SURE: A Novel Approach for Self Healing Battery Starved Users using Energy Harvesting

Radio Frequency (RF) energy harvesting holds a promising future for energizing low power mobile devices in next generation wireless networks. Harvesting from a dedicated RF energy source acquires much more energy than simply harvesting from ambient RF sources. In this paper, novel Self-healing of Users equipment by RF Energy transfer scheme is introduced between the network operator and battery starved users to heal and extend their battery life time by sending dedicated energy from different sources in order to be aggregated and harvested by starved users. This approach depends on the concept of Energy as a Service where the network operator delivers energy to battery starved users in the next generation networks. A mixed integer non-linear optimization problem is formulated and solved efficiently using three heuristic algorithms. Simulation results prove that sufficient amounts of energy can be delivered to starved users while minimizing their uplink power requirements and guaranteeing a minimum uplink data rate

Fronthaul cell outage compensation for 5G networks

5G networks are expected to bring the gigabits per second throughput level per user to reality by 2020. This is done using a combination of new and well known technologies such as C-RAN, self-organizing networks, ultra dense networks, massive MIMO, and millimeter waves. In new RAN architectures, C-RAN has been viewed as a promising 5G architecture that centralizes baseband processing units and virtualizes them into a resource pool. The baseband units are connected to the remote radio heads via high speed fronthaul links. Failure of any 5G cell site fronthaul means the loss of hundreds of gigabits, or even terabits. In this article, we present a novel cell outage compensation approach using new SHRs added to each cell site in the 5G network. These SHRs operate only in case of fronthaul/ backhaul failure of any cell site in the network. A new software defined controller is introduced to handle the self-healing procedures. The article also introduces a high-level simulation study that is carried out to assess the proposed approach. The simulation results confirm the advantages of the proposed approach in terms of the degree of recovery from failures

A Novel Approach for Back-haul Self Healing in 4G/5G HetNets

4G/5G Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets), which are expected to have a very dense multi-layer network structure, have emerged as a solution to satisfy the increasing demand for high data rates. These networks, similar to other networks, are subject to failures of communication components, which may occur due to many reasons. Self-Healing (SH) is the ability of the network to continue its normal operation in the presence of failures. The contribution of this paper is to introduce a novel SH approach for all network base-stations (BSs) back-hauling in a HetNet. New SH radios are proposed with enabled Cognitive Radio (CR) capabilities for utilizing the spectrum. A Software Defined Wireless Network Controller (SDWNC) is used to handle all control information between all network elements (except user equipment). This novel pre-planned reactive SH approach ensures network reliability under multiple failures. A simulation study is conducted to assess the performance of our approach through the evaluation of the Degree of Recovery (DoR) under single and multiple failures. Our approach can achieve a DoR of at least 10% using only 1 SHR and an enhanced DoR can be achieved using a greater number of SHRs

Self-Healing in 5G HetNets

The main requirements of 5G are emerging through the efforts of diverse groups such as 4G America in United States, IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group in China and the 5G Private Public Partnership (5G PPP) in Europe. The 5G requirements will tremendously increase the network complexity which requires auto-integration and self-management capabilities that are well beyond today\u27s self-organising network features. Additionally, ultra-reliable communications put very stringent latency and reliability requirements on the architecture

A Hybrid and Secure Priority-Guaranteed MAC Protocol for Wireless Body Area Network

This paper introduces a hybrid and secure MAC protocol (PMAC) for WBAN. The PMAC protocol uses two contention access periods (CAPs) for accommodating normal and life-critical traffic and one contention-free period (CFP) for accommodating large amount of data packets. The priority-guaranteed CSMA/CA procedure is used in the CAP period, where different priorities are assigned to WBAN nodes by adjusting the backoff window size. In addition, a set of security keys is used to prevent illegal access to the network. Analytical expressions are derived to analyze the average delay, power consumption, throughput, and packet loss probability of the PMAC protocol. Results derived from these expressions are validated by computer simulations

Formal Specification and Validation of a Localized Algorithm for Segregation of Critical/Noncritical Nodes in MAHSNs

Timely segregation of critical/noncritical nodes is extremely crucial in mobile ad hoc and sensor networks. Most of the existing segregation schemes are centralized and require maintaining network wide information, which may not be feasible in large-scale dynamic networks. Moreover, these schemes lack rigorous validation and entirely rely on simulations. We present a localized algorithm for segregation of critical/noncritical nodes (LASCNN) to the network connectivity. LASCNN establishes and maintains a k-hop connection list and marks a node as critical if its k-hop neighbours become disconnected without the node and noncritical otherwise. A noncritical node with more than one connection is marked as intermediate and leaf noncritical otherwise. We use both formal and nonformal techniques for verification and validation of functional and nonfunctional properties. First, we model MAHSN as a dynamic graph and transform LASCNN to equivalent formal specification using Z notation. After analysing and validating the specification through Z eves tool, we simulate LASCNN specification to quantitatively demonstrate its efficiency. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the performance of LASCNN is scalable and is quite competitive compared to centralized scheme with global information. The accuracy of LASCNN in determining critical nodes is 87% (1-hop) and 93% (2-hop) and of noncritical nodes the accuracy is 91% (1-hop) and 93% (2-hop)