Pediatric Dermatology In Family Medicine: Common Conditions And Management Strategies

Among the most prevalent disorders are those related to the skin.  However, in medical education and training, this class of illnesses is frequently disregarded. The first line of defence for the treatment of common dermatological diseases is a family physician. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the particular identification, management, encountering, and referral practices related to dermatological illnesses in family care. We also looked into the challenges and opportunities that family doctors experience in family medicine and saw a few of the paediatric dermatological diseases that family doctors may encounter.  Finding areas of weakness in the clinical therapy of certain dermatological disorders, however, will be aided by assessing how family doctors treat particular ailments. Thus, this needs assessment might serve as a foundation for future research on the efficacy of family medicine in treating common paediatric dermatological problems as well as aid in the development of evidence-based training for family physicians in the area

Rate of hepatitis B infection in hospital patients and blood donors in Ha'il, KSA and associated risk factors: A retrospective study

HBV infection is HBV infection is still a major public health and economic concern worldwide. Therefore, epidemiological studies are still at high concern. There are no epidemiological studies conducted for the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in Ha'il in Saudi Arabia so far. This study aimed to estimate the rate of hepatitis B infection and identifying potential risk factors, among patients/blood donors at King Khalid general hospital in Ha'il, KSA. Therefore, a retrospective analysis was performed to estimate Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity among patients/blood donors. Data of 3727 patients/blood donors for HBsAg test was collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Correlations and regression analysis were performed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) programs. The level of statistical significance for the study was set at p < 0.05. The results showed that the rate of HBsAg among patients/blood donors was 1.1%. The rate of HBsAg was higher in male, age group >50 years old, blood donors and kidney artificial unit as well as gastroenterology/hepatology patients and in September. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that only male (P<0.01), progressing age (P<0.001), blood donors (P<0.05) as well as gastroenterology/hepatology patients (P<0.01) made significant contributions to prediction

Laboratory Study of Environmentally Friendly Drilling Fluid Additives to Be Used a Thinner in Water-Based Muds

The use of conventional chemical additives to control drilling mud specifications causes serious health, safety, and environmental side effects. To mitigate these lasting hazards, an economic multifunctional bioenhancers should be exploited as additives in place of the traditional materials to achieve the desired drilling mud properties. Using a bioenhancer is not only safer for the environment, but it poses no risk to drilling personnel and is more cost-efficient than conventional methods. In this work, two concentrations of is Palm Tree Leave Powder (PTLP) were added to the base mud and drilling fluid properties were measured. The pH test demonstrated PTLP\u27s ability to minimize alkalinity. At 1.5% (11 gm) PTLP, the pH was decreased by 21%, while 3% (22 gm) PTLP showed a reduction of 28%. A reduction in seepage loss (cc/30min) of 26% and 32% was also observed, respectively, when comparing it to the reference fluid. Simultaneous improvement of the mud cake was seen over the reference fluid, signifying PTLP could also substitute fluid loss control agents. The plastic viscosity (PV) of the reference fluid was insignificantly affected by the introduction 1.5% (11gm) PTLP. However, when the concentration of PTLP was increased to 3% (22 gm) a tangible increase in PV was seen due to the inefficient grinding of the palm tree leaves (PTL) and irregular dispersal of particle sizes. To mitigate this, a more effective form of grinding for PTL is needed as well as a sieve analysis to ensure equal distribution of particle sizes. The second component of viscosity, yield point (YP), was drastically reduced by 59% at both 1.5% (11 gm) and 3% (22 gm) as compared to the reference fluid. Additionally, initial and final gel strengths were significantly reduced at both concentrations. These results are an indicator that PTLP can be a viable option as a thinning material for water-based mud. Considering the previously stated results, PTLP can be a feasible replacement or at least supportive material for conventional pH reducers, filtration loss control agents, and viscosity thinners. This biodegradable drilling mud additive shows great potential and is a practical option to replace or at least support toxic chemicals traditionally used such as lignosulphonate, chrome-lignite, and Resinex. This work outlines a practical guide for reducing drilling fluid costs as well as the impact on drilling personnel and the environment