not self-centered, and having students’ best interests at heart (McCroskey & Teven, 1999). Caring has the potential to impact various aspects of student success, but has seen limited application in online learning research. Self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985) uses the term relatedness, and assess the impact on motivation; however, this has also been applied very little in online settings. Guided by self-determination theory, the purpose of this dissertation is to explore perceptions of instructor caring in online education environments, to compare student and faculty views of instructor caring, explore the measurement of mediated instructor caring, and to test a mediation model proposing that perceived instructor caring, autonomy, and competence impacts perceived cognitive learning with motivation and affect as mediators. To do this, the author conducted two mixed-methods studies to compare instructor and student perceptions of caring, validate the measurement of caring, and test the model. Findings seek to improve understanding of how these constructs operate in online learning contexts and to assess self-determination theory for use in online settings, as well as to guide future research in various contexts of instructional communication

Publishing digital documents: the Tap Dance guide

Make sure your publications look professional and can be  Discovered – by search engines and by readers  Curated – by information services, clearing houses and libraries   Evaluated – by anyone who wants to use it  Cited and measured - by you so you can track impact and use To do this you need to need to include basic bibliographic information on all documents posted online. Simply remember to T.A.P. D.A.N.C.E  every time you publish by including... Title/Subtitle Author(s) (if applicable) Producing organisation(s) and city/country Date Abstract/Description Number of pages/Size of download/length of video etc Copyright/Creative commons license E-Locator(s) URL link(s) to PDF, Word, HTLM, Audio, Video, PP etc   More advanced moves also highly recommended... Other identifiers (if available): ie ISBN, ISSN, DOI Author affiliation Commissioning organisation Producer city/country and URL Type of document: ie report, discussion paper, evaluation etc. Keywords/ Topics Use headers, bullets & tables And please, don’t lock PDF text! Review Code If your publication has gone through a  review process such as independet review by peers or a board, professional editing or some other form make sure your readers know about it.  Use the review Code guidelines developed by the Grey Literature Strategies project for easy identification of your review process. See apo.org.au/tools/review-code Publishing formats for online documents PDF, Word and HTML are the main options for documents although excel or other programs and formats may also be used. Providing at least two of these is a government requirement. Providing all three is the optimal situation. HTML is preferred for accessibility reasons but a PDF still provides access for many and ensures documents can be opened and printed maintaining formatting. All formats are made more accessible by the use of headings and styles. Don’t lock PDF text as this hinders effective citation or reuse or your content. More information Other guides produced as part of the Grey Literature Strategies project Review Code Online publishing—The TAP DANCE guide Evaluating grey literature—AACODS guide (Not yet available) Websites Policy Online Tools section Australian Government Web Guide AusGOAL W

Publishing online: the Tap Dance guide

Make sure your web content is published professionally and can be: Discovered – by search engines and potential readers Curated – by information services, clearing houses and libraries  Easily evaluated – by anyone who wants to use it Cited and measured – so you can track your impact Follow basic principles of web publishing to help discovery and stability: It’s estimated that at least 30% of web links and references are broken within 2-3 years. Don’t let that be your major report. It\u27s as easily as 1,2,3… 1. Provide a landing page for each distinct piece of content Don’t move content once it is posted - provide redirects if you do move content 2. Provide basic metadata for your content Follow the TAP DANCE metadata checklist so readers know what they will find and can make an informed selection. Title/Subtitle Author(s) (if applicable) Producing organisation(s) Date Abstract/Description Number of pages/Size of download/length of video etc Copyright/Creative commons E-Location—URL link(s)to PDF, Word, HTML, Audio, Video 3. Upload publications to a stable location Where it is unlikely to be moved—preferably a public or institutional repository. If this is on your organization\u27s website use short, clear, descriptive, file names without spaces. Plan for your next web upgrade Many organisations upgrade their websites every few years now and this is a key time when deadlinks are created. If you move all your documents every reference or link will be broken. Talk to your web team and make it a top requirement to keep your URLs stable. Consider other hosting Options Rather than hosting all your own content perhaps there are other options for long term storage and access for your document. Documents can be stored and retrieved in repositories, libraries or other databases helping to ensure long term stability and often providing services such as metrics. Some options are: Policy Online which accepts uploads of content and can mint DOIs for extra stability (see Digital Object Identifier (DOI) project ) Pandora web archive at the National Library of Australia State Libraries Most universities have an institutional repository The Internet Archive Various subject repositories including Social Science Research Network (SSRN), REPEC, arXive etc Academia.edu, Mendeley or other commercial hosting companies Check the Directory of Open Access Repositories for more option

Substitution Between Managers and Subordinates: Evidence from British Football

We use data on British football managers and teams over the 1994-2007 period to study substitution and complementarity between leaders and subordinates. We find for the Premier League (the highest level of competition) that, other things being equal, managers who themselves played at a higher level raise the productivity of less-skilled teams by more than that of highly skilled teams. This is consistent with the hypothesis that one function of a top manager is to communicate to subordinates the skills needed to succeed, since less skilled players have more to learn. We also find that managers with more accumulated professional managing experience raise the productivity of talented players by more than that of less-talented players. This is consistent with the hypothesis that a further function of successful managers in high-performance workplaces is to manage the egos of elite workers. Such a function is likely more important the more accomplished the workers are -- as indicated, in our data, by teams with greater payrolls.Productivity, leadership

Where is the evidence: realising the value of grey literature for public policy and practice

This paper discusses the ways in which the internet has profoundly changed how we produce, use and collect research and information for public policy and practice, particularly focusing on the benefits and challenges presented by grey literature. The authors argue that grey literature (i.e. material produced and published by organisations  without recourse to the commercial or scholarly publishing industry) is a key part of the evidence produced and used for public policy and practice. Through surveys of users, producing organisations and collecting services a detailed picture is provided of the role, importance and economic value of grey literature. However, finding and accessing policy information is a time-consuming task made harder by poor production and management of resources and a lack of large-scale collection services able to host and make available  relevant, high-quality resources quickly and efficiently. The paper makes recommendations for changes that would maximise the benefits of grey literature in the public interest and seeks feedback from readers to inform the final report of the research project. Public policy work increasingly relies on a wide range of resources — some are traditional scholarly publications, but the majority are ‘grey literature’. Reports, discussion papers, briefings, reviews and data sets produced by government, academic centres, NGOs, think tanks and companies are heavily used and highly valued in policy and practice work, forming a key part of the evidence base. The huge amount of information and research published online provides unprecedented access to knowledge, from a wide range of sources, enabling a much greater level of understanding and participation in public interest issues. It also brings a number of challenges: searching, sifting, evaluating and accessing information and research are time-consuming and often frustrating tasks occupying a large portion of the work hours of those engaged in policy work. Online publishing also creates a new paradigm for those whose task it is to support policy and practice work through effective resource provision and information management. As a result, digital curation of policy resources, particularly grey literature, is dispersed and fragmented, creating a digital black hole of resources that are lost from online access over time. The aim of the Grey Literature Strategies research project is to investigate grey literature’s role and importance in policy work and find ways to enhance its value. A key method used was online surveys of producers, users, and collectors of information and research for policy and practice, conducted during 2013

Why Do Leaders Matter? The Role of Expert Knowledge

Why do some leaders succeed while others fail? This question is important, but its complexity makes it hard to study systematically. We examine an industry in which there are well-defined objectives, small teams, and exact measures of leaders’ characteristics. We show that a strong predictor of a leader’s success in year T is that person’s own level of attainment, in the underlying activity, in approximately year T-20. Our data come from 15,000 professional basketball games. The effect on team performance of the coach’s ‘expert knowledge’ is large and is discernible in the data within 12 months of his being hired.organizational performance, firms, leadership, fixed-effects, productivity

Positioning Children’s Voice in Clinical Trials Research: A New Model for Planning, Collaboration, and Reflection

Following the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, there has been considerable growth in research with children about health and services that affect them. Creative methods to engage with children have also been developed. One area where progress has been slower is the inclusion of children’s perspectives in qualitative research in the context of clinical trials or feasibility studies. Addressing this gap, this article discusses experiences of, and reflections on, the process of researching children’s views as part of a clinical feasibility study. The article considers what worked well and highlights remaining dilemmas. A new continuum of children’s engagement in research is presented, designed to assist researchers to make explicit the contingent demands on their research, and to suggest a range of techniques from within the broader fields of health, childhood studies, and education research that could be used to forward qualitative research in clinical contexts