DNA Markers Identify Genetic Heritage between Chickadees near a Contact Zone in Illinois

I studied the genetic interactions of Black-capped (Poecile atricapilus) (BCCH) and Carolina (P. carolinensis) (CACH) Chickadees in and near the largest hybrid contact zone in Illinois. Biologists have assumed Carolina and Black-capped Chickadees hybridize in their large contact zone in Bond and Fayette Counties, based on intermediate morphological measurements, plumage characteristics and the production of aberrant vocalizations. In determining hybridization, however, diagnostic genetics may be more useful than any other criterion. The genetic and environmental factors that have contributed to the survival of this chickadees hybrid zone have underscored the genetic integrity of both species. We collected tissues from chickadees during the breeding season from different areas within and near the contact zone. We isolated and compared mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) which allowed us to assess maternal genotypes for our samples and compare them with both of the species. After we analyzed the DNA sequences of each species of our samples, we identified that genetic mixing occurs within this contact zone. In addition, our results confirmed the mtDNA from all our samples had high expression of BCCH sequences but was distinct enough to suggest closer to CACH

A Study on the Hierarchical Control Structure of the Islanded Microgrid

The microgrid is essential in promoting the power system’s resilience through its ability to host small-scale DG units. Furthermore, the microgrid can isolate itself during main grid faults and supply its demands. However, islanded operation of the microgrid is challenging due to difficulties in frequency and voltage control. In islanded mode, grid-forming units collaborate to control the frequency and voltage. A hierarchical control structure employing the droop control technique provides these control objectives in three consecutive levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary. However, challenges associated with DG units in the vicinity of distribution networks limit the effectiveness of the islanded mode of operation.In MV and LV distribution networks, the X/R ratio is low; hence, the frequency and voltage are related to the active and reactive power by line parameters. Therefore, frequency and voltage must be tuned for changes in active or reactive powers. Furthermore, the line parameters mismatch causes the voltage to be measured differently at each bus due to the different voltage drops in the lines. Hence, a trade-off between voltage regulation and reactive power-sharing is formed, which causes either circulating currents for voltage mismatch or overloading for reactive power mismatch. Finally, the economic dispatch is usually implemented in tertiary control, which takes minutes to hours. Therefore, an estimation algorithm is required for load and renewable energy quantities forecasting. Hence, prediction errors may occur that affect the stability and optimality of the control. This dissertation aims to improve the power system resilience by enhancing the operation of the islanded microgrid by addressing the above-mentioned issues. Firstly, a linear relationship described by line parameters is used in droop control at the primary control level to accurately control the frequency and voltage based on measured active and reactive power. Secondly, an optimization-based consensus secondary control is presented to manage the trade-off between voltage regulation and reactive power-sharing in the inductive grid with high line parameters mismatch. Thirdly, the economic dispatch-based secondary controller is implemented in secondary control to avoid prediction errors by depending on the measured active and reactive powers rather than the load and renewable energy generation estimation. The developed methods effectively resolve the frequency and voltage control issues in MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations

A differential operator realisation approach for constructing Casimir operators of non-semisimple Lie algebras

We introduce a search algorithm that utilises differential operator realisations to find polynomial Casimir operators of Lie algebras. To demonstrate the algorithm, we look at two classes of examples: (1) the model filiform Lie algebras and (2) the Schr\"odinger Lie algebras. We find that an abstract form of dimensional analysis assists us in our algorithm, and greatly reduces the complexity of the problem.Comment: 22 page

On Casimir Operators of Conformal Galilei Algebras

In previous work, we introduced an algorithm that utilises differential operator realisations to find polynomial Casimir operators of Lie algebras. In this article we build on this work by applying the algorithm to several classes of finite dimensional conformal Galilei algebras with central extension. In these cases we highlight the utility of an algebra anti-automorphism, and give relevant details through key examples.Comment: 18 page

Green Product and Process Innovation, Corporate Environmental Ethics and Competitive Advantages among Manufacturing Firms in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The prime objective of the study is to examine the impact of green product innovation, green process innovation, and corporate environmental ethics on the competitive advantages of Saudi manufacturing firms. In addition to that, the study has also planned to examine the mediating role of corporate environmental ethics and moderating role of corporate environmental management in the relationship between green product innovation, green process innovation, and competitive advantages of Saudi manufacturing. This study used a quantitative approach to research with a cross-sectional method for the collection of data. This study used purposive sampling for the collection of data from the production managers of the manufacturing industry of KSA. The participation of the production managers in current was on a volunteer base. A structured questionnaire was used to gather the data from the respondents. The scale item for all constructs was adapted from the previous studies and measured on a 5-point Likert scale. “Partial Least Squares” (PLS) method of analysis was employed for the analysis of the research model using the Smart-PLS (Ringle et al., 2020). The present study found out that if a firm is consistent about investing more in CEE, the KSA manufacturing industry would witness improvement in their GRpdI and competitive advantage. Thus, these findings can be utilized by the manufacturing industries in KSA. By observing the environmentalism approach of consumers and strict rules at the international level, the firms shouldn't avoid their environmental duties. This study intends to fulfill the purpose of contributing to managers of the manufacturing industry of KSA, their researchers and policy formulators which may further contribute to their respective areas

