Proportion of <i>Pfcrt</i> 76K and 76T and <i>pfmdr1</i> 86N and 86Y haplotypes amongst children presenting with uncomplicated P. <i>falciparum</i> malaria from January 2002 to December 2007.

<p>T = <i>pfcrt</i> 76T, K = <i>pfcrt</i> 76K, Y = <i>pfmdr1</i> 86Y, N = <i>pfmdr1</i> 86N.</p

Treatment outcome.

<p>Treatment outcome.</p

Monthly variation of <i>pfmdr1</i> 86N and 86Y haplotypes amongst children presenting with uncomplicated P. <i>falciparum</i> malaria between October 2002 and December 2007.

<p>Binomial exact 95% confidence intervals are presented as range spikes with caps.</p

Age, sex and parasitaemia by year.

$<p>age missing for 4 children,</p>*<p>sex unknown for one child.</p><p>Age and parasitaemia are presented as median values with interquartile ranges in brackets.</p><p>Data from 2002 is not included in presented p-values but inclusion of 2002 did not significantly alter the results.</p

Basic characteristics at inclusion.

<p>Basic characteristics at inclusion.</p

Median number of <i>P. falciparum</i> per µl whole blood by season.

<p>Includes 14^a, 7^b and 13^c children for whom <i>pfcrt</i> K76T genotyping failed.</p><p>P values and confidence intervals were calculated by quantile regression (1000 repetitions).</p><p>P values in bold refer to differences compared to the low season January - April.</p><p>P values in brackets and italics refer to comparisons between seasons May-August and September –December.</p><p>Data from mixed infections are not presented as the numbers are small (9, 12 and 18 per season).</p

Monthly variation of <i>pfcrt</i> 76T proportion, monthly number of children with microscopy verified malaria and mean monthly number of children treated for malaria.

<p>Hollow circles. <i>Pfcrt</i> 76T prevalences in samples collected between October 2002 and December 2007. Black squares. The number of malaria cases (incidence) verified by microscopy in studies 2003 to 2007. Black triangles. The mean number of malaria treatments each month over the 2 year period December 2006 to November 2008.</p

Patient Flow.

<p>All withdrawals of consent were due to patients not wanting more blood samples to be taken. All losses to follow up were due to patients travelling. Patients that travelled or withdrew consent contributed time to the Mantel-Haenszel weighted odds ratio calculation until they were censored.</p

Median haemoglobin values (g/L) and proportion of children with anaemia on days 0, 3 and 42.

<p>Median haemoglobin values (g/L) and proportion of children with anaemia on days 0, 3 and 42.</p

Monthly variation of <i>pfcrt</i> K76T haplotypes amongst children presenting with uncomplicated P. <i>falciparum</i> malaria between October 2002 and December 2007.

<p>Mean haplotype prevalence were calculated from samples collected continuously between October 2002 and December 2007. Binomial exact 95% confidence intervals are presented as range spikes with caps.</p