Factors related to positive testing of dogs for visceral leishmaniasis in endemic area in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-10-29T14:52:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KatiaCalabrese_NilzaDAlves_etal_IOC_2006.pdf: 44636 bytes, checksum: 837719621dca60ebfafc66b13d681063 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-10-29T15:03:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KatiaCalabrese_NilzaDAlves_etal_IOC_2006.pdf: 44636 bytes, checksum: 837719621dca60ebfafc66b13d681063 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-29T15:03:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KatiaCalabrese_NilzaDAlves_etal_IOC_2006.pdf: 44636 bytes, checksum: 837719621dca60ebfafc66b13d681063 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.Universidade de Cuiabá. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária. Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido. Departamento de Ciências Animais. Mossoró, RN, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Protozoologia. Laboratório de Imunomodulação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Protozoologia. Laboratório de Imunomodulação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Ceará. Departamento de Estatística e Matemática Aplicada. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.O presente estudo objetivou descrever alguns fatores relacionados à positividade de cães para leishmaniose visceral, em área endêmica do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Foram analisados 198 cães, dos quais 62 foram recrutados de propriedades rurais e 136 de residências urbanas. O diagnóstico foi realizado através dos testes de imunofluorescência indireta e imunoadsorção enzimática. Dos cães analisados, 45% dos positivos eram provenientes da área rural e 35% da área urbana. Analisando a função dos animais, a prevalência foi de 50% dos cães de guarda nas áreas rural e de 43% na área urbana. Quanto aos cães que tinham contato com outros cães de origem rural ou urbana, a prevalência observada de foi 54% e 32%, respectivamente. No que se refere ao sexo, as fêmeas da zona rural foram mais prevalentes. Estes resultados sugerem uma atenção maior sobre o papel destes animais como reservatório dessa zoonose, como também na urbanização da leishmaniose visceral e o inquérito epidemiológico desta doença, no qual estas informações poderão contribuir para o planejamento de estratégias de controle do cão como reservatório doméstico.This study aimed at describing several factors related to positive testing of dogs for visceral leishmaniasis, in an endemic area of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Sera of 198 dogs were analyzed, 62 from rural properties and 136 from urban residences. Diagnosis was performed through indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Forty five percent of positive dogs were from the rural area and 35% came from the urban area. Concerning the analysis of dogs’ function, the watchdogs showed greater prevalence, with 50% prevalence in the rural area and 43% in the urban area. With regard to contact with other dogs and origin in rural or urban areas, the prevalence was 54% and 32% respectively. In relation to gender, females from the rural area were more prevalent. These results suggest more attention should be paid to dogs as reservoirs for this zoonosis, as well as their important role in the urbanization of Leishmaniasis and in epidemiological survey of the disease. These data can contribute to the planning of strategies for control, targeting dogs as domestic reservoirs

Awareness of visceral leishmaniasis and its relationship to canine infection in riverside endemic areas in Northeastern Brazil

IntroductionAn awareness of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is necessary to encourage the population to participate in prevention and control in collaboration with more efficient, centrally organized health programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of the riverside population regarding VL and the association between awareness and the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL).MethodsIn total, 71 people living in riverside areas in the City of Mossoró in State of Rio Grande do Norte participated of the study, and 71 dogs were tested for CVL by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Association analysis of several variables related to knowledge of the riverside population regarding CVL positivity was performed, yielding odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), and significance was determined using chi-square (χ2) and Fisher's exact tests.ResultsAmong individuals whose dogs tested positive for CVL, 60% did not know the cure for CVL, and these subjects were three times more likely to have a dog test positive for CVL than those who were aware the cure for CVL. Knowledge of CVL cure was the only variable that remained in the logistic model after the successive removal of variables, with an adjusted OR of 3.11 (95%CI: 1.1-8,799; p=0.032).ConclusionsInsufficient awareness regarding VL in riverside areas with CVL-positive dogs was associated with increased rates of canine infection, which suggests that changes in habits and the adoption of attitudes and preventive practices may contribute to the control and prevention of this disease. This study reinforces the need to invest in better health education programs regarding VL