Fuzzy sliding mode controller for cascaded multilevel inverter

This research provide an analytical study to sliding mode controller and fuzzy sliding mode controller for cascaded 5-Level inverter. The cascaded 5-Level inverter used in this research is implemented based on phase shifted Pulse width modulation technique. An output LC filter is used to reduce harmonics elements. The system is implemented mathematically using a state space representation. Then the averaging model is obtained on order to prepare the system’s equations to be appreciated with sliding mode method. After modeling the system, sliding mode controller is designed. Lastly, Fuzzy logic controller is designed with desired scaling factor to fuzzify the sliding surface. Both controller are connected to three types of load to identify their behavior. The simulation results show that the proposed fuzzy sliding mode controller is more robust than sliding mode controller

The Influence Of Culture And Attitude On Students’ Lms Acceptance In Learning Mathematics At The University Of Ha’il In Saudi Arabia

In the past few decades, information and communication technology (ICT) has grown rapidly, promoting the use of e-learning resources such as learning management system (LMS), which is now a requirement in Saudi Arabia. LMS was adopted to increase learning experience, prepare students by teaching them technology-related skills and enabling them to become competitive, and reducing time and space use in educational processes. The theoretical basis for researching variables affecting the usage of the LMS is focused on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). On the basis of these hypotheses, it is assumed that the model constructs will improve the behavioural intention of the students to use LMS at an incremental level in studying mathematics. Only three cultural dimensions showed no significant effect on LMS usage by the students, which may be attributed to the complexities of Saudi Arabian society. In this study a questionnaire was used to explore the perceptions of students regarding the variables of the study. The data were collected and evaluated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). In fact, focused on analytical principles of the social sciences, data analysis includes three major steps: preparing and arranging data for review (data preparation), explaining data (descriptive statistics), and evaluating theories and models (inferential statistics). Measurement model is a component of the route model that involves structures (latent variables) and their relationships with their markers (items), defined in PLS–SEM as the outer model. Researchers choose the evaluation tool for the calculation process depending on the type of structures in the model, whether predictive or formative tests. The research hypotheses that success expectation, commitment expectation, social influence, attitude and culture of the students have a significant positive effect on the behavioral intention of the undergraduate students towards the use of the LMS in learning mathematics at UOH in Saudi Arabia. In addition, behavioral intention is strongly linked to the real use of the LMS by UOH undergraduate students in learning mathematics. The current findings illustrated that although several studies showed a positive relationship between the mindset of students and their behavioural intention towards the use of the LMS

The Influence Of Culture And Attitude On Students’ Lms Acceptance In Learning Mathematics At The University Of Ha’Il In Saudi Arabia

In the past few decades, information and communication technology (ICT) has grown rapidly, promoting the use of e-learning resources such as learning management system (LMS), which is now a requirement in Saudi Arabia. LMS was adopted to increase learning experience, prepare students by teaching them technology-related skills and enabling them to become competitive, and reducing time and space use in educational processes. The theoretical basis for researching variables affecting the usage of the LMS is focused on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). On the basis of these hypotheses, it is assumed that the model constructs will improve the behavioural intention of the students to use LMS at an incremental level in studying mathematics. Only three cultural dimensions showed no significant effect on LMS usage by the students, which may be attributed to the complexities of Saudi Arabian society

The Role of Intermediate Stage Teachers in Developing Higher Thinking Skills Among Talent Classes Students in Kuwait

The present study aimed at identifying the role of middle school teachers in developing higher-order thinking skills among students of talent classes in Kuwait. The study included (84) teachers involved in teaching classes for gifted middle school students, including 46 teachers and 38 teachers.  A  special  questionnaire for middle school teachers to know their role in the development of higher thinking skills among students of talent classes in Kuwait, and used the descriptive method in answering questions, and the results indicated that the field of school management came first in the highest arithmetic average  The field of school activities came in the third place with a high rating, followed by the curriculum and teaching methods in the fourth place with a high grade, while the field of difficulties facing the teacher in developing higher-order thinking skills came in the second place.  The results of the study indicated that there are no statistically significant differences in knowing the role of middle school teachers in developing higher thinking skills among students of talent classes in Kuwait due to the gender impact in all fields except school activities.  The results of the study indicated that there are no statistically significant differences in knowing the role of middle school teachers in developing higher thinking skills among students of talent classes in Kuwait due to the effect of scientific qualification.  Fields.  The study recommended that the programs offered to gifted students should be reconsidered through the attention of the chapters on the latest developments in the international standards for gifted care in all fields. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-9-11 Publication date:March 31st 202