Engajamentos Ambivalentes, Efeitos Paradoxais: movimentos feminista e de mulheres na América Latina e/em/contra o desenvolvimento

Os movimentos de mulheres são parcialmente produtos do desenvolvimento e o desenvolvimento tem servido como meta e terreno para o ativismo de mulheres. Desenhando a partir de experiências latino- americanas seletas, esse ensaio irá analisar como o mutante relacionamento de movimentos de mulheres com o desenvolvimento neoliberal tem permitido certos discursos e práticas ativistas e outra/os circunscritos. Minha discussão irá analisar aquele relacionamento mutante em três momentos distintos: Fase I ou Neoliberalismo de Mercado Fundamentalista; Neoliberalismo Multicultural com uma Face Humana ou Neoliberalismo da Fase II; e Neo-desenvolvimentalismo ou Fase III (Pós) Neoliberalismo. Embora esses momentos não tenham sido uniformes em ordem temporal ou desenho e traduções locais de curso produziram uma heterogeneidade de neoliberalismos Latino Americanos, para propósitos heurísticos quero explorar como cada momento constituiu “uma estrutura operativa ou ‘software’ ideológico” particular que engendrou dimensões raciais e impactaram movimentos de mulheres de formas distintas

Encountering Latin American and Caribbean Feminisms

This article examines the Latin American and Caribbean Feminist Encuentros as critical transnational sites for the collective re-imagining of feminist politics in the region. Paying special attention to the most recent regional gathering, held in Juan Dolio, Dominican Republic in 1999, we analyze the major political and philosophical debates that have emerged during twenty years of Encuentros: 1) shifting conceptions of movement autonomy and feminisms\u27 relationship to the larger women\u27s movement and to other actors in civil and political society, the State, and international institutions; 2) controversies generated by the movements\u27 recurrent crises of inclusion and crises of expansion ; and 3) debates centered on differences, inequalities, and power imbalances among women, in general, and among feminists, in particular. While this essay explores how the Encuentros have marked feminist debates in the region, it also argues that they are, in themselves, productive transborder sites that not only reflect but also (re)shape Latin American and Caribbean feminist discourses and practices

Cell mediated immune response elicited in mice after immunization with the P64k meningococcal protein: epitope mapping

The P64k protein of Neisseria meningitidis has been reported as an immunological carrier for weak immunogens. This investigation was aimed at characterizing the T-cell response produced in primed mice and at identifying T helper cell epitopes within this molecule. BALB/c mice subcutaneously immunized with the recombinant antigen provided inguinal lymph node cells (LNC) that proliferated in the presence of P64k in a dose-dependent manner. Proliferating cells secreted IL-4 while the concentration of IL-12 remained unaltered in the culture supernatant. By testing a panel of 59 overlapping synthetic peptides spanning the entire sequence of the antigen a T-cell determinant was localized. Prime-boost and lymphoproliferation experiments, conducted with highly purified synthetic peptides, confirmed that the segment including amino acids 470-485 comprises a T-cell epitope within the P64k molecule

Detección de genes de resistencia antimicrobiana en aislados de Escherichia coli de cerdos de producción con cuadros diarreicos

The aim of this study was to detect antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from pigs with diarrhoea in intensive pig farms in Metropolitan Lima from 2017 to 2020. In total, 119 E. coli isolates were evaluated. The isolates were reactivated to extract the DNA and detect the resistance genes to the main antibiotics and of greater importance in the pig industry, such as tetracyclines (tetA, tetB and tetC), sulfonamides (sul1, sul2 and sul3), streptomycin-spectinomycin (strA/strB, aadA) and apramycin (aac(3)IV) by conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results showed that 98.3% (117/119) of the isolates were positive for at least one antimicrobial resistance gene, especially the tetracycline group (88.2%). Of the 10 antimicrobial resistance genes considered, the tetA gene had the highest frequency (68%; 81/119), followed by the sul3 gene (64.7%; 77/119). The high percentage of antimicrobial resistance genes indicates a reality of the problem of bacterial resistance against antimicrobials in the study area, hence the importance of antimicrobial resistance surveillance and the correct use of antibiotics.El estudio tuvo como objetivo la detección de los genes de resistencia a los antibióticos en aislados de Escherichia coli obtenidos de cerdos con cuadros diarreicos granjas tecnificadas de Lima Metropolitana desde 2017 hasta 2020. Se evaluaron 119 aislados de E. coli. Los aislados fueron reactivados para extraer el ADN y detectar los genes de resistencia a los principales antibióticos y de mayor importancia en la industria porcina, tales como las tetraciclinas (tetA, tetB y tetC), sulfonamidas (sul1, sul2 y sul3), estreptomicina-espectinomicina (strA/strB, aadA) y apramicina (aac(3)IV) mediante la Reacción en Cadena de Polimerasa (PCR) convencional. El 98.3% (117/119) de los aislados fueron positivos a por lo menos un gen de resistencia antimicrobiana, especialmente al grupo de las tetraciclinas (88.2%). De los 10 genes de resistencia antimicrobiana considerados, el gen tetA tuvo la frecuencia más alta (68%; 81/119), seguido del gen sul3 (64.7%; 77/119). El elevado porcentaje de genes de resistencia antimicrobiana indica una realidad a la problemática de la resistencia bacteriana contra los antimicrobianos en la zona del estudio, de allí la importancia de la vigilancia y el correcto uso de los antibióticos

Detección molecular de Staphylococcus pseudintermedius en piodermas caninas

Pyoderma is one of the most diagnosed skin diseases in canines. Among the agents most involved were Staphylococcus intermedius; however, in 2005 it was reclassified into three phenotypically similar species: S. intermedius, S. pseudintermedius and S. delphini, which cannot be identified by conventional biochemistry. Various studies report S. pseudintermedius as the most frequently isolated bacterial agent in pyoderma. Therefore, this study evaluated the presence of S. pseudintermedius using PCR-RFLP in 141 Staphylococcus sp isolates in the Laboratory of Bacteriology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú from cases of canine pyoderma in the period 2016-2018, finding that 87.9% of Staphylococcus sp isolates have been identified as S. pseudintermedius and 12.1% as Staphylococcus sp.La pioderma es una de las enfermedades de la piel más diagnosticada en caninostaphylococcus intermedius; sin embargo, en 2005 fue reclasificado en tres especies fenotípicamente similares: S. intermedius, S. pseudintermedius y S. delphini, por lo cual no pueden ser identificadas por bioquímica convencional. Diversos estudios reportan S. pseudintermedius como el agente bacteriano más frecuentemente aislado en piodermas. Por ello, este estudio evaluó la presencia S. pseudintermedius mediante PCR-RFLP en 141 aislados de Staphylococcus sp en el Laboratorio de Bacteriología de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú, provenientes de casos de pioderma canina en el periodo 2016-2018, encontrando que 87.9% de los aislados de Staphylococcus sp han sido identificados como S. pseudintermedius y 12.1% como Staphylococcus sp

Muscular cystic hydatidosis: case report

BACKGROUND: Hydatidosis is a zoonosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus, and ingesting eggs released through the faeces from infected dogs infects humans. The location of the hydatid cysts is mostly hepatic and/or pulmonary, whereas musculoskeletal hydatidosis is very rare. CASE PRESENTATION: We report an unusual case of primary muscular hydatidosis in proximity of the big adductor in a young Sicilian man. The patient, 34 years old, was admitted to the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases for ultrasonographic detection, with successive confirmation by magnetic resonance imaging, of an ovular mass (13 × 8 cm) in the big adductor of the left thigh, cyst-like, and containing several small cystic formations. Serological tests for hydatidosis gave negative results. A second drawing of blood was done 10 days after the first one and showed an increase in the antibody titer for hydatidosis. The patient was submitted to surgical excision of the lesion with perioperatory prophylaxis with albendazole. The histopathological examination of the bioptic material was not diriment in the diagnosis, therefore further tests were performed: additional serological tests for hydatidosis for the evaluation of IgE and IgG serotype (Western Blot and REAST), and molecular analysis of the excised material. These more specific serological tests gave positive results for hydatidosis, and the sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction products from the cyst evidenced E. granulosus DNA, genotype G1. Any post-surgery complications was observed during 6 following months. CONCLUSION: Cystic hydatidosis should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of any cystic mass, regardless of its location, also in epidemiological contests less suggestive of the disease. The diagnosis should be achieved by taking into consideration the clinical aspects, the epidemiology of the disease, the imaging and immunological tests but, as demonstrated in this case, without neglecting the numerous possibilities offered by new serological devices and modern day molecular biology techniques

Case Series and DARS2 Variant Analysis in Early Severe Forms With Unexpected Presentations

Objective: Leukoencephalopathy with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and lactate elevation (LBSL) is regarded a relatively mild leukodystrophy, diagnosed by characteristic long tract abnormalities on MRI and biallelic variants in DARS2, encoding mitochondrial aspartyl-tRNA synthetase (mtAspRS). DARS2 variants in LBSL are almost invariably compound heterozygous; in 95% of cases, 1 is a leaky splice site variant in intron 2. A few severely affected patients, still fulfilling the MRI criteria, have been described. We noticed highly unusual MRI presentations in 15 cases diagnosed by WES. We examined these cases to determine whether they represent consistent novel LBSL phenotypes. Methods: We reviewed clinical features, MRI abnormalities, and gene variants and investigated the variants' impact on mtAspRS structure and mitochondrial function. Results: We found 2 MRI phenotypes: early severe cerebral hypoplasia/atrophy (9 patients, group 1) and white matter abnormalities without long tract involvement (6 patients, group 2). With antenatal onset, microcephaly, and arrested development, group 1 patients were most severely affected. DARS2 variants were severer than for classic LBSL and severer for group 1 than group 2. All missense variants hit mtAspRS regions involved in tRNAAsp binding, aspartyl-adenosine-5'-monophosphate binding, and/or homodimerization. Missense variants expressed in the yeast DARS2 ortholog showed severely affected mitochondrial function. Conclusions: DARS2 variants are associated with highly heterogeneous phenotypes. New MRI presentations are profound cerebral hypoplasia/atrophy and white matter abnormalities without long tract involvement. Our findings have implications for diagnosis and understanding disease mechanisms, pointing at dominant neuronal/axonal involvement in severe cases. In line with this conclusion, activation of biallelic DARS2 null alleles in conditional transgenic mice leads to massive neuronal apoptosis