Müllerian duct cyst misdiagnosed as ovarian cyst: a rare case report

The Müllerian duct cyst is a remnant of the caudal ends of the fused embryologic paramesonephric ducts (or Müllerian ducts). Preoperative distinction of ovarian cyst from a Müllerian duct cyst is important and is based on visualization of the ipsilateral ovary separate from the mass. Müllerian duct cysts may also be mistaken as paratubal, paraovarian or peritoneal inclusion cysts and hydrosalpinx. Thus, preoperative diagnosis of Müllerian cyst of the uterus can be very challenging. However, with increased awareness, preoperative diagnosis of this condition should be possible by sonography. Laparoscopy is useful as a minimally invasive treatment to diagnose as well as resect the cyst at the same time. We present a rare case of Müllerian duct cyst misdiagnosed as ovarian cyst pre-operatively and managed laparoscopically. A 32 year old multiparous female presented with the complaint of lump and dull aching pain in lower abdomen since three months. A cystic mobile mass measuring 6X7 cm with smooth surface which corresponded to 16 weeks gravid uterus size was palpated arising from pelvis. Her pelvic ultrasonography revealed a 7X7 cm unilocular thin walled simple cyst in right ovary suggestive of serous cystadenoma. Her CA-125 was 5.3 IU/ml. She was taken up for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy. Intra-operatively, a 7X7 cm cyst was seen arising from right lateral wall of uterus. Histopathology showed the cyst wall features consistent with a Müllerian duct cyst

Hygiene practices and awareness regarding Milk borne diseases (MBD) among dairy workers in unorganized urban settings of Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Background: Dairy work is thought to be predominantly a rural occupation. However, due to preferences we see a lot of urban residents consume fresh milk and hence, few people even in the urban areas take up cattle rearing as a cost effective profession. In the midst of much talked re-emerging diseases, caused by close habitation of animals and man, it would be very relevant to see living conditions of these populations and their hygiene practices in a space compromised scenario. In urban settings, they stay in close proximity and due to socioeconomic conditions, dairy workers in do not have appropriate amenities to tend on the cattle,clean or even scope for proper waste disposal. This in nutshell, leads to a disease enabling environment and the study aims at reviewing these living conditions. Besides, an assessment of health conditions of the dairy workers, their awareness regarding the milk borne diseases(MBD) was done. The findings helped generate recommendations for improvement of the profession and ultimately the quality of the milk. Objectives:1) Assess the hygiene practices during the stages of milk collection, storage and transport of milk among the sampled dairy workers from urban unorganized settings of Bhubaneswar. 2) Assess awareness of these workers regarding milk borne diseases. Methodology: This cross?sectional survey was part of a larger study and was conducted in unorganized sector of dairy workers in Bhubaneswar. 60 dairy households were surveyed and from each household, 2 members actively involved in dairy work were selected.The study tool was a semi structured, mixed questionnaire. The questionnaire had 3 sections; A was regarding household information(General sociodemographic details and Housing conditions for 60 HHs); B was to elicit the hygiene status of dairy workers(n=120) during each step of their work, their milk handling details during milk collection, storage and transportation; C had questions to assess the awareness of dairy worker regarding MBD. Results: Hygiene practices were very dismal at all points like milking,storage and transportation. Only 5.0% dairy households practised cleaning udder twice- prior to and after milking. Only 35% households kept the milk storage containers covered. 44.2% workers agreed that “MBD” is a community health problem. On general examination, pallor and icterus was found among workers. This strongly brings out that this group not only have the potential to be infected by zoonotic diseases, but can also transmit it to through the milk they are selling. A felt need is assessed for these workers in terms of creating standards of hygiene practices of cattle and milk handling and also impart them training on improving their occupational practices

Respiratory health of the small scale dairy workers of urban Bhubaneswar, Odisha

Background: Human in close inhabitation with the cattle due to unventilated or inadequately ventilated establishments or inadequate living space, is always at a risk of sustaining infection from the cattle through different modes of disease transmission. This study hints at the increased incidences in respiratory infections among dairy workers in unorganized and small scale dairy farms due to amendable unhygienic practices. Methods: This survey was part of a larger study, conducted after ethics approval. Number of households involved in dairy work surveyed were 60. From every house, two members actively involved in dairy work were chosen and total respondents were 120. The study tool was a semi structured, mixed questionnaire. Results: 67.5% dairy workers self-reported occurrence of respiratory symptoms which included the complaints like cough,breathing difficulty on exertion. None of the dairy workers were vaccinated against any milk borne disease.Conclusion: The housing, civic amenities accessed by them and their awareness are probably the main reasons for wide variety of self perpetuated practices and deviations of standard requirement.Use of protective gear (gloves,caps,masks) should be strictly emphasized and popularized

Amplified Spontaneous Emission enhanced Forward Stimulated Raman Scattering in dye solutions

We study forward stimulated Raman emission from weakly fluorescent dye 4'-diethylamino-N-methyl-4-stilbazolium tosylate (DEST) in 1,2,dichloroethane solution excited by a 28 ps, 532 nm Nd: YAG laser. Neat 1, 2, dichloroethane emits the first Stokes line at 631 nm with a spectral width of 1.6 nm corresponding to a Raman shift of 2956 per cm. We observe reduction of spectral width with the addition of DEST in 1, 2, dichloroethane solution. The single pass conversion efficiency for forward Raman emission is as high as 20 percent in a 1 cm path length sample. The pulse duration of forward stimulated Raman emission measured by a third order autocorrelation technique is 10 ps in neat 1, 2, dichloroethane, whereas it is nearly 3 ps for 0.04 mM of DEST solution.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Redox Modifications of Carbon Dots Shape Their Optoelectronics

Carbon dots (CDs) are 1–10 nm scaled complex nanostructures with a wide range of applications and show unconventional photophysical behavior upon excitation. In this article, we have unveiled some of the underlying mechanisms and excited state dynamics of CDs by perturbing their interface with oxidizing and reducing agents. With no substantial alteration in size of surface-treated oxidized (^OCDs), reduced (^RCDs), and untreated CDs (^UCDs), we observe marked changes in their charge transport properties and diverse spectral signatures in singlet and triplet excited states. Fine tuning of the spectral behavior of nanomaterials is often treated as an outcome of quantum confinement of the excitons. Herein with different spectroscopic techniques along with conducting atomic force microscopy and triplet–triplet absorption, we elucidate that, not just confinement, the structural modification at the surface also dictates optoelectronic behavior by altering some properties such as energy band gap, quantum tunneling across the metal–CD–metal junction, and yield of triplet excitons

Higher education students’ achievement emotions and their antecedents in e-learning amid COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-country survey

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a wide range of negative consequences for higher education students. We explored the generalizability of the control-value theory of achievement emotions for e-learning, focusing on their antecedents. We involved 17019 higher education students from 13 countries, who completed an online survey during the first wave of the pandemic. A structural equation model revealed that proximal antecedents (e-learning self-efficacy, computer self-efficacy) mediated the relation between environmental antecedents (cognitive and motivational quality of the task) and positive and negative achievement emotions, with some exceptions. The model was invariant across country, area of study, and gender. The rates of achievement emotions varied according to these same factors. Beyond their theoretical relevance, these findings could be the basis for policy recommendations to support stakeholders in coping with the challenges of e-learning and the current and future sequelae of the pandemic.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio