Protective effect of decorin on acute ischaemia-reperfusion injury in the rat kidney

Introduction: Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) has a crucial role in collagen synthesis and fibrosis. TGF-beta 1 can be antagonized and/or reduced by the action of certain agents. We propose to identify the role of decorin in treatment of tubular and interstitial fibrosis and in the inhibition of TGF-beta 1 in an acute ischaemic kidney

Unusual presentation of eosinophilic fasciitis: two case reports and a review of the literature

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Eosinophilic fasciitis is an uncommon disorder with unknown etiology and a poorly understood pathogenesis. We present the cases of two patients with eosinophilic fasciitis with unusual presentation, and describe the clinical characteristics and laboratory findings related to them.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>The first case involves a 29-year-old Turkish man admitted with pain, edema and induration of his right-upper and left-lower limbs. Unilateral edema and stiffness with prominent pretibial edema was noted upon physical examination. A high eosinophil count was found on the peripheral smear. The second case involves a 63-year-old Turkish man who had pain, edema, erythema, and itching on his upper and lower extremities, which developed after strenuous physical activity. He had cervical lymphadenopathy and polyarthritis upon physical examination, and rheumatoid factor and antinuclear antibody upon laboratory examination.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Eosinophilic fasciitis can present with various symptoms. When patients exhibit eosinophilia, arthralgia and myalgia, eosinophilic fasciitis should be considered as a possible diagnosis.</p

An Overview of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

Urolithiasis is a worldwide problem in the general population, due to its high prevalence and frequency of recurrence. Since the first successful stone extraction through a nephrostomy in 1976, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has become the preferred procedure especially for treatment of large, complex staghorn calculi. Of the minimally invasive treatment strategies, the PCNL procedure is simply based on the creation of a proper percutaneous renal access, through the most appropriate part of the kidney, dilation of this tract, and fragmentation. Most of these complications are related to tract formation and size. During the development of the PCNL technique, the different terminology emerged, mainly according to the tract size such as standard, micro-PCNL, mini-PCNL, and ultra-mini-PCNL. The aim of this study is an overview of the PCNL, including the history, training, procedure and type of PCNL, and possible complications

Associations Between PSA Levels and Erectile Dysfunction in the Patient with LUTS

Erectile dysfunction (ED) are common problem in males with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive (LUTS).The aim of this study is to evaluate whether there is an association between PSA levels and ED or not. This study included total of 54 males aged 45-75 years old, who attended in department of urology. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) was used for LUTS measurements. The International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire-5 (IIEF) was used ED measurements. We evaluate the relationship between PSA and ED or LUTS. Patients were divided into3 groups according to PSA level. Group 1: 0,1-1,3 ng/dl, group 2: 1,3-3,2ng/dl and group 3: 3,2-10 ng/dl. The IPSS score was 16,9 in group 1, 18,1 in group 2 and 21 in group 3. The IIEF score 16,4/14,1/13,8 respectively. The severity of ED or LUTS was associated with the PSA level. PSA showed a significant positive correlation with ED and LUTS. In group 1 patients having lowest PSA level, sexuel function was better. ED was positively correlated with LUTS. ED and LUTS were significantly and independently correlated with PSA level. PSA may be a predictor factor for ED. But, there was no significant difference between PSA level and ED. Nevertheless, multicenteric, controlled, long-term, randomized studies are needed. [Med-Science 2016; 5(1.000): 27-33

The socio-demografic characteristics of enuresis nocturna in childhood

Background: Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a rapidly progressive, destructive, necrotizing fasciitis of the perianal, perineal, and genital regions. Common clinical symptoms include sudden intense pain in the scrotum, prostration, fever, and pallor. In this study, the aim was to assess FG through a wider lens. Methods: 60 patients that presented with FG at the authors' hospital over a 6-year period between April 2008 and March 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Age, gender, site of gangrene, risk factors, symptoms, microbiology, treatment modalities, Fournier's Gangrene Severity Index score (FGSI), and mortality data were evaluated. Results: 60 male patients with a mean age of 55 (ranging between 48-62) were included in the study. 50 patients survived and the mortality rate was 16.6%. Septic shock (n: 4), cardiogenic shock (n:4), and pneumonia (n:2) were the official causes of death. As a risk factor, 45 (75%) patients had diabetes mellitus (DM), 40 (66.6%) had hypertension (HT), and 35 (58.3%) had both DM and HT. There were no other co-morbidities in the 10 (16.6%) remaining patients. All the surviving 50 patients were suitable for surgical reconstruction. A split thickness skin grafting procedure was performed for 46 (76.6%) patients and flap reconstruction was performed for 4 (6.6%). None of the patients had hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO). The mean length of hospitalization was 16 days (ranging from 5-58) for all patients. A mean FGSI score at admission was 5.02 +/- 2.45 for survivors compared with 13.8 +/- 4.53 for non-survivors. A mean FGSI score was 4.56 +/- 2.28 for survivors and 11.50 +/- 2.63 for non-survivors during hospitalization. Conclusion: Although FG has a high mortality rate, appropriate management of the disease can reduce it. Early diagnosis, surgical debridement, vacuum-assisted closure application, and antibiotherapy are essentials for treating FG. [Arch Clin Exp Surg 2016; 5(3.000): 134-137

Frequency of Stent Placement after Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy in a University and a State Hospital

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare frequen­cy of ureteral stent placement after ureteroscopic litho­tripsy in a university and a state hospital of two different cities, which are endemic in terms of stone and often ure­terolithotripsy was performed for urolithiasis treatment. Methods: The patients who applied in to urology clinic of Inonu University Turgut Ozal Medical Center (TOMC) and urology clinic of Osmaniye State Hospital (OSH) between January 2014 and May 2014 were evaluated retrospec­tively. The patients who underwent ureteroscopic lithotrip­sy due to ureteral stone, were evaluated stone locations, stone sizes, grades of pelvicaliectasia and ureteral stent placement status. Results: About 92 patients were enrolled into the study from the both hospital. After the endoscopic ureteral stone treatment, Double J stent was placed in 85 patients in TOMC (92.3%) and 82 patients in OSH (89.1%). Stent im­plantation rate in the university hospital was higher than the state hospital but this was not statistically significant. There was a statistically meaningful difference in mean operative time between the 2 groups. Conclusion: Double J stent placament is recently per­formed too often after the endoscopic ureteral stone treat­ment. According to our study, university hospitals have a higher rate of incidence of double j stent placement ac­cording to state hospitals. It can be reason for that, uni­versity hospitals as the last line treatment centers, more complicated cases that refer to these centers. But in this matter, prospective, multicenter and larger series studies are needed

Are neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios valuable in predicting prostate cancer?

Introduction and Hypothesis: We retrospectively evaluated the prognostic impact of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a marker for inflammatory and immune state in men with prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a single urology clinic to review the medical data of 558 patients who underwent transrectal prostate needle biopsies between 2007 and 2014. Prior to transrectal prostate needle biopsies, patient histories, physical examinations, and routine laboratory tests including blood biochemistry, urinaly- sis and urine cultures, free PSA and total PSA, rectal examination, transrectal ultrasound findings, and pathology results were evaluated. Results: Benign biopsy results were found in 287 patients (Group 1) using neutrophil / lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet / lymphocyte ratio (PLR). When calculating malignancy in 271 patients (Group 2), there was no significantly difference in NLR and PLR values between benign and malign prostate diseases (p=0.14 and p=0.369, respectively). Conclusion: With reference to the survey prior to the biopsy, NLR and PLR ratio values do not appear to be helpful in the differentiation of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. [Arch Clin Exp Surg 2016; 5(4.000): 194-199

Evaluation of children with inguinoscrotal ectopic adrenal tissues

Aim: To evaluate 6 cases of inguinoscrotal ectopic adrenal nodules, which were detected in 2 hospitals