Zinsser-Cole-Engmann syndrome: a rare case report with literature review

Zinsser-Cole-Engmann syndrome, more commonly known as Dyskeratosis Congenita, is a heritable genodermato - sis having an estimated incidence of 1 in 1 million people. It is important for an oral physician to be aware of this condition as oral leukoplakia occurs in this condition as part of a classic triad along with reticulate skin pigmentation and nail dystrophy. Besides these, there may be myriad multisystem involvement as well. These individuals have a high predilection for developing malignancies as well as other grave life-threatening conditions. Timely diagnosis and management of these cases may help improve their morbidity and mortality, for which oral physicians can play a major role in recognizing the cases. This will only be possible when more of such cases are reported in dental literature. Here we present a case report of a 30 year old male patient who reported to our department with all the characteristic features of the triad and a few additional findings concordant to the disease as well

Oral Lichen Planus: Relation with Transaminase Levels and Diabetes

Increase of transaminase levels was reported earlier in patients with oral lichen planus. A study was conducted in the department to assess the liver function status (transaminase levels) in oral lichen planus patients and any influence of diabetes mellitus on such cases. Study was performed on 20 patients with different types of oral lichen planus as a study group and 20 control healthy group. Age and sex was randomly selected. All the patients were subjected to routine blood tests and urine analysis and the estimation of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SCOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels. The values of SCOT and SGPT levels < 40 iulL were considered within normal limits. Seven patients (35%) with oral lichen planus had diabetes mellitus while three (15%) cases of the control group had diabetes mellitus (p = 0.04). Regarding SCOT and SGPT levels, it was elevated in 11(55%) cases and in 2 cases (10%) of the study group and control group respectively (p < 0.001). In relation to the type of oral lichen planus out of 8 erosive cases, 87.5%(7 cases) showed elevated SCOT/SGPT levels out of 12 nonerosive cases. 33.33% (4 cases) showed elevated SCOT/SGPT levels (p < 0.01). We hence conclude that diabetes mellitus and elevated transaminase levels might be related to the development of oral lichen planus lesions. There is a strong association between elevated SCOT/SGPT levels and detection of erosive type of oral lichen planu

CLEIDOCRANIAL DYSPLASIA - A Case Report

Cleidocranial Dysplasia is a disorder of teeth, jaws and other bones of body which arise.>due to chromosomal abnormalities, (autosomal dominant disorder). A case of cleidocranial dysplasia is presented who had classical diagnostic features of the syndrom

Possible role of estrogen in temporomandibular disorders in female subjects: A research study

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are common pain conditions that have the highest prevalence among women of reproductive age. The high prevalence of TMD pain among women, pattern of onset after puberty, and lowered prevalence rates in the postmenopausal years suggest that female reproductive hormones play an etiological role in TMDs. Aims and Objectives: To assess the possible role of estrogen in female subjects with temporomandibular disorders. Materials and Methods: A total of 195 subjects were examined for the study and divided into two groups: TMD positive and TMD negative subjects, which were further divided into women of reproductive age (20-40 years) and postmenopausal women. The serum estrogen (β-estradiol) level was estimated in both the groups. In reproductive women, the serum estrogen level was estimated in the follicular phase. Conclusion: A statistically significant association was found between the female sex hormone estrogen (β-estradiol) level and temporomandibular disorders

Ellis-van creveld syndrome: Report of two cases

Chondroectodermal dysplasia (Ellis-van Creveld syndrome) appears to involve all the embryonic layers. Nails, teeth and gums indicate the involvement of ectodermal layer; sometimes it may accompanied by eye and neural involvement. Abnormalities of the bones, heart, kidneys indicate the involvement of mesodermal involvement. Endodermal involvement though not very common but some patents may have lung and liver abnormalities. Oral signs are very peculiar and provide vital clue for the diagnosis and further counseling of such patients

Tuberculosis of tongue: Report of a rare case

Tuberculosis is a common infectious disease that is caused by mycobacteria, primarily Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis most commonly affects the lungs. Tongue tuberculosis is very rarely described in the literature. Tongue tuberculosis can be primary with no evidence of involvement of other organs, especially the lungs, or, more commonly, secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis. The occurrence of tuberculosis of tongue as a primary lesion is quite rare and invariably the condition is associated with pulmonary or laryngeal tuberculosis. In this article, a 58-year-old male reported to us with two months history of a painful ulcerated lesion on his tongue and respiratory symptoms. Chest radiograph showed bilateral infiltrates and multiple cavities in the upper and middle lung fields. Tongue biopsy revealed granuloma, which is typical for tuberculosis, and his sputum smear was positive for acid fast bacilli. The patient was started on a regimen of isoniazide, rifampicine, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. The tongue completely healed within a month. In conclusion, tuberculosis should be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis of chronic ulcerative tongue lesions

Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint internal derangements: A comparative study

Objective: The purpose of the study was to compare high-resolution ultrasonography (HR-USG) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangements. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 11 subjects with a chief complaint of TMJ discomfort, who were diagnosed as having TMJ internal derangement according to clinical diagnostic criteria (CDC) for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). A control group of eight subjects who had no sign of TMJ internal derangement were also examined. Imaging modalities (MRI and HR-USG) were performed on all the subjects (cases and controls). Results: Strong agreement was found between MRI and HR-USG in the diagnosis of TMJ internal derangements (k = 0.918, P < 0.001). Conclusion: MRI and HR-USG can be used to define the disc and its displacement

Eagle′s syndrome: Report of two cases

Eagle′s syndrome is a diagnostic dilemma. Sometimes, it is diagnosed as an accidental finding whereas at other times, it is diagnosed as a syndrome based on complex clinical and radiological findings. Elongated styloid process can impinge on a number of nerves and vessels in the adjoining area, and symptoms can easily be confused with a variety of orofacial pain conditions. Hence, for the treatment and management of such cases, proper diagnosis is very important, and a dentist should always keep Eagle′s syndrome in mind while encountering patients with chronic orofacial pain