Scatter Plot of Individual Patient Gametocyte Densities

<p>The gametocyte densities (per microlitre) are given over time following treatment with SP (2000) and AL (2002).</p

Number of Notified Malaria Cases in KwaZulu–Natal by Month (January 1993–December 2003)

<p>The number of cases is given in relation to season (peak transmission from January to May, inclusive) and timing of significant malaria control interventions: <i>A</i> indicates reintroduction of DDT for IRS of traditional structures in KwaZulu–Natal in March 2000; <i>B</i> indicates introduction of IRS in southern Mozambique in October 2000; and <i>C</i> indicates implementation of AL as first-line treatment of uncomplicated <i>falciparum</i> malaria in KwaZulu–Natal in January 2001.</p

Map of Umkhanyakude District, Northern KwaZulu–Natal, South Africa

<p>The map indicates the following: the malaria risk by section and the four sentinel facilities for malaria morbidity and mortality review (Ndumo clinic, and Mosvold, Manguzi, and Bethesda rural district hospitals); the communities selected for the household (HH) survey and FGDs; and the Manguzi district hospital where sentinel safety surveillance and Ndumo Clinic where the SP (2000) and AL (2002) in vivo therapeutic efficacy studies were conducted.</p

sj-docx-1-tam-10.1177_17588359231225028 – Supplemental material for Impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and recent chemotherapy on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in patients with soft tissue sarcoma: an analysis from the OnCovid registry

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tam-10.1177_17588359231225028 for Impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and recent chemotherapy on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in patients with soft tissue sarcoma: an analysis from the OnCovid registry by Bruno Vincenzi, Alessio Cortellini, Alessandro Mazzocca, Sarah Orlando, Davide Romandini, Juan Aguilar-Company, Isabel Ruiz-Camps, Claudia Valverde Morales, Simeon Eremiev-Eremiev, Carlo Tondini, Joan Brunet, Rossella Bertulli, Salvatore Provenzano, Mark Bower, Daniele Generali, Ramon Salazar, Anna Sureda, Aleix Prat, Michalarea Vasiliki, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Ailsa Sita-Lumsden, Alexia Bertuzzi, Sabrina Rossi, Amanda Jackson, Federica Grosso, Alvin J. X. Lee, Cian Murphy, Katherine Belessiotis, Uma Mukherjee, Fanny Pommeret, Angela Loizidou, Gianluca Gaidano, Gino M. Dettorre, Salvatore Grisanti, Marco Tucci, Claudia A. M. Fulgenzi, Alessandra Gennari, Andrea Napolitano and David J. Pinato in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology</p

Testing novel strategies for patients hospitalised with HIV-associated disseminated tuberculosis (NewStrat-TB): protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) contributes disproportionately to global tuberculosis mortality. Patients hospitalised at the time of the diagnosis of HIV-associated disseminated TB are typically severely ill and have a high mortality risk despite initiation of tuberculosis treatment. The objective of the study is to assess the safety and efficacy of both intensified TB treatment (high dose rifampicin plus levofloxacin) and immunomodulation with corticosteroids as interventions to reduce early mortality in hospitalised patients with HIV-associated disseminated TB. METHODS: This is a phase III randomised controlled superiority trial, evaluating two interventions in a 2 × 2 factorial design: (1) high dose rifampicin (35 mg/kg/day) plus levofloxacin added to standard TB treatment for the first 14 days versus standard tuberculosis treatment and (2) adjunctive corticosteroids (prednisone 1.5 mg/kg/day) versus identical placebo for the first 14 days of TB treatment. The study population is HIV-positive patients diagnosed with disseminated TB (defined as being positive by at least one of the following assays: urine Alere LAM, urine Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra or blood Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra) during a hospital admission. The primary endpoint is all-cause mortality at 12 weeks comparing, first, patients receiving intensified TB treatment to standard of care and, second, patients receiving corticosteroids to those receiving placebo. Analysis of the primary endpoint will be by intention to treat. Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality at 2 and 24 weeks. Safety and tolerability endpoints include hepatoxicity evaluations and corticosteroid-related adverse events. DISCUSSION: Disseminated TB is characterised by a high mycobacterial load and patients are often critically ill at presentation, with features of sepsis, which carries a high mortality risk. Interventions that reduce this high mycobacterial load or modulate associated immune activation could potentially reduce mortality. If found to be safe and effective, the interventions being evaluated in this trial could be easily implemented in clinical practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04951986. Registered on 7 July 2021 https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04951